※ 引述《saucy (Elevator)》之铭言：
: tpo10 第四篇lecture的第五题
: 题目是
: How was recall tested in children without language ability?
How 问如何 测验 recall
对象是小孩(而且还不会说话)
: A. By recording children 's responses to familiar faces
: B. By observing children 's reaction to a repeated series of actions
借由观察小孩对于一系列反复动作的反应
这是说 重复一套动作 (这是指施测者再重复演出这个动作)
然后观察小孩的反应
: C. By having children imitate each other 's actions
: D. By having children imitate an ordered sequence of actions
让小孩模仿有顺序的动作
B和D有好几个不同的地方
1. 要测验recall 所以要看的是受试的小孩 能不能重复 看到的动作
B 没有说要观察到什么现象才称之为有recall
而且B选项中重复表演的是 施测者
2. 重点其实不只是模仿
replicate the action, the objects used,
the steps involved and the order of the steps
这些都要重现
3. The children were asked to imitate the steps immediately
并非记忆测验 这只是要看看演示完之后
小孩有没有学到 或者会不会做这些动作
有没有记忆的测验看的是
then again after delays of one or more month
要在一段时间之后还能正确地再现有顺序的动作
: 答案是D
: 但为何B不可以? 意思也跟D很相近阿
: 考满分解释是写题目出自这段:
: So the researchers set up an experiment using imitation-based tasks.
: Adults used props, uh, toys or other objects to demonstrate an action that
: have 2 steps.The children were asked to imitate the steps immediately.
: 教授提到 the researcher set up an experiment using imitation based texts，并进
: 一步解释实际的做法是成人演示一套有两步的动作，然后要求小孩子在当下及一段时间后
: 分别模仿出这套动作来。