＃托福阅读找核心讯息
大家好，我是Chris :) 明天台风来了，请大家注意安全，好好在家里温书喔！
今天跟同学聊聊阅读。同学常在阅读时里读得太细，导致见树不见林，因此，除了你要学
习答题步骤之外，也要学会如何在时间压力之下“筛选资讯”，并且读懂段落的核心概念
，以下提供同学五个方法，在skim的过程当中，能找到段落核心概念，而这个核心讯息便
能帮助你在做六选三总结题时筛选出重点！
Tips: 在看文章之前，请大家可以自行读读看，并且再跟我比较看看喔！
1. 注意一个段落重要的位置：头和尾
有时候在阅读时，中间部分的地方可能会非常细节，资讯量可能会有点太大记不住。然而
，只要记得英文学术文章的逻辑，作者很有可能会在段首或段尾的位置写出本段话的观点
或总结。
来找找看你觉得这段落最重要的句子在哪？
If true, though, why did cold-blooded animals such as snakes, lizards, turtles
, and crocodiles survive the freezing winters and torrid summers? These animal
s are at the mercy of the climate to maintain a livable body temperature. It’
s hard to understand why they would not be affected, whereas dinosaurs were le
ft too crippled to cope, especially if, as some scientists believe, dinosaurs
were warm-blooded. Critics also point out that the shallow seaways had retreat
ed from and advanced on the continents numerous times during the Mesozoic, so
why did the dinosaurs survive the climatic changes associated with the earlier
fluctuations but not with this one? Although initially appealing, the hypothe
sis of a simple climatic change related to sea levels is insufficient to expla
in all the data.
同学有没有注意到这段话的although的"后半子句"，便是文章的重点了！六选三就会
考出来～
2. 注意阅读时不断重复的讯息
请同学思考这里再重复围绕着的概念在哪？
Sensitivity to physical laws is thus an important consideration for the maker
of applied-art objects. It is often taken for granted that this is also true f
or the maker of fine-art objects. This assumption misses a significant differe
nce between the two disciplines. Fine-art objects are not constrained by the l
aws of physics in the same way that applied-art objects are. Because their pri
mary purpose is not functional, they are only limited in terms of the material
s used to make them. Sculptures must, for example, be stable, which requires a
n understanding of the properties of mass, weight distribution, and stress. Pa
intings must have rigid stretchers so that the canvas will be taut, and the pa
int must not deteriorate, crack, or discolor. These are problems that must be
overcome by the artist because they tend to intrude upon his or her conception
of the work.
这段话最重要的讯息就："Applied art 制作要克服physical laws 的问题！"
3. 注意因果关系的结论讯号字
试试看你有没有找到重要的因果关系字眼呢?
Early in his research, Kramer found that caged migratory birds became very res
tless at about the time they would normally have begun migration in the wild.
Furthermore, he noticed that as they fluttered around in the cage, they often
launched themselves in the direction of their normal migratory route. He then
set up experiments with caged starlings and found that their orientation was,
in fact, in the proper migratory direction except when the sky was overcast, a
t which times there was no clear direction to their restless movements. Kramer
surmised, therefore, that they were orienting according to the position of th
e Sun. To test this idea, he blocked their view of the Sun and used mirrors to
change its apparent position. He found that under these circumstances, the bi
rds oriented with respect to the new "Sun." They seemed to be using the Sun as
a compass to determine direction. At the time, this idea seemed preposterous.
How could a bird navigate by the Sun when some of us lose our way with road m
aps? Obviously, more testing was in order.
这段话核心讯息："therefore", that they were orienting according to the pos
ition of the Sun
4. 注意有态度字的地方
试试看阅读时能不能找到maybe/possible/certain/probably 表达语气的词汇
Occasionally one can determine whether stone tools were used in the right hand
or the left, and it is even possible to assess how far back this feature can
be traced. In stone toolmaking experiments, Nick Toth, a right-hander, held th
e core (the stone that would become the tool) in his left hand and the hammer
stone in his right. As the tool was made, the core was rotated clockwise, and
the flakes, removed in sequence, had a little crescent of cortex (the core's o
uter surface) on the side. Toth's knapping produced 56 percent flakes with the
cortex on the right, and 44 percent left-oriented flakes. A left-handed toolm
aker would produce the opposite pattern Toth has applied these criteria to the
similarly made pebble tools from a number of early sites (before 1.5 million
years) at Koobi For a, Kenya, probably made by Homo habilis. At seven sites he
found that 57 percent of the flakes were right-oriented, and 43 percent left,
a pattern almost identical to that produced today.
这段话核心讯息：Occasionally one can determine whether stone tools were us
ed in the right hand or the left, and it is "even possible" to assess how far
back this feature can be traced.
5. 新旧观点的结构，新观点重要！
More recent geologic studies documented deglaciation and the existence of ice-
free areas throughout major coastal areas of British Columbia, Canada, by 13,0
00 years ago. Research now indicates that sizable areas of southeastern Alaska
along the inner continental shelf were not covered by ice toward the end of t
he last Ice Age. One study suggests that except for a 250-mile coastal area be
tween southwestern British Columbia and Washington State, the Northwest Coast
of North America was largely free of ice by approximately 16,000 years ago. Va
st areas along the coast may have been deglaciated beginning around 16,000 yea
rs ago, possibly providing a coastal corridor for the movement of plants, anim
als, and humans sometime between 13,000 and 14,000 years ago.
这段话核心讯息：Research "now" indicates sizable areas of southeastern Ala
ska along the inner continental shelf were not covered by ice toward the end o
f the last Ice Age.
大家有好好练习吗～阅读考试中，很多题目是仰赖文章的主要论点来考你的，比如说目的
题、推论题、总结题。
因此，学会抓到段落的核心概念句，无论是对文章整体的理解上，还是在对这种特定的题
型，都能提高你做答的稳定性喔!
希望今天的分享有帮助大家！
Chris :)
Until then
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