The well runs dry
Why borrowing in dollars is central to the business cycle in developing
countries
Mar 5th 2016 | From the print edition
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OIL PRICES have perked up a bit, but producers are still reeling from the
slump in crude prices last year. The boss of Pemex, Mexico’s state-owned oil
firm, said this week that the company faced a “liquidity crunch”. Malaysia’
s state oil firm is laying off workers. Petrobras, Brazil’s troubled oil
giant, recently secured a $10 billion loan from the China Development Bank to
help it to pay off maturing bonds. The trouble at these firms underlines
broader concerns about the burden of corporate debt in emerging markets. A
particular worry for resources firms is the rising cost of servicing dollar
debts taken out when the greenback was much weaker than it is now. Short-term
dollar loans to be repaid with earnings in falling currencies featured
prominently in past emerging-market crises. But the concern about the role of
dollar lending in the current cycle is different.
问题1)
黄色那句，说这些能源公司有一个很大的隐忧，是美元贷款的附付息压力愈发庞大，可是
when the greenback was much weaker than it is now，是指美元愈强还是愈来愈弱?
这边我看不太懂?
问题2)
这句话是说，“按过去的新兴市场危机的主要现象，那些因为强势美元而造成币值大贬的国
家，必须要用他们自己赚的钱来偿还短期债务”吗?