课程名称：个体经济学
开课教师：郑鸿章
开课学院：商学院
开课系级：国贸系
考试日期(年月日)：101.11.22
考试时限(Mins)：110 min
试题本文：
一. The rent control agency of an Asian city has found that aggregate
demand is QD= 160-8P. Quantity is measured in tens of thousands of apartments.
Price, the average monthly rental rate, is measured in hundreds of dollars.
The agency also noted that the increase in Q at lower P results from more
three-person families coming into the city from Long Island and demanding
apartments. The city’s board of realtors acknowledges that this is a good
demand estimate and has shown that supply is QS =70+ 7P.
a. If both the agency and the board are right about demand and supply, what
is the free-market price? What is the change in city population if the agency
sets a maximum average monthly rent of $300 and all those who cannot find an
apartment leave the city?
b. Suppose the agency bows to the wishes of the board and sets a rental of
$900 per month on all apartments to allow landlords a “fair” rate of
return. If 50% of any long-run increases in apartment offerings come from new
construction, how many apartments are constructed?
二. 台湾是一个汽车引擎进口的国家，假设世界汽车引擎市场为完全竞争市场，
请依据下列图形回答相关问题:
台湾汽车引擎市场价格(pw+t)由于课税(t)而高于世界价格(pw) 则试问:
1.假若t视为进口关税(每台引擎所缴的税);则进口量为何?
2.若t是营业税(由消费者负担)则进口量为何?
3.何种税制消费者的剩余损失较小?
4.何种税制，生产者剩余增加较多?
三.设某农产品市场的供需如下:
Pt=20+2qs(t+1) supply function
Pt=80-qd(t) demand function
则 1.第五期的价格为何?(设Po=100)
2.此市场是否为稳定市场?
3.若时间(t)趋近于无限大，则市场价格为何?
四. a.请详细推导出Marshallian Demand Curve并解释其经济意义
b.请详细推导出需求之价格弹性与总销售收入之关系
c.请证明需求函数qd(t)=k/p^α,k>0;曲线上任何一点之需求价格弹性值均为α