如果主管机关规定所有的女性空服腰围不能
超过24吋,男性空服身高不得低于183,所
有匪类乘客如我都会超开心。最好还要求机
舱及垂直尾翼强制安装摄影机且可公开下载
,让全体乘客觉得安心,觉得落得重时,或
是引擎落地后破一个洞时,大家都可以分析
影片、听取驾驶舱录音以协助调查。
我们来看米国NTSB 的官网文章怎么写:
https://www.ntsb.gov/news/Pages/cvr_fdr.aspx
先给各位一个概念,美国这类的法治国家,
对于国家权力的运用所制定的法律,可大略
分类为组织法和行为法:
前者规定何机关具有特定事务的管辖权、该
机关如何组织(会议制、首长制)、人员资格
、预算或经费等等,也就是一般所谓的“组织
合法”;后者是指该机关行使权利时该遵守的
程序、行使权力的范围(通常是条例式)、行
使的限制等等。这整个加起来,就是常听到的“正当法律程序”。有这个概念,就知道人
家
简短的文章讲了多少事情。
组织:须成立CVR委员会,委员会成员把各
方都抓进来。
A CVR committee usually consisting of members from the NTSB, FAA, operator
of the aircraft, manufacturer of the airplane, manufacturer of the engines, an
d the pilots union, is formed to listen to the recording.
CVR委员会的工作内容及目的:
将相关的录音配合航管录音,把“相关的部
分”做成抄本,以提供SafetyBoard 公开
“听证”使用。
This committee creates a written transcript
of the CVR audio to be used during the investigation. FAA air traffic control
tapes
with their associated time codes are used
to help determine the local standard time
of one or more events during the accident sequence. These times are applied to
the transcript, providing a local time for every
event on the transcript. More precise timing
for critical events can be obtained using
sound spectrum software. The transcript,
containing all pertinent portions of the recording, can be released to the pub
lic at
the time of the Safety Board's public hearing.
听CVR的诸多限制:
1. 听CVR,和其他资讯(如调取FDR)是
不同的
The CVR recordings are treated differently
than the other factual information obtained
in an accident investigation
2. 之所以不同,原因在于它的敏感性(其实
就是在讲隐私权),所以国会要求Safety
Board 不能对外提供CVR录音本身的任何
部分
Due to the highly sensitive nature of the
verbal communications inside the cockpit,
Congress has required that the Safety
Board not release any part of a CVR audio
recording.
3. 必须对CVR录音本身及抄本,有高程度的
保安规定,理由也是因为它的敏感性(又提
到隐私权了)
Because of this sensitivity, a high degree
of security is provided for the CVR audio
and its transcript.
4. 抄本的对外公开则是更严格的限制:
(1) 有联邦法令的依据(就是法律保留原
则)
(2) 这抄本必须是在Safety Board 公开听
证使用的
(3) 如果没有举办听证,就是事故有对外
公开的情形
The content and timing of release of the
written transcript are strictly regulated:
under federal law, transcripts of pertinent
portions of cockpit voice recordings are
released at a Safety Board public hearing
on the accident or, if no hearing is held,
when a majority of the factual reports are
made public.
结论:
听CVR在先进国家的组织、程序、条件、限制
真的有够靠北,好在我们只是鬼岛,
这些都不是问题!
PS. 那个sensitivity 是不是在讲隐私权,
有待先进补充,
因为据我所知,会用这个字眼,是他们不
确定是不是涉及隐私权,但就算不是隐私
权也是某种权利、应保护的利益,只是他
们还没想出来名字(按:他们是自然法的国
家)。