https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6556/808
Fat-free mass–adjusted expenditure accelerates rapidly in neonates to ~50%
above adult values at ~1 year; declines slowly to adult levels by ~20 years;
remains stable in adulthood (20 to 60 years), even during pregnancy; then
declines in older adults.
https://reurl.cc/KAGDlq
Writing in the journal Science, Speakman and colleagues report how they
used data from what are known as doubly labelled water studies to
calculate the energy expenditure of 6,421 people across 29 countries, with
data from additional studies involving women who were pregnant or had
recently given birth.
研究人员在科学杂志上撰文报告了他们如何使用双标水研究的数据来计算
29个国家6,421人的能量消耗。
The team found total daily energy expenditure and “basal expenditure”, the
energy needed to carry out fundamental metabolic functions such as
breathing, rose with body size. After taking this into account, they found
infants up to one month old used around the same total amount of energy a
day as adults, and that this rose rapidly to about 50% above adult values at
one year of age.
研究人员发现，每日总能量消耗和“基础消耗”（执行呼吸等基本代谢功能所
需的能量）随着体型的增加而增加。考量这一点后，他们发现1个月大的婴儿
每天消耗的能量总量与成人大致相同，并且在1岁时迅速上升到比成人值高
出约50%。
The researchers added that after this time, total daily energy expenditure
declines slowly through childhood and adolescence, at a rate of about
–2.8% a year, to reach adult levels by about 20 years of age. It then
plateaus until about the age of 60, whereupon it begins to decline once
more. Total energy expenditure in adults even remains stable during
pregnancy.
在这段时间之后，儿童和青春期的每日总能量消耗以每年约2.8%的速度缓
慢下降，到20岁时达到成人水平。 然后它达到稳定状态，直到大约
60岁，然后再次开始下降。 成人的总能量消耗甚至在怀孕期间保持稳定。
个人想法
1. 不能再用年龄当借口了，除非你小于20岁或大于60岁
2. doubly labelled water
（https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubly_labeled_water）
这方法应该比单用公式计算每日总能量消耗和“基础消耗”准确的多
3. 很好奇研究人员如何因应体型及肌肉量的不同而进行调整？