繁体中文翻译连结：http://wp.me/pBAPd-sP
Types of Designers
企划的种类
原文网址
http://www.lizengland.com/blog/2014/06/types-of-designers/
http://gamasutra.com/blogs/LizEngland/20140620/219559/Types_of_Designers.php
作者：Liz England
06/20/14 03:16:00 pm
(编按2:文长请到连结去看,
之前好像有本版板友不清楚业界的职位所以节录部分)
Designer / Game Designer
游戏设计企划
Generic term to mean any or all of the design specializations, used at any
size studio, any genre, etc. Most companies just use this term for job
titles, while individual designers might still specialize informally. The
larger the studio, the more likely they will have specialized designer titles.
游戏设计企划是对于所有领域设计人员的泛称，任何大小及游戏类型的团队。大部分的公
司就只用这个职位来雇用企画，每个企划都可能再专精特定的领域。越大的公司就越有可
能会有专精的职位。
Overall, designers are concerned with the rules of the game, what ways a
player can interact with the game, how the mechanics and story work to
provide a desired experience to the player. This is the vague description
that gets clarified as you read on.
大致上来说，游戏设计企划会关心游戏的机制，玩家是如何跟游戏产生互动，游戏的机制
与故事是如何提供玩家期待的体验。这就是大致上的内容。
Junior Designer / Associate Designer
助理设计企划
Junior or Associate designers usually have less experience, and less creative
control. They may spend more time implementing under the eyes of a Designer
or Senior Designer. This is often an entry level position, catering to new
hires from outside the industry (such as students), those transitioning
between roles within a company (from art to design), or existing designers
hired into very different scale of games (moving from a 2D game studio to a
AAA studio).
助理设计企划通常比较资浅，或比较少专注在创意上。他们会花比较多时间透过资深设计
企划的角度来实作。这职位通常是一个入门砖，公司用这职位雇用没有游戏产业经验的人
员，跨越不同领域（如美术到设计）的转换职位，或设计企划进入不同规模的公司。
Design Support
企画助理
This role is a low-level design position that focuses mostly on implementing
tedious grunt tasks, freeing up other designers to concentrate on bigger
issues. They may go through and populate the world with crates or fish, or
use scripting to trigger FX explosions as the player fights in a big battle.
They may place volumes or clues around pieces of cover that tells the game
how AI can interact with them, and then place those volumes throughout every
combat scenario in the game.
企画助理是一个负责比较不需要设计的职位，会协助负责各种杂务，让设计人员能专注在
大项目上。他们负责把游戏塞满各种箱子及鱼只，让玩家战斗时能使用脚本触发爆炸效果
。他们会负责摆放书卷及线索，让游戏知道要怎么指挥AI与玩家互动，摆放那些书卷让玩
家了解战斗场景的背景。
I know this role exists at my studio and at least a couple other places,
which is why I am including it (we technically call it QA Support, as they
are all QA people we’ve brought into support roles to help designers). This
role might be that of an Associate or Junior Designer, depending on the
company, or fall into a more generalized “contract work” temporary hire.
我至少就知道两三个公司有这样的角色，所以我在这里提到他们。有时候我们是用品管助
理的方式称呼他们，有时候是资浅的设计人员，或短时间暂时来支援的角色。
...
Creative Director
创意监督
The top of the game development pyramid who reports directly to the owner of
the company and to the publisher funding the game. They hold the ‘vision’
of the game – this is the closest to “the idea guy” that you can get.
They are analogous to a film director, and are usually the most visible in
the media as the face of the development team.
创意监督通常是在游戏开发的金字塔顶层，直接对公司高层及发行商负责，这样的角色会
负责决定游戏的"外观"，也就是我们所认知最接近"出点子的人"。他就像是电影导演一样
，通常在新闻中会代表开发团队亮相，被访问的人。
Creative Directors can come from any department – art, programming, design,
or even an owner of the company. Some studios use Director or Executive
Producer to describe this role, but Creative Director is the most common.
创意总监可以从各种不同部门而来，美术，程式，设计，甚至是投资人。一些团队会用导
演或执行制作人来描述这个角色，但创意总监是最一般的说法。
...
Narrative Designer
叙事设计
Narrative designers are concerned with gameplay elements or mechanics that
allow the player to interact with the story, whether that’s in a linear
fashion or through meaningful choices that result in branching stories. While
they certainly deal with some level of writing (which varies by studio), they
mostly focus on the design and implementation of narrative-related gameplay.
While many studios hire writers (because most games, particularly AAA titles,
have a story), narrative designer roles tend to exist at studios that
specialized in story-oriented games, like Bioware or Tell Tale.
叙事设计人员专注在游戏玩法的元素与机制如何让玩家跟故事互动上，是单线剧情还是多
重选择导致分支。这样的角色多少会牵涉到关卡的剧情，但他们专注在跟叙事有关的玩法
上。即便每个团队都会雇用作家，像Bioware或Tell Tale这样的公司，叙事设计人员在团
队中都还是在故事导向的游戏中有固定的编制。
How does the player interact with story elements – through dialogue options,
quick time events, or text input? Is the story linear or branching? If it
branches, how many branches are there and do they always branch or do they
loop back together at key moments? Is there a morality system tied to player
choices? How do you communicate that a choice is meaningful?
玩家怎么跟故事元素互动？是透过对话选项，时间任务，还是输入文字？故事是单线的还
是多线的？有多少分支？分支剧情在关键时刻会回到一起吗？玩家的选择背后有道德系统
运作吗？如何告诉玩家选项是有意义的？
...
Writer
剧情作家
Writers focus on the overall narrative of the game, which is informed by the
creative director’s vision as well as the needs of individual designers (jn
the case of a mission or level-focused game). They also write the text,
descriptions, names, and dialogue throughout the entire game and work with
(usually external) teams to localize this text into other languages.
作家从创意监督或个别企划的视野下写作整个游戏，任务，关卡的故事。他们跟团队合作
写下文字，描述，名称，对白。甚至包含多国语系的部分。
Sometimes writers exist on the design team, since they work very closely with
them, and sometimes narrative designers may take on writing duties. At very
small companies, there may be no on-staff writer and this position maybe
filled by a designer. But typically if you want to write for games, you need
to be good at writing not at designing.
有时候作家会隶属于设计团队，因为他们需要与团队紧密工作，有时候叙事设计人员也会
分担写作的工作。在小公司内，可能就没有专职的作家，此时企划会负责这个工作。但有
时候设计与写作专长还是略有差异。
...
Software Designer
软件设计人员
A software designer is one of many terms to describe the role of a
programmer. Despite the name, this is not a design position.
软件设计人员是用来形容程式的，但尽管职称是设计，其实工作内容并不是（游戏）设计
。