Jonathan D. Spence: Return to Dragon Mountain: Memories of a Late Ming Man
史景迁:《前朝梦忆：张岱的浮华与苍凉》
译 者： 温洽溢
出版：广西师范大学出版社，2010
先前我检讨过温洽溢所译的“雍正王朝之大义觉迷”、“追寻现代中国”二书的翻译问题
，似不必再穷追猛打。但考量温先生所译史景迁诸书在中文世界的读者很多，而且问题牵
连甚广，还是颇值得摊开来说说，以做为作者、译者、编审、出版社、及读者的警戒。
I.
首先看3个翻译错误：
1. Zhang Dai lived a parade when the moon came out and the lanterns shone.
张岱的居处前有广场，入夜月出之后，灯笼也亮起......
2. Zhang Dai wrote of one teacher called Zhu who never began his theater
training for girls by introducing them to acting. Instead he taught them
first to play a broad range of musical instruments—strings, wind and
percussion—and then taught them to sing and finally to dance. The result was
that some of Zhu's actresses attained a “level of perfection that could be
felt through the pores.”
张岱提到朱云崃教女伶唱戏时，从来都不从表演入手，反倒是教她们琵琶、箫管、鼓吹等
各种乐器，次教歌，再教舞。结果，有些拜朱云崃为师的徒弟“反觉多事矣”。
3. On ordinary days Zhang Dai studied. He never was done, and he never would
be done, as he well knew, for he was locked into a system from which there
was no outlet save absolute success.
张岱平日居家读书，从不为谋生操烦。他心里很清楚，自己也不必为五斗米折腰，因为除
非他功成名就，否则插翅也无法逃出樊笼。
1、3 两个错误分别是第一章、第二章的开头一句，问题很明白，无须多说。第2 个错误
出在错解“陶庵梦忆”的原文：
“朱云崃教女戏，非教戏也。未教戏，先教琴，先教琵琶，先教提琴、弦子、萧管，鼓吹
、歌舞，借戏为之，其实不专为戏也。...... 丝竹错杂，檀板清讴，入妙腠理，唱完以
曲白终之，反觉多事矣。”
大意不过：朱云崃教戏先从伴奏教起，训练精妙，结果戏曲的主要曲文部份反而成为配角
了。“level of perfection that could be felt through the pores.” 当作“入妙腠
理”；而且认为“反为多事矣”的不是学戏的徒弟，而是旁观的众人。
这几句中文、英文都非了不得的困难，翻错了本就不应该，而且类似的错误很多，
无暇系列。更不应该的是如此明白的错误，居然还轻易逃过专业的编审的法眼，
有些还是很粗浅的文学史常识问题。例如：