楼主:
kwei (光影)
2019-09-03 12:55:01标题: Billions of pounds worth of weapons have been licensed by the UK to Saudi
Arabia since start of Yemen war
自也门战争开始以来，英国已许可向沙特阿拉伯出售数十亿英镑的武器
新闻来源: Independent
https://tinyurl.com/y3bto73o
The UK has licensed the sale of ￡6.2bn worth of arms to the Saudi-led
coalition bombing Yemen, new statistics show.
(新的统计数据显示，英国已经批准向沙特领导的联盟出售价值62亿英镑的武器，该联盟
对也门进行轰炸。)
Fighter jets, bombs and missiles made in Britain are believed to have been
used in the war, sparking a court battle over the legality of sales.
(据信英国制造的战斗机，炸弹和导弹已经在战争中使用，这在法院中引发了对销售合法
性的争论。)
Research estimates that Saudi-led bombing has killed more than 8,000
civilians, while driving a deadly cholera outbreak and famine that the United
Nations has called the worst humanitarian crisis in the world.
(研究估计，沙特领导的爆炸事件造成8,000多名平民死亡，同时引发致命的霍乱疫情和饥
荒，联合国称之为世界上最严重的人道主义危机。)
Government figures show that export licences worth ￡6.2bn have been granted
to members of the Saudi-led coalition in the four years since the conflict
began in March 2015.
(政府数据显示，自2015年3月冲突开始以来的四年里，沙特领导的联盟成员已获得价值62
亿英镑的武器出口许可证。)
The figure includes ￡5.3bn to Saudi Arabia, ￡657m to United Arab Emirates,
￡85m to Egypt, ￡72m to Bahrain, ￡40m to Kuwait and ￡142m to Qatar before
it withdrew from the coalition in 2017.
(这一数字包括沙特阿拉伯53亿英镑，阿拉伯联合酋长国6.57亿英镑，埃及8500万英镑，
巴林7200万英镑，科威特4000万英镑和卡塔尔1.42亿英镑。卡塔尔之后于2017年退出联盟
。)
The Campaign Against the Arms Trade (Caat) group said the real total was “
likely to be a great deal higher” because many bombs and missiles used by
Saudi forces were approved through a separate licensing system that offers no
public breakdown.
(反对武器贸易运动（Caat）组织表示，实际总数“可能会高得多”，因为沙特部队使用
的许多炸弹和导弹都是通过另一个单独的许可证制度批准的，而该系统没有任何公开细目
。)
Andrew Smith, of Caat, said: “Thousands of people have been killed in the
Saudi-led bombardment of Yemen, but that has done nothing to deter the arms
dealers.
(该组织的Andrew Smith说：“沙特领导的也门轰炸造成数千人丧生，但这并没有阻止军
火商的行动。”)
“The bombing has created the worst humanitarian crisis in the world, and it
wouldn’t have been possible without the complicity and support of Downing
Street. These arms sales are immoral and illegal.”
(“轰炸造成了世界上最严重的人道主义危机，而没有唐宁街的同谋和支持，这是不可能
发生的。这些武器销售是不道德和非法的。“)
Saudi Arabia leads a coalition conducting airstrikes in support of president
Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi in Yemen, and the British government has supported the
intervention as a means of “fighting to restore Yemen’s legitimate
government”.
(沙特阿拉伯率领一个联盟进行空袭，以支持也门总统Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi。英国政
府支持此一干预，以此作为“努力恢复也门合法政府”的手段。)
In June, Court of Appeal judges found that the UK’s decision to continue
selling arms to Saudi Arabia for use in the war was “irrational and
therefore unlawful”.
(6月，上诉法院法官认定，英国决定继续向沙特阿拉伯出售用于战争的武器是“非理性的
，因此是非法的”。)
A ruling said it “made no concluded assessments of whether the Saudi-led
coalition had committed violations of international humanitarian law in the
past, during the Yemen conflict, and made no attempt to do so”.
(一项裁决称，“在也门冲突期间，沙特领导的联盟过去是否曾违反国际人道法，英国政
府并没有做评估，也没有尝试做评估”。)
Judges found that although the UK had “engaged closely” with Riyadh in an
attempt to minimise civilian casualties in Yemen, the efforts fell short of
the legal obligation to assess the risk of war crimes.
(法官们发现，虽然英国与利雅得“密切合作”，试图尽量减少也门的平民伤亡，但这些
努力没有尽到到评估战争罪风险的法律义务。)
In the wake of the ruling, former international trade secretary Liam Fox said
the government would not grant any new export licences for weapons that may
be used in Yemen.
(在该裁决之后，前国际贸易部长Liam Fox表示，政府不会批准任何新的出口许可证给可
能用于也门的武器。)
But while seeking to appeal, the government is attempting to stay the Court
of Appeal ruling and continue sales under pre-existing agreements.
(但在寻求上诉时，政府正试图保留上诉法院的裁决，并继续根据已有的协议进行销售。)
Last month, it was revealed that the government had invited a Saudi
delegation to the controversial Defence and Security Equipment International
(DSEI) arms fair.
(上个月，据透露，政府已邀请沙特代表团参加有争议的国防和国际安全设备（DSEI）军
备展。)
Protests are expected to greet DSEI when it arrives at London’s Excel Centre
in September, with organisers boasting of its “unrivalled scale”.
(预计抗议者们将出现在9月伦敦Excel中心的DSEI展，组织者称抗议活动将有“无与伦比
的规模”。)
The United Arab Emirates, which is part of the Saudi-led coalition in Yemen,
is listed as an “international partner” on DSEI’s official website.
(阿拉伯联合酋长国是沙特领导的联盟的一部分，在DSEI的官方网站上被列为“国际合作
伙伴”。)
It says the state-owned Saudi Arabian Military Industries firm will also be
among exhibitors.
(网站上说，国有的沙特阿拉伯军事工业公司也将参展。)
Mr Smith called the invite “disgraceful”, adding: “This only goes to show
that no matter how dire the humanitarian crisis in Yemen has become, the
government will continue to prioritise arms sales over the rights and lives
of Yemeni people.”
(Smith先生称这些邀请是“可耻的”，并补充说：“这只表明，无论也门的人道主义危机
多么可怕，政府将继续进行军售，而非优先考虑对也门人民的权利和生活。”)
The government said it disagreed with the Court of Appeal’s judgment and has
submitted a challenge to the Supreme Court.
(政府表示不同意上诉法院的判决，并向最高法院提出质疑。)
A spokesperson said: “The UK operates one of the most robust export control
regimes in the world. Licensing decisions are based on the most up-to-date
information and analysis available at the time, including advice from those
with diplomatic and military expertise and reports from our overseas network
and NGOs.
(一位发言人说：“英国有世界上最严格的出口管制制度。许可的决定是基于当时最新的
信息和分析，包括具有外交和军事专业知识的人员的建议以及我们海外网络和非政府组织
的报告。)
“We welcome any further information NGOs can provide regarding compliance
with international humanitarian law.
(“我们欢迎非政府组织提供有关遵守国际人道法的任何进一步信息。)
“The government undertakes a stringent process of scrutiny and approval
before issuing any formal invitations to foreign governments to attend a
major UK defence exhibition like DSEI.”
(“在向外国政府发出任何正式邀请参加DSEI等英国主要国防展览会之前，政府进行了严
格的审查和批准程序。”)
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