课程名称︰分析化学丁
课程性质︰药学系 医学检验暨生物技术学系 必修
课程教师︰张焕宗
开课学院：理学院
开课系所︰化学系
考试日期（年月日）︰May 7, 2014
考试时限（分钟）： 180分钟
是否需发放奖励金： 是
（如未明确表示，则不予发放）
试题 :
I Briefly differentiate the following terms (3% each, 30% total)
(1) Spectral and ionization interferences
(2) Doppler effect and pressure broadening
(3) Chemiluminescence and bioluminescence
(4) Primary and secondary absorption
(5) Job's method and slope-ratio method
(6) Electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption and
ionization
(7) Time of flight and quadrupole mass analyzers
(8) Chemical and electron ionization
(9) Protecting agent and ion suppressor
(10) Continuous source and Smith-Hieftje background corrections
II Use graphs to answer question 1-5 (3% each, 15% total)
(1) Energy levels showing the difference between fluorescence and
phosphorescence
(2) A flow injection system for the detection of iodide
(3) An absorption method for the determination of the concentrations of
Fe(III) and copper(II) in aqueous solution
(4) An absorption method for the determination of the formation constant of a
drug with its receptor
(5) A mass spectrometric method for confirming two analytes having same m/z
value but with different structures
III Fluorescence (3% each, 15% total)
(1) A scheme for a fluorescence instrument.
(2) Why is a PMT used to measure the fluorescence intensity?
(3) How do light source affect the sensitivity of fluorescence?
(4) Define quantum yield.
(5) How can the critical concentration of a micelle be determined?
IV Atomic spectroscopy (3% each, 15% total)
(1) Depict instruments to show differences between AAS and AES
(2) The first excited state of one element is reached by absorption of 420-nm
light. Find the N*/N0 ratio at 3200 K. (g*/g0 = 2)
(3) Name the atomization processes applied when using an electrothermal
Atomizer in AAS.
(4) Why is chemical interference more serious in flame-AES than in ICP-AES?
(5) One application of atomic fluorescence spectroscopy.
V Write a short story for each figure (3% each, 18% total)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
VI Give yourself one question about the application of mass spectrometry, and
and answer it. Your question can not be the same or similar to any questions
given above. (6%)
VII Gold nanodots (Au NDs): (12% total)
A simple approach was developed for the preparation of fluorescent Au NDs
on aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NPs), which is represented as Al2O3
NP@AuNDs. The Au NDs were prepared from hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III)
trihydrate (HAuCl4) in the presence of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium
chloride (THPC), penicillamine (PA), aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs),
and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (6-MH). Gold ions adsorbed on the surface of Al2O3 NPs
that had been dispersed in aqueous solutions containing PA were reduced by
THPC, leading to the formation of Au NPs. The as-prepared Au NPs were further
etched by 6-MH to produce Au NDs. By simply controlling the reaction time,
various colors of Al2O3 NP@AuNDs were prepared.
(1) What are the roles of PA, THPC, and 6-MH? (6%)
(2) Provide a range of Stokes shifts for the Al2O3 NP@AuNDs. (3%)
(3) A possible reason for different colors of Al2O3 NP@AuNDs. (3%)