http://supreme.justia.com/us/471/1/case.html
简单翻译一下判例
A Tennessee statute provides that, if, after a police officer has given
notice of an intent to arrest a criminal suspect, the suspect flees or
forcibly resists, "the officer may use all the necessary means to effect the
arrest.
田纳西的法令规定如果警官在发出警告后嫌犯依然逃跑或强行抵抗警官可以用所有
必要手段加以逮捕
" Acting under the authority of this statute, a Memphis police officer
shot and killed appellee-respondent Garner's son as, after being told to
halt, the son fled over a fence at night in the backyard of a house he was
suspected of burglarizing. The officer used deadly force despite being
"reasonably sure" the suspect was unarmed and thinking that he was 17 or 18
years old, and of slight build.
在这个法令的权力下一个孟菲斯警官开枪射杀了被怀疑窃盗并在警告停止后依然翻越围篱
逃跑的青年
尽管合理的确定嫌犯只有17,8岁也没有武装但是警官仍旧使用了致命的火力
The father subsequently brought an action in
Federal District Court, seeking damages under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for asserted
violations of his son's constitutional rights. The District Court held that
the statute and the officer's actions were constitutional.
孩子的父亲在联邦地区法院上诉侵害他儿子的权利但地区法院法院认为行动合法
The Court of Appeals reversed
上诉法院推翻地区法院的判决
Held: The Tennessee statute is unconstitutional insofar as it authorizes the
use of deadly force against, as in this case, an apparently unarmed,
nondangerous fleeing suspect; such force may not be used unless necessary to
prevent the escape and the officer has probable cause to believe that the
suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the
officer or others. Pp. 497 U. S. 7-22
田纳西法令在授权对这案件下没有武装没有危险性只是逃跑的嫌犯使用致命武力是违宪的
这些武力不能被用在除了防止构成重大死亡威胁的嫌犯或对警官造成严重伤害的人以外
(好饶口 总之是只能用在死亡威胁或警官造成严重伤害)
前两段大致上应该是这样 有翻错请说 我再更改
顺便回一下
再查资料过程中发现警大的资料 其中有一段
原址:http://pa.cpu.edu.tw/ezfiles/9/1009/attach/29/pta_1123_4404145_81477.ppt
检视强制力的运用层级
强力制伏（Pain compliance）:警察在不伤害当事人前提下制伏当事人，例如：以擒拿术
控制当事人行动。
运用装备控制（Impact techniques）:此措施是对付反抗者的作为，但不伤害到性命。例
如：使用警棍。
致命性强制力（Deadly force）:主要是指警察使用枪枝，使用对象是有明显危害他人生
命者或暴力犯逃犯，在不听警察命令时警察得依据法令使用枪械。
强制力有许多层级的 不是只能开枪
说真的 在只是逃跑的时候开枪 不管是哪里看都很诡异
因为怀疑有危险性所以开枪?
那些看到有人逃跑就未卜先知的先知们 请问没有犯罪事实要怎么开枪?
就算要依照用枪条例第四条的
三、依法应逮捕、拘禁之人拒捕、脱逃，或他人助其拒捕、脱逃时。
没有犯罪事实也无法逮捕
刑事诉讼法上规定可以成为逮捕的客体者唯有现行犯及通缉犯，现行犯不问何人得迳行逮
捕之(刑事诉讼法第八十八条第一项)，通缉犯利害关系人亦得逮捕之(刑事诉讼法第八十
七条第二项)
http://lawinfo.lmcc.fju.edu.tw/Lawshow/criminal/cri_arrest.htm