课程名称︰政治学一
课程性质︰必修
课程教师︰王业立
开课学院︰社科院
开课系所︰政治系
考试日期（年月日）︰2016.11.09
考试时限（分钟）：110分钟
试题 :
一、问答题及翻译题（每题20分）：
(1)19世纪德国的铁血宰相俾斯麦（Otto von Bismarck, 1815-1898）曾经说过：“政治
不是科学...而是一门艺术”（politics is not a science...but an art），并说
“政治是可能的艺术”（politics is the art of the possible），其意为何？你
是否同意这个观点？为什么？试表达出你的看法。
(2)何谓“自然状态”（state of nature）？Thomas Hobbes和John Locke对于“自然状
态”的看法各有何不同？他们对于“人民应服从政府权力”此一看法的观点又有何不
同？试简述之。
(3) By 1969, many political scientists had to admit that there was something
to the criticism of what had earlier been called the "behavioral revolution."
Some called the newer movement postbehavioral(粗体), a synthesis of traditional
and behavioral approaches. Postbehavioralsts recognize that facts and values
are tied toghther. They are willing to use both the qualitative data of the
traditionalists and the quantitative data of the behavioralists. They look
at history and institutions as well as public opinion and rational-choice
theory. They are not afraid of numbers and happily use correlations, graphs,
and percentages to make their cases.
二、名词解释（请将下列各专有名词，以适当的中文翻译，并做出简单的解释）
（每题10分）
(4) Milgram study
(5) historical institutionalism
(6) normative theory
(7) the law of the concentration