又是一个乱比喻的研究
对车子而言，“电”、“燃油”就是动力转换源，
那么拿“电”、“燃油”来比较动力转换的污染程
度，会得到“电”压倒性赢过“燃油”。
于是，“燃油”派的开始把制造“电”所造成的污
染拉过来与“燃油”转换成动力的污染做比较，然
后沾沾自喜的说，电动车没比较干净。
真是好笑的研究，完全就是燃油派的自慰研究。
以下的报导既然拿生产电能的排碳量做比较标的，
那为何不敢拿出”炼油”所造成的污染来比较呢？
标准的拿有利自己的来唬弄。
就算未来燃油车进化到污染程度与电动车相当，
但是电动车还有一个很大的环保优势：
集中污染源
当污染源能有效的集中，便有利于改善与管控，
这才是目前电动车最大优势。
※ 引述《Scape (缺钙缺很大)》之铭言：
: 来源：
: https://goo.gl/KS6STN
: You'll Need 286 Pounds of Coal to Fuel That Electric Road Trip
: New Yorkers looking to escape the winter chill by driving to Daytona Beach,
: Florida, would use about 40 gallons of gasoline to traverse the 1,000 miles
: in a Chevrolet Impala.
: 纽约人开着Chevrolet Impala 去佛罗里达Daytona 海滩躲避寒冬大概需要40加仑
: 的汽油来行驶1600公里。
:
: Switch that gas guzzler out for an electron-eating EV and the equation
: changes. A Tesla Model S traveling the same distance would need power
: generated by about 2,500 cubic feet of natural gas, 286 pounds of coal or 33
: minutes of blades spinning on a giant offshore wind turbine to make the same
: journey.
: 一辆Tesla Model S 行驶同样的距离大约需要2500立方英呎的天然气、130公斤的煤、
: 或者是大型风力发电机在海上转33分钟来产生电力。
:
: https://i.imgur.com/fiHL4FU.png
: As electric vehicles slowly become a bigger part of the global automobile
: fleet, questions about mileage and fuel efficiency are going to become more
: apposite. While there are multiple variables that can affect electric vehicl
e
: energy consumption, a Bloomberg NEF analysis illustrated some ballpark
: estimates to give drivers a better picture of what’s happening underneath
: the hood.
: 随着电动车逐渐成为全球汽车车队的一个重要组成成分，有关里程和效率的问题
: 将变得更合时宜。虽然有多个变量会影响电动车的能源消耗，但Bloomberg NEF
: 分析显示了一些大概的估计，可以让驾驶更好地了解引擎盖下发生的情况。
:
: Coal
: Taking that same 1,000-mile road trip in an electric vehicle that needs 33
: kilowatt-hours of energy to travel 100 miles, like a Tesla Model S, would
: require about 286 pounds (130 kilograms) of coal to be burned at the local
: power plant. Modern coal plants only convert about 35 percent of the fuel’s
: energy into electricity, and about 10 percent of that electricity could be
: lost as it travels along power lines.
: 煤
: 像Tesla Model S 这样的电动车，需要33kWh 的能量才能行驶160km。进行同样
: 的1600km 公路旅程，大约需要在当地电厂烧掉286磅（130公斤）的煤。现代燃
: 煤电厂只将大约35% 的燃料能量转化为电能，并且当电力沿着电线传输时，可
: 能会损失大约10% 的电力。
:
: Even with all those losses, the electric vehicle road trip is still better
: for the climate than driving a gasoline-powered car. Burning that much coal
: would release about 310 kilograms of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,
: compared with 350 kilograms by the 40 gallons of gasoline. Even though coal
: tends to emit more pollutants than oil for the amount of energy it generates
,
: the efficiency of the electric vehicle, which recharges its battery with
: every brake, more than makes up the difference.
: 即使有这些损失，对气候来说开电动车仍然比驾驶燃油车更好。燃烧这么多的煤
: 会释放大约310公斤的二氧化碳到大气中，相比之下，40加仑汽油会释放350公斤
: 的二氧化碳。尽管煤炭产生的能量往往会比石油排放更多的污染物，但电动车每
: 次刹车回充电池所带来的效率可弥补其差异还有剩余。
:
: Natural Gas
: A natural gas power plant producing the same amount of electricity would nee
d
: to burn about 2,500 cubic feet of the fuel, enough to fill a small apartment
: in Hong Kong or a master bedroom in Dallas. Gas plants are more efficient
: than coal, typically converting about half the fuel’s energy into
: electricity. It’s also much cleaner, emitting just 170 kilograms of carbon
: dioxide for the 1,000-mile journey.
: 天然气
: 天然气发电厂生产同样电能需要燃烧约2500立方英尺的燃料，足以填满香港的
: 小公寓或Dallas 的主卧室。天然气电厂比燃煤电厂更有效率，通常可将燃料的
: 一半能量转化为电能。它也更干净，产生用于1600km 路程的电量仅需排放170
: 公斤的二氧化碳。
:
: Solar
: When it comes to charging electric vehicles with solar power, size matters.
A
: typical 10-kilowatt rooftop array would need about seven days to create
: enough electricity for a 1,000-mile journey, as clouds and darkness mean it
: only operates at about 20 percent of its capacity on an average day.
: 太阳能
: 用太阳能发电来为电动车充电时，尺寸很重要。一个典型的10kW 的屋顶太阳能
: 需要大约7天的时间来为1600km 的旅程创造足够的电力，因为云和黑夜意味着
: 它平均只能以约20% 的发电能力运作。
:
: Scale up to a photovoltaic power station, though, and it would take a matter
: of minutes, not days. At a modest-sized solar field like the 25-megawatt
: DeSoto Next Generation Solar Center in Florida, the average daily output
: would produce enough electricity for a 1,000-mile drive in less than four
: minutes.
: 但扩展到光伏电站，则只需要几分钟而不是几天。像佛罗里达DeSoto 这样新一
: 代的25MW 规模适中的太阳能中心，平均可以在不到4分钟的时间内为1600km 的
: 旅程产生足够的电力。
:
: Wind
: Wind is a similar story, with different sizes of turbines producing differen
t
: amounts of electricity. Take the Vestas V90-2.0 MW, an 80-meter tall behemot
h
: that can be found swirling on the plains of West Texas, among other
: locations. Just one of these turbines, and wind farms are usually planted
: with dozens of them, produces enough electricity in a day to power a
: 1,000-mile trip every 33 minutes.
: 风力
: 风力是一个类似的状况，不同大小的涡轮发电机产生不同的电量。以Vestas
: V90-2.0MW 为例，这是一个80公尺高的庞然大物，可以在德州西部平原以及其
: 他地方看到它在转。在一天内，每33分钟，一个这样的涡轮发电机就能产生足
: 够的电力让电动车行驶1600公里，而风力发电场通常有数十个这样的发电机。
:
: Calculating carbon emissions from wind and solar is a bit trickier. Neither
: emit any carbon dioxide in the course of producing electricity on a daily
: basis. But unless they’re paired with adequate energy storage