为了测试自动驾驶车与收集澳洲的道路使用环境、路面状况、交通号志
以及卫星导航的特性...等等资料,
德国奔驰总部派出一群工程师以及一辆改装的E-Class前往澳洲收集资料,
由奔驰车辆安全研发资深老兵Jochen Haab领军,一行人正在澳洲各地如火如荼的进行
实际测试中。
今年澳洲F1大赛现场,Jochen Haab在接受CarAdvice创办人Fallah的专访时表示,
“奔驰的全自动驾驶车至少还要再等十年以上,现阶段奔驰的半自驾车技术等级
只有在Level2 ~ Level3之间。”
LV2和LV3半自驾系统都还需要人类在必要时去接手介入。
☆☆本文 PTT网页图文版☆☆
https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/car/M.1491201724.A.74A.html
(图) 奔驰的自动驾驶测试车与路上假人合照,车顶上有摆放仪器。
https://i.imgur.com/VH5X2hC.jpg (source: Supplied)
(图) 奔驰自动驾驶测试车,车内各种特殊装备图解
https://i.imgbox.com/YD8qFbBh.jpg
to do that in that level of high automation, I think it's at least a decade
away." Haab said.
He says the brand is currently sitting around level two to three: advanced
self-driving systems that allow a vehicle to be driven autonomously, so long
as there is a human to take over at any given moment when required.
◇自驾车必须要能自行克服各种困难的行车环境与不利条件
CarAdvice创办人Alborz Fallah问说,为什么其他车厂如Tesla已经推出Autopilot2
全自动驾驶科技?
Haab回答说“依照现有的资料水准,想要达成全自动驾驶还会遇到许多变量。”
“例如像是,遇到手机网络故障断讯、遇到浓雾环境、遇到车子本身无法驾驶控制了、
遇到网络断线...,那车子它该怎么办才好?”
“你身处在一团金属里,你需要多出一套替代备援方案 (redundancies),
让自驾车系统得以在资讯非常有限的情况下能够继续良好运作,而这是件非常艰困的任务
。”
(图) Jochen Haab是奔驰车辆安全研发的资深老兵
https://i.imgbox.com/LEkiD5ow.jpg
(source: Herald Sun https://is.gd/7W7rG1 )
(图) 一辆奔驰S-Class自动驾驶测试车的内部装备照片
https://i.imgbox.com/rcd0VSS4.jpg
Asked why that is the case when brands like Tesla are already rolling out
full autonomous driving technologies (with autopilot two), Haab said there are
too many variables to be able to do full autonomous with the current level of
data available.
"[It's the what ifs… what if you had a breakdown in the cellular phone
network, what if you had intensive fog and if you had a car that had
no controls, what if you lost connection, what would that car do?
You would be in a piece of metal. [You need] redundancies and making things work and even with very limited information, it is a very tough task.”
◇每个国家都有一些独特的交通规则,自驾车电脑得要学会去面对
另外,Haab也指出墨尔本的“两段式转弯”交通规则(hook turns)也是自驾车的大挑战
。
(注: hook turns 有点像是汽车版的两段式左转,但澳洲是右驾国家就变成两段式右转)
在两段式转弯时,车子会遇到许多变量,电脑要监看两组红绿灯、十字路口的交通状况
、车子后方的交通状况、来来往往的轨道电车、突然有一台极限自行车从车子后方急转弯...
...等等,会有很多各种可能的状况。
(图) 澳洲墨尔本的hook turns 汽车两段式转弯示意图
https://i.imgbox.com/PESvnR97.jpg
Haab also pointed to the huge difficulties with road rules such as hook turns
, which are unique just to Melbourne.
"With hook turns, [there are] so many variables, two lights to watch,
cross traffic to watch, traffic from behind to watch, trams, and then there is
one BMX rider swerving from behind.. it's the what ifs."
Haab说奔驰的基本态度就是“只做最好的”"The Best or Nothing"。
对于自驾车,奔驰不需要冲第一个,如果他们认为自驾车科技还不够成熟的话。
Haab says that Mercedes-Benz's attitude and brand slogan of the best or
nothing mean it doesn't have to dive head first into autonomous vehicles
if it doesn't believe the technology is mature enough.
==心得==
对于研发自动驾驶技术,奔驰追求尽善尽美,很重视自驾车完善的安全性与稳定性,
必须要在任何道路环境下都不会出差错才行。
现在至少还要等10年以上才会正式推出奔驰版的全自动驾驶系统,奔驰车主可有的等了
BMW已经宣布要在2021年推出的全新电动旗舰车,配备LV5全自动驾驶系统。
奔驰十年磨一剑,老神在在地去达成车厂口号“只做最好的”"The Best or Nothing"。
延伸阅读
[情报] 2021年 BMW将会推出LV5全自动驾驶的新型电动旗舰车
https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/car/M.1489926978.A.7E6.html
(图表) 自动驾驶系统分成 LV1~LV5五种等级,SAE的定义
https://i.imgbox.com/XBdwh6Tb.jpg
(source: SAE https://is.gd/cwENhG )
LV2: 部份自动驾驶 (Partial Automation),
电脑只能从事有限的车辆动态驾驶任务,必要时需要人类接手介入。
例如Tesla Autopilot。
LV3: 有条件限制的自动驾驶 (Conditional Automation),
在良好道路环境下,电脑能从事各项所有车辆动态驾驶任务,但必要时仍需人类接手
介入。
LV4: 高度自动驾驶 (High Automation),
在良好的道路环境下,电脑可独立自动驾驶,过程中即使人类没有回应也没关系,
完全不需要人类接手介入。
LV5: 完全自动驾驶 (Full Automation)
出处
Mercedes-Benz says that fully autonomous vehicles are at least a decade away,
as it starts a pilot data gathering program on Australian roads
for its autonomous driving technology project.
https://is.gd/OBE9GF