课程名称︰普通化学二
课程性质︰必修
课程教师︰陆骏逸
开课学院：理学院
开课系所︰化学系
考试日期（年月日）︰2014/4/16
考试时限（分钟）：110分钟
是否需发放奖励金：是
（如未明确表示，则不予发放）
试题 :
（1） (20pts) Use the following bond enthalpies to estimate the reaction
　　　　　　　enthalpy ΔH°for the reaction：
　　　　CH3CH2OH(g) + 3O2(2) <=> 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g)
Where O=O:498kJmol^-1 ； C-C:348kJmol^-1 ； C-H:413kJmol^-1
O-H:463kJmol^-1 ； C-O:351kJmol^-1 ； C=O:728kJmol^-1
（2） (20pts) A mixture of 2.0 mol nitrogen and 1.0 mol oxygen is the thermal
equilibrium in a 73-L container ar 25℃.
(a) Calculate the probabilty that ata given time all the nitrogen will be in
the left half of the container and all the oxygen in the right half.
(b) Caculate the entropy change of this process.
The gas constant R=8.314 Jmol^-1K^-1
（3） (20pts) Someone claims that a new refrigerator is invented where during
one cycle, the engine exchanges heats:
　　　　　　　　　　Q1= 100J at T1=200K
　　　　　　　　　　Q2= 125J at T2=250K
　　　　　　　　　　Q3=-280J at T3=300K.
With the help of the Carnot theorem, show that the data contradicts with
Kelvin's second law of thermodynamics.
（4） (20pts) A molecule is confined to 1D motion in a small tube, where it is
attached to a fixed atom by the potential V(x) = (k/4)*(x^4).
Use the Boltzmann factor to calculate its averged energy at the temperature T.
∞ -x^4 ∞ 4 -x^4
(Hint:∫ e dx = 1.8128, ∫ x e dx = 0.4532.
-∞ -∞
（5） (20pts) A reverible chemical reaction 2A<=>B has the standard enthalpy of
reaction ΔH°, reaction entropy ΔS°and the equilibrium constant K.
Suppose that the ΔH°and ΔS°do not depend on the temperature T,
show the LeChatelier's principle, that dK/dT has the same sign as ΔH°