[媒体名称] Paddle Your Own Kanoo [新闻日期] 2021.JAN.22
[网址] https://tinyurl.com/y2km6zma
[内文]
文长。
小弟使用Chrome内建网页翻译，并且经过稍微调整，
如果有翻译不正确不周详的地方欢迎提出，感恩！
= What Quarantine and Testing Rules
Do Pilots and Flight Attendants Face in Different Countries? =
= 飞行员和空服员在不同国家面对什么样的隔离和测试规则？=
Hong Kong's health minister, Sophia Chan Siu-chee confirmed on Friday
that the Chinese territory was considering imposing a mandatory 14-day
quarantine on all flight crew arriving from overseas.
Despite fierce objections from hometown airline Cathay Pacific which fears
the draconian measures could be the last nail in the coffin for the already
decimated airline industry, Chan Siu-chee said Hong Kong doesn't have
any "alternative" as it battles a fourth wave of COVID-19 infections.
香港卫生局局长陈肇始周五证实，
中国当局正在考虑对所有来自海外的机组人员实施强制性的14天检疫。
尽管国泰航空公司表达了强烈的反对，
他们担心严厉的措施可能会给已经重伤的航空业带来更致命的打击，
但陈表示，香港在与第四波疫情的抗争中没有任何其他方法。
The treatment of pilots and flight attendants has been a contentious
issue throughout the pandemic in Hong Kong. Health measures have been
progressively tightened as residents voiced alarm that aircrew were
importing the virus from abroad and putting the territory's 7+ million
residents at risk.
在香港，对于航空组员的防疫管制一直是一个有争议的问题。
随着居民发声认为机组人员正在从国外带进病毒，
并使七百多万居民处于危险之中，防疫措施已逐步加严。
The debate has exposed a huge difference in how pilots, flight attendants
and other aviation workers are treated when they go from country to country.
In theory, both the World Health Organization (WHO) and International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) say flight crew shouldn't be subjected
to invasive testing…the reality, however, is much different.
So how are different countries treating their own flight attendants when it
comes to quarantine and testing arrangements?
在辩论的过程中，
揭露了不同国家对于飞行员、空服员和其他航空工作者不同的防疫措施。
理论上，世界卫生组织(WHO)和国际民用航空组织(ICAO)都表明，
空勤组员不应接受侵入性测试...然而，现实中却大不相同。
那么，在隔离和测试安排方面，不同的国家如何对待自己的空勤组员呢？
Abu Dhabi and Dubai 阿布达比与杜拜
Dubai was one of the first governments to introduce mandatory cabin crew
and pilot testing on arrival leading to huge queues as Emirates staffers
lined up for PCR nasal swabs after a long flight home. But while Dubai
eventually made pre-departure PCR testing mandatory for passengers,
the same rules for crew were dropped within weeks.
杜拜是最早引入空勤组员入境前强制性测试的政府之一，
这导致了Emirates的组员在长途飞行后必须大排长龙等候PCR测试。
而杜拜本来也规定在出发前要强制实施PCR测试，
但数周之内就取消了机组人员的相关规定，只剩下乘客需要遵守。
Even as other countries have slowly added testing requirements for crew,
Dubai has held firm with its crew exemption still in place. Emirates has,
though, agreed to test cabin crew due to fly to Australia within three days
of departure. Once tested, crew must self-isolate at home to reduce the risk
of infection as much as possible.
仅管其他国家逐渐增加了对组员的测试要求，
杜拜仍坚决主张其组员可以豁免。
不过，Emirates已同意测试在三天内要启程飞往澳洲的空服员。
经过测试后，组员必须在家中进行自我隔离，以尽可能降低感染的风险。
In Abu Dhabi, the national carrier Etihad has taken self-isolation rules
to another level, demanding that all operating cabin crew quarantine in
their apartments between flights. Crew are only allowed to leave once a day
to collect essential supplies or to seek medical help. Rules breakers have
been threatened with dismissal.
在阿布达比，Etihad已将自我隔离规则提高到了另一个层次。
他们要求所有值勤中的空服员，在两次飞行之间在其公寓进行隔离。
组员每天只能因采买生活必需品或是寻求医疗协助离开家里一次。
违反规则者将有可能遭到解雇。
(小弟查了一下，没有太多消息，
与近期多起空服员在外站采检阳性导致班机取消有关)
https://tinyurl.com/yx9tzyrg
Australia 澳洲
In response to fears of new mutant variants of the COVID-19 virus, as well
as controversy over international flight attendants breaking quarantine rules,
Australian states have moved to toughen up their rules.
出于对COVID-19病毒新变种的担心，
以及他国空服员违反隔离规则的争议，澳洲已加强其防疫规则。
Flight attendants who arrive in Australia from abroad must have been tested
within three days of departure and are then re-tested on arrival.
International flight attendants are required to quarantine in their hotel
rooms in designated hotels, while Australian crew are allowed to self-isolate
for 14-days in their own homes.
从国外到达澳洲的空服员必须在出发前三天内进行采检，
然后在到达时再采检一次。
他国的空服员必须在指定饭店的房间内进行隔离，
而澳洲的组员则可以在自己的家中隔离14天。
(虽然原文是写空服员，不过小弟查了澳洲卫生署官网的规定，是所有飞航组员都要)
https://tinyurl.com/y5anuprc
The strict quarantine rules aren't having a major impact on Australian
carriers because they stopped operating regularly scheduled international
flights early into the pandemic but Emirates did temporarily suspend the
majority of services to Australia as it worked through the new protocols.
严格的检疫规则并未对澳洲的航空公司产生重大影响，
因为他们在大流行初期就停止了定期运营的国际航班，
而Emirates在协议的过程中暂停了大部分飞往澳洲的航班。
Europe and the UK 欧洲与英国
Much of Europe and the UK followed WHO guidance from the outset of the
pandemic and decided not to impose additional restrictions on flight
attendants flying into the bloc – even foreign flight attendants arriving
from countries with much higher levels of infection.
英国与欧洲的大部分地区从大流行初期就遵循了WHO的指引，
决定不对入境的空服员施加额外的限制，
即使是来自感染程度较高国家的外国空服员也是如此。
(这边虽然原文是写空服员，但我相信他想说的是所有空勤组员)
There have, however, been a few notable exceptions. The UK made flight crew
who operated flights to Denmark just before a total travel ban was imposed go
into quarantine for 10-days. The decision caught Ryan Air off-guard because
the airline thought its crew would be exempt as they never stepped foot off
the plane and were only in Denmark for 30-minutes as new passengers boarded.
但是，有一些值得注意的例外。
在实施全面旅行禁令之前，
英国令飞往丹麦的空勤组员需隔离10天。
该决定使Ryan Air措手不及，
因为他们认为其机组人员从未下过飞机，
并且仅在丹麦地停了30分钟让乘客上下机，
应该可以获得隔离豁免。
Similar quarantine rules were introduced when a travel ban was slapped
on South Africa.
在南非实施旅行禁令时，也引入了类似的检疫规则。
Dutch carrier KLM has also threatened to suspend all long-haul flying after
the government introduced a pre-departure testing rule for flights headed for
the Netherlands. A spokesperson for KLM said it was unacceptable that crew
weren't exempt and the airline would rather stop flying than risk leaving a
crew member behind.
在荷兰政府颁布对飞往荷兰的空勤组员需实施出发前测试的规则后，
KLM也威胁要暂停所有的长途航班。
KLM发言人表示，无法接受机组人员无法获得豁免，
KLM宁愿停止飞行，也不愿冒将组员留在国外的风险。
New Zealand 新西兰
Despite its great success in controlling the spread of the novel Coronavirus,
New Zealand has taken a relatively light-touch approach to flight crew.
The most up to date rules require aircrew to take a test on arrival and then
quarantine in a hotel room for 48-hours. If the test is negative, they can
leave without any further restrictions.
相较于对病毒传播采取了严格控制并取得巨大的成功，
新西兰对空勤组员采取了相对宽松的方法。
最新的规定要求机组人员在抵达新西兰时进行采检，
然后在饭店房间隔离48小时。如果测试结果是阴性的，
他们便可以离开而没有任何进一步的限制。
Air New Zealand cabin crew are, however, subject to restrictions when they
go abroad with crew instructed not to leave their hotel rooms during layovers
and to keep their distance from any locals.
但是，Air New Zealand的组员在外站时要受到管制，
不能离开饭店房间，并与当地人保持距离。
The United States 美国
Like Europe, the United States hasn't imposed any additional restrictions on
flight crew, although the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
recommends crew self-monitor for symptoms, including regular temperature
checks.
与欧洲一样，美国没有对空勤组员施加任何其他限制，
但疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)建议机组人员自行监测症状，
包括定期进行体温检查。
New pre-departure testing rules set to come into force on January 26 with
specifically exempt aircrew but that might change over a review of the policy
has been completed by the Biden administration. New quarantine rules are also
set to be introduced and these could also affect flight crew in some form.
新的出发前测试法规将于1月26日生效，
空勤组员目前有豁免权，
但是在拜登政府对政策的重新审查后可能会改变。
另外，还有计划引入新的隔离规则，
这些规则也可能会影响到空勤组员。
[心得]
即使WHO与ICAO建议不需对空勤组员进行高强度管制，
但各国对于组员的管制依然是有紧有松。
而新西兰算是值得研究的对象，
防疫成绩佳，但是在管制上却是相对从容地宽松，
如果能知道新西兰成功的秘诀，
也许有机会能稍微松绑空勤组员的管制，
虽然小弟觉得希望不大就是了。
台湾对于空勤组员的防疫管制在国际上是相对紧的，
对于控制病毒的传播肯定是有正面效果。
虽然在纽案以前也是有其他零星的组员违规事件，
但是至少在外站防疫措施与3+11开始实施以后，
五万多值勤人次，都无一组员确诊，
多少也证明之前的管制强度应该是足够。
现在升级过后的管制在理论上应该也是更为足够，
希望能抵御住变种病毒凌厉的攻势。
最后还是一样祈祷疫苗赶紧发挥效力，
使疫情在不远的未来获得控制，
有点快扛不住啦。
以上，谢谢。