原文标题：
Tesla's autopilot ‘easily tricked’ into driving with nobody in it
特斯拉的自动驾驶“容易被欺骗”导致其中没有人驾驶
原文连结：
https://reurl.cc/MZQbMk
发布时间：
Fri, April 23, 2021, 9:35 PM
原文内容：
Tesla’s self-driving technology can be “easily tricked” to turn on when
nobody is sitting in the driving seat, an issue that could cause havoc if
used on roads, according to a consumers’ group.
Engineers from Consumer Reports found that in a half-mile closed test track,
the Tesla Model Y automatically steered along painted lane lines without any
warning or indication that there was not a driver in the seat.
“In our evaluation, the system not only failed to make sure the driver was
paying attention, but it also couldn’t tell if there was a driver there at
all,” says Jake Fisher, CR’s senior director of auto testing, who conducted
the experiment.
“Tesla is falling behind other automakers like GM and Ford that, on models
with advanced driver assist systems, use technology to make sure the driver
is looking at the road.”
Tesla, has disbanded its press office, did not respond to a request for
comment from The Independent before time of publication.
Tesla’s Autopilot partially automated system can keep a car centred in its
lane, keep a distance from cars in front of it, and can even change lanes on
its own with a driver’s consent. But Tesla has said the driver must be ready
to intervene at all times.
Consumer Reports said that during several trips on its closed tracks with an
empty driver’s seat, its Tesla Model Y automatically steered along painted
lane lines without acknowledging that nobody was at the controls.
In the Consumer Reports test, Fisher said he engaged Autopilot while the car
was in motion on the track, then set the speed dial to zero to stop it.
Fisher then affixed a small, weighted chain on the steering wheel to simulate
the weight of a driver’s hand. He then slid over into the front passenger
seat where he was able to accelerate and decelerate the vehicle.
“The car drove up and down the half-mile lane of our track, repeatedly,
never noting that no one was in the driver’s seat, never noting that there
was no one touching the steering wheel, never noting there was no weight on
the seat,” Fisher said. “It was a bit frightening when we realized how easy
it was to defeat the safeguards, which we proved were clearly insufficient.”
Consumer Reports noted the test was performed on its closed track and that “
under no circumstances should anyone try” to duplicate it.
"Let me be clear: Anyone who uses Autopilot on the road without someone in
the driver seat is putting themselves and others in imminent danger," Fisher
said.
Consumer Reports’ test came just days after a Tesla crashed in Texas killing
the two men in the car. Authorities say neither of the men were in the driver
’s seat at the time of the crash.
The Tesla that crashed outside of Houston over the weekend was a Model S, but
also had an Autopilot function.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the National
Transportation Safety Board (NHTSA) are in the early stages of an
investigation into the Texas crash. Local authorities said one man was found
in the passenger seat, while another was in the back. The car veered off the
road, crashed into a tree and burst into flames, authorities said.
Investigators should be able to determine whether the Tesla’s Autopilot
system was in use.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk said on Twitter Monday that data logs “recovered so far”
show Autopilot wasn’t turned on in the Texas crash, and “Full Self-Driving
” was not purchased for the vehicle. He did not respond to reporters’
questions posted on Twitter.
In the past, NHTSA, which has authority to regulate automakers and seek
recalls for defective vehicles, has taken a hands-off approach to regulating
partial and fully automated systems for fear of hindering development of
promising new features.
But since March, the agency has stepped up inquiries into Tesla, dispatching
teams to three crashes. It has investigated 28 Tesla crashes in the past few
years, but thus far has relied on voluntary safety compliance from auto and
tech companies.
Additional reporting by Associated Press
机翻如下：
据一个消费者组织称，特斯拉的自动驾驶技术可以 "轻易地被欺骗"，在没有人坐在驾驶
座上的情况下开启，如果在道路上使用，这个问题可能会造成严重的破坏。
消费者报告》的工程师发现，在一个半英里的封闭测试轨道上，特斯拉Model Y自动沿着
画好的车道线转向，没有任何警告或指示，座位上没有司机。
"在我们的评估中，该系统不仅未能确保司机的注意力，而且也无法判断是否有司机在那
里，"进行该实验的CR汽车测试高级主管Jake Fisher说。
"特斯拉正在落后于其他汽车制造商，如通用汽车和福特汽车，这些汽车制造商在拥有高
级驾驶辅助系统的车型上，使用技术来确保司机在看路。"
特斯拉已经解散了其新闻办公室，在发稿前没有回应《独立报》的评论请求。
特斯拉的Autopilot部分自动驾驶系统可以使汽车在其车道上保持中心位置，与前面的汽
车保持距离，甚至可以在司机的同意下自行改变车道。但特斯拉表示，司机必须随时准备
进行干预。
消费者报告》说，在封闭的轨道上，在驾驶座上没有人的情况下，特斯拉Y型车自动沿着
画好的车道线转向，而不承认没有人在控制。
在《消费者报告》的测试中，费舍尔说，当汽车在轨道上行驶时，他启动了自动驾驶系统
，然后将速度拨盘调至零，使其停止。然后，费舍尔在方向盘上贴了一个小的重物链，以
模拟驾驶员的手的重量。然后他滑到前排乘客座位上，在那里他能够对车辆进行加速和减
速。
"汽车在我们赛道的半英里车道上开来开去，反反复复，从来没有注意到驾驶座上没有人
，从来没有注意到没有人触摸方向盘，从来没有注意到座位上没有重量，"费希尔说。"当
我们意识到击败保障措施是多么容易时，这有点令人害怕，我们证明这些保障措施显然是
不够的。"
消费者报告》指出，该测试是在其封闭的轨道上进行的，"在任何情况下，任何人都不应
该尝试 "复制它。
"费舍尔说："让我说清楚：任何人在没有人坐在驾驶座上的情况下在道路上使用自动驾驶
仪，都是将自己和他人置于紧迫的危险之中。
消费者报告》的测试是在一辆特斯拉在德克萨斯州坠毁后几天进行的，车上的两名男子死
亡。当局说，车祸发生时，这两名男子都不在驾驶座上。
上周末在休斯顿郊外坠毁的特斯拉是一辆S型车，但也有自动驾驶功能。
国家公路交通安全管理局和国家运输安全委员会（NHTSA）正在对德克萨斯州的车祸进行
早期调查。当地政府表示，一名男子被发现坐在副驾驶座上，另一名男子则在后排。当局
说，这辆车偏离了道路，撞上了一棵树，并燃起了大火。
调查人员应该能够确定特斯拉的自动驾驶系统是否在使用。
特斯拉CEO埃隆-马斯克(Elon Musk)周一在Twitter上说，"目前恢复的 "资料记录显示，
在德克萨斯州的车祸中，自动驾驶系统并没有开启，而且该车也没有购买 "完全自动驾驶
"。他没有回应记者在Twitter上发布的问题。
过去，NHTSA有权监管汽车制造商并寻求召回有缺陷的车辆，但由于担心阻碍有前途的新
功能的开发，NHTSA对监管部分和完全自动驾驶系统采取了不干涉的态度。
但自3月以来，该机构已经加强了对特斯拉的调查，并派出小组调查三起车祸。在过去几
年中，该机构已经调查了28起特斯拉车祸，但迄今为止，该机构一直依赖汽车和科技公司
的自愿安全合规。
美联社的补充报导
心得/评论：
即使特斯拉的辩护者可以说这是驾驶自愿进行的违规行为
但是世界各国的车用安全规则是非常保守的
特别面对新生事务的管理更会用非常严苛的标准进行检视
面对这些严苛的检视也是挑战者的义务，没有抱怨的权利
比较好一点的状况是特斯拉透过线上更新来加强
但是可能会牵涉到车内监视器的监视争议
最糟情况是召回，虽然这种情况发生的机率很低就是了