课程名称︰数位语音处理概论
课程性质︰选修
课程教师︰李琳山
开课学院：电机资讯学院
开课系所︰电机系/资工所/网媒所
考试日期（年月日）︰20180110
考试时限（分钟）：120
试题 :
．Open Lecture Power Point (Printed Version) and Personal Notes
．You have to use CHINESE sentences to answer all the questions, but you
can use English terminologies.
．Total points: 170
1. (a) (5) Describe how the MAP principle can be used for speaker adaptation.
(b) (10) Describe how Maximum Likelihood Linear Regression (MLLR) can
be used for speaker adaptation.
2. (a) (10) Explain the difference between Extractive and Abstractive
Summarization.
(b) (10) Explain how Maximum Margin Relevance (MMR) can be used in
summarizing a document. Use an example to describe it.
3. (10) Explain and discuss why words and subword units are both useful
in voice-based information retrieval for Mandarin Chinese, but each
with respective limitations? Use examples in Chinese language.
4. (15) What is the mismatch in acoustic environment between training/testing
conditions for speech recognition? Explain what the model-based
approaches, feature-based approaches are, including mentioning the
names of two examples for each of them.
5. (20) For Llinear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), explain the meaning of
within/between-class scatter matrices sw/sb, and the meaning of
optimization criterion.
6. (15) What is the EM algorithm? Explain how it can be used to solve the
Basic Problem 3 for a discrete HMM.
7. (10) Please explain what is the “lattice” of an utterance, and what is
the “expected term frequency” for a term in the lattice.
8. (a) (5) Describe what Markov Decision Process (MDP) is including its
fundamental mathematical framework.
　 (b) (10) Describe how MDP can be used in user-content interaction and
spoken dialogue systems.
9. (a) (10) What is a Deep Neural Network (DNN)? How can it be used in
acoustic modeling?
　(b) (10) Explain how a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) can be used in
language modeling.
10. (10) What is a Random Forest? How can it be used in Tone Recognition
for Mandarin?
11. (10) Explain what the Pseudo-relevance Feedback is, its purpose and how
to achieve the purpose.
12. (10) Explain what the Dialogue Acts are.