※ [本文转录自 SLG 看板 #1JYlMHCK ]
作者: o07608 (无良记者) 看板: SLG
标题: [翻译] 文明帝国5 台湾MOD文件翻译
时间: Sun Jun 1 17:42:38 2014
感谢swattw板友的赏识及THC13板友的推荐，让我有机会接触到这篇文件
翻译难度并不高，不过这样我Endless Space的翻译进度又要拖了阿阿阿
希望大家能对我的翻译多多批评指教，感谢
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
文明帝国5翻译
<Civilopedia>高砂义勇队
Takasago Volunteers were volunteer soldiers in the Imperial Japanese Army,
recruited from the Taiwanese aboriginal tribes during World War II.
高砂义勇队是第二次世界大战时大日本帝国陆军中的志愿军，由台湾原住民中招募而来。
After the annexation of Taiwan as a result of First Sino-Japanese War in
1894, the Japanese government pursued a policy of cultural assimilation,
directed especially towards the various groups of Taiwanese aborigines. The
Imperial Japanese Army had interest in the use of Taiwanese aborigines in
special forces operations, as they were viewed more physically capable to
operate in the tropical and sub-tropical regions in Southeast Asia than
ethnic Japanese, and, coming from a hunter-gatherer culture, would be able to
operate with minimal logistics support.
在1894甲午战争后，台湾被日本并吞。日本政府的治理方针是同化政策，特别是针对各种
不同的台湾原住民。大日本帝国陆军对台湾原住民很感兴趣，打算把他们用在特定的作战
上，因为他们被认为比日本人更能适应东南亚的热带及亚热带地区，而且他们以狩猎及采
集为根本的文化能够使后勤支出最小化。
The Japanese military recruited many young men from friendly tribes into
service shortly before the start of World War II. The total number was
confidential and estimates on the numbers recruited range from 1800 to 5000
men. Training was under the direction of officers from the Nakano School,
which specialized in insurgency and guerilla warfare. Initially assigned to
transport and supply units, as the war condition progressively deteriorated
for Imperial Japanese forces, the Takasago Volunteers were sent to front line
as combat troops. Units consisting entirely of "Takasago Volunteers" served
with distinction in the Philippines, Netherlands East Indies, Solomon Islands
and New Guinea, where they fought against Americans and Australians forces
even before Taiwanese volunteers were recruited into service.
日本军队在二战之前就从与他们友好的部落招募了许多年轻人做短期服务。整体数字是机
密，估计大概在1800到5000人之间。他们由陆军中野学校的军官指挥训练，主要训练内容
为暴动战（译注：求更好的翻法）及游击战。高砂义勇军原本只是运输和后勤单位，但随
著战况对大日本帝国陆军日益艰困，他们也被送到前线作为战斗部队。这只完全由“高砂
义勇军”组成的部队在菲律宾、荷属东印度群岛、所罗门群岛和新几内亚都有杰出的表现
，甚至在台湾志愿者开始被招募入军之前，他们就已经在这些地方和美军和澳军队抗了。
<Strategy>
The Takasago Volunteer replaces the infantry unit. Unlike the infantry, this
unit has double movement in Jungle and starts with Survivalism I, allowing
the unit to heal and defend better.
高砂义勇军取代了步兵。与步兵不同，这些单位在丛林有两倍的移动速度，并从生存主义
1（译注：大概是游戏术语，这是要逼我去买文明5吗OAO）开始，使他们能够更好的治疗
及防御。
<Help>
Double movement in Jungle and starts with Survivalism I.
丛林内两倍移动速度，及从生存主义1开始
<Civilopedia>茶馆
A tea house or tea room is an establishment which primarily serves tea and
other light refreshments. Although its function varies widely depending on
the culture, tea houses often serve as centers of social interaction. Some
cultures have a variety of distinct tea-centered houses or parlors that all
qualify under the English language term "tea house" or "tea room."
茶馆，或者茶室，这种设施最早是提供茶及其他小茶点的地方。尽管茶馆的机能随着文化
而千变万化，但它总是会成为社会交流的中心。有些文化会有各式各样专门替茶会准备的
屋子或房间，完全符合英文中的”tea house”或”tea room”。
Taiwanese tea culture includes tea arts, traditional tea ceremonies, and the
social aspects of tea consumption. While the most common teas consumed in
Taiwan are oolongs (especially Taiwanese oolongs such as Iron Goddess and
Alpine Oolong), Puers, black teas and green teas are also popular. Many of
the classical arts can be seen in the tea culture, such as calligraphy,
flower arts, and incense arts. Most people in Taiwan drink tea, and tea
serves not only as a drink, but also as a part of the culture. The tea
culture of Taiwan can be traced back to its roots in Chinese tea culture.
Many people visit one of the numerous traditional teahouses or "tea-arts"
shops, located all over Taiwan.
台湾人的茶文化包括茶艺术、传统茶祭典及融入社会的茶消费。虽然台湾最常喝的茶是乌
龙茶（特别是台湾特有种，像是铁观音《译注：铁观音的英文是Iron Goddess，我好想翻
译成钢铁女神阿阿阿》和高山乌龙茶），但普洱、红茶和绿茶也很普遍。茶文化中能看到
许多传统艺术，像是书法、花画和香学。许多台湾人都会喝茶，茶不仅是一种饮料，而是
文化的一部分。许多人都会拜访遍布全台湾的茶馆或“茶艺术”店铺。
<Strategy>
The Traditional Tea House replaces the Garden. +25% [ICON_GREAT_PEOPLE] Great
People generation in this City. 5% more [ICON_GOLD] Gold from nearby terrain
(in all Cities).
传统茶馆取代了花园。（译注：后面都是游戏术语）
<Help>
+25% [ICON_GREAT_PEOPLE] Great People generation in this City. +5%
[ICON_GOLD] Gold from terrain. City must be built next to a River or Lake.
（译注：都是游戏术语）
<Text>
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China, is a state in East Asia. Originally
based in mainland China, the Republic of China now governs the island of
Taiwan (formerly known as "Formosa"), which makes up over 99% of its
territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands.
Neighboring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan
to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Taipei is the
political capital as well as economic and cultural centre in Taiwan.
台湾（官方名称是中华民国）是位于东亚的一个国家。中华民国原本是在中国主领土，现
在则统治台湾岛（常被称作“福尔摩沙”）、澎湖、金门、马祖和其他小岛，其中台湾岛
占了该政府超过99%的领土。邻近国家包括西方的中华人民共和国、东北方的日本及南边
的菲律宾。台北市是台湾的首都，同时也是经济及文化的中心（译注：我可以战南北吗XD
）。
The island of Taiwan was mainly inhabited by Taiwanese aborigines until the
Dutch period in the 17th century when ethnic Chinese began immigrating to the
island. The Qing Dynasty of China later conquered Taiwan in 1683. By the time
Taiwan was ceded to Japan in 1895, the majority of Taiwan's inhabitants were
Han Chinese either by ancestry or by assimilation. The Republic of China
(ROC) was established in China in 1912. At the end of World War II in 1945,
Japan surrendered Taiwan to ROC military forces on behalf of the Allies.
Following the Chinese civil war, the Communist Party of China took full
control of mainland China and founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) in
1949. The ROC relocated its government to Taiwan, and its jurisdiction became
limited to Taiwan and its surrounding islands. In 1971, the PRC assumed
China's seat at the United Nations, which the ROC originally occupied.
International recognition of the ROC has gradually eroded as most countries
switched recognition to the PRC. Only 22 UN member states and the Holy See
currently maintain formal diplomatic relations with the ROC, though it has
informal ties with most other states via its representative offices.
台湾岛原本由台湾原住民居住，直到荷兰人在17世纪主政此地，此时华人开始移民到这座
岛上。在1683年时，中国的清帝国占据了台湾，之后在1895年时台湾被割让给日本。台湾
的主要族群是汉人。中华民国在1912年建立于中国大陆，在1945年二次大战结束后，日本
把台湾交给代表同盟军的中华民国军队。随着中国内战，中国共产党控制了整个中国本土
并在1949建立了中华人民共和国。中华民国把政府迁到台湾，而其主权仅限于台湾岛及其
周遭小岛。在1971年时，中华人民共和国取代中华民国在联合国的席位，中华民国受到的
国际承认开始变弱，因为大部分国家转而承认中华人民共和国，只有22个联合国成员和梵
蒂冈与中华民国保持官方外交关系，不过该国与大部分其他国家透过各地代表处保持着非
官方关系。
During the latter half of the 20th century, Taiwan experienced rapid economic
growth and industrialization and is now an advanced industrial economy. In
the 1980s and early 1990s, Taiwan evolved into a multi-party democracy with
universal suffrage. Taiwan is one of the Four Asian Tigers and a member of
the WTO and APEC. The 19th-largest economy in the world, its advanced
technology industry plays a key role in the global economy. Taiwan is ranked
highly in terms of freedom of the press, health care, public education,
economic freedom, and human development.
在20世纪后半，台湾的经济和工业化有显著的成长，目前是个先进的工业经济体。在1980
年代及1990年代早期，台湾透过全国性投票成为了一个多党制民主国家。台湾是亚洲四小
龙之一以及WTO和APEC的成员国、世界上第十九大经济体，该国先进的高科技工业在全球
经济扮演关键角色（译注：这几年前的资料了？）。台湾在新闻自由、健保、国民教育、
经济自由及人类发展上排名很高。
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIV5_TAIWAN_HEADING_2">
<Text>地理</Text>
The island of Taiwan lies some 180 kilometres (110 mi) off the southeastern
coast of mainland China, which lies across the Taiwan Strait, and has an area
of 35,883 km2 (13,855 sq mi). The East China Sea lies to the north, the
Philippine Sea to the east, the Luzon Strait directly to the south and the
South China Sea to the southwest. The shape of the main island of Taiwan is
similar to a sweet potato seen in a south-to-north direction, and therefore,
Taiwanese, especially the Min-nan division, often call themselves "children
of the Sweet Potato."
台湾岛位于离中国大陆东南方海岸大约180公里（110英哩）远的地方，中间隔着台湾海峡
，面积35883平方公里（13855平方英哩）。东海在其北方、菲律宾海在其东方、巴士海峡
在其南方、南海在其西南方。以南北方向来看的话，该岛长得很像颗蕃薯。因此台湾人，
特别是闽南人，总是叫他们自己“蕃薯之子”（译注：我还满想知道有谁这样叫过自己的
？）
The island is characterized by the contrast between the eastern two-thirds,
consisting mostly of rugged mountains running in five ranges from the
northern to the southern tip of the island, and the flat to gently rolling
Chianan Plains in the west that are also home to most of Taiwan's population.
Taiwan's highest point is Yu Shan (Jade Mountain) at 3,952 metres (12,966
ft), and there are five other peaks over 3,500 m (11,500 ft). This makes it
the world's fourth-highest island.
该岛有三分之二都是高低起伏的山脉，靠着东边从北到南分布在五个区域。西部有个名为
嘉南平原的平坦区域，同时也是大部分台湾人的居住区。台湾的最高点是玉山，有3952公
尺（12966英呎）高，此外还有五座超过3500公尺（11500英呎）的高山，使台湾成为世界
上第四高的岛。
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_KOXINGA_HEADING_1">
<Text>历史</Text>
Koxinga is the customary Western spelling of the popular appellation of Zheng
Chenggong, a Chinese military leader who was born in 1624 in Hirado, Japan to
the Chinese merchant/pirate Zheng Zhilong and his Japanese wife, and died in
1662 on the Island of Formosa (Taiwan). A Ming loyalist and the chief
commander of the Ming troops on the maritime front for the later emperors of
the withering dynasty, Koxinga devoted the last 16 years of his life to
resisting the conquest of China by the Manchus.
Koxinga（国姓爷）是郑成功的西方通俗拼法。这个人是一个中国军事家，1624年生于日
本平户市，1662死于福尔摩沙岛（台湾）。父亲是中国的商人兼海盗．郑芝龙，母亲是日
本人。郑成功是大明王朝的贵族，同时也是明朝海军的前线指挥官，他为了这个逐渐凋零
的王朝的最后几任皇帝，奉献生命中最后的16年抵抗由满族领导的中国大陆的侵略。
Upon defeating the forces of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) on Formosa in
his last campaign in 1661–1662, Koxinga took over the island in order to
support his grand campaign against the Manchu-ruled Qing dynasty. After
Koxinga's death, his son and successor, Zheng Jing, gradually became the
ruler of an independent Kingdom of Tungning, the first Chinese state to rule
the island.
郑成功的最后一场战役是在1661-1662年间击败荷属东印度公司在台湾的军队，之后他占
领了这座岛以支撑他为了对抗满清王朝的宏图。在郑成功去世后，他的儿子及继承者．郑
经逐渐成为一个独立国家的君王，这个国家名为东宁，同时也是第一个统治该岛的国家。
In 1644, Beijing fell to rebels led by Li Zicheng and the Chongzhen Emperor
hanged himself on a tree at modern-day Jingshan Park in Beijing. Manchu
armies aided by Wu Sangui's forces defeated the rebels and took the city. The
Ming remnant forces retreated to Nanjing where the Prince Fu ascended to the
throne as the Hongguang Emperor. The next year, the Manchu armies led by Dodo
advanced south and conquered Yangzhou and Nanjing while the Ming leader
defending Yangzhou, Shi Kefa, was killed. The Hongguang Emperor was captured
and executed.
1644年，北京被李自成的流寇攻陷，崇祯皇帝把自己挂在现今景山公园里的一棵树上。满
清军队获得吴三桂的协助，击败了反抗势力并占据了北京。明朝的残余军队撤退到南京，
福王在此登基，是为弘光帝。隔年，由多铎率领的满清军队南侵并攻陷了扬州及南京，扬
州的明朝守将史可法被杀，弘光帝被捕后处死。
In 1645, Prince Tang was installed on the throne as the Longwu Emperor with
support from Zheng Zhilong and his family. The Longwu Emperor established his
court in Fuzhou, which was controlled by the Zhengs. In the later part of the
year, another Ming Prince Lu proclaimed himself as Regent in Shaoxing and
established his own court there. Although Prince Lu and Longwu's regimes
stemmed from the same dynasty, both of them pursued different goals. It was
due to the natural defences of Fujian and the military resources of the Zheng
family, that the emperor was able to remain safe for some time.
1645年，唐王在郑芝龙及他的家族的协助下登基，是为隆武帝。隆武帝在福州建立他的朝
廷，实际上是由郑氏家族所控制。该年稍后，另外一个明朝皇室．鲁王在绍兴宣布登基并
在此地建立他的政权。尽管鲁王和隆武帝都是出自同一个王朝，但他们追求的却是不一样
的目标。因为福建拥有防御上的地利，且有郑氏家族的军事力量罩着，因此隆武帝能暂时
安稳无忧。
In 1646, Koxinga first led the Ming armies to resist the Manchurian invaders
and won the favour of the Longwu Emperor. The Longwu Emperor's reign in
Fuzhou was brief, as Zheng Zhilong refused to support his plans for a
counter-offensive against the rapidly-expanding forces of the
newly-established Qing Dynasty by the Manchus. Zheng Zhilong ordered the
defending general to retreat and Zhilong retreated as well, leaving the
Longwu Emperor alone to defend. He was captured and killed by the Qing forces.
1646年，郑成功第一次领导明朝军队抵抗满清的入侵，并赢得了隆武帝的喜爱。隆武帝在
福州的统治很短暂，而且郑芝龙又拒绝援助他抵抗刚成立不久的满清的快速扩张。郑芝龙
命令正在防御的将军撤退，他自己也撤退了，而把隆武帝一个人留下来孤军奋战。隆武帝
最后被清朝抓住并杀死。
Zheng Zhilong surrended in 1646 to the Qing and Koxinga's mother refused and
eventually committed suicide.
郑芝龙在1646年投降清朝，但郑成功的母亲拒绝投降并最后自杀。
By 1650, Koxinga was strong enough to establish himself as the head of the
Zheng family. He pledged allegiance to the only remaining claimant to the
throne of the Ming Dynasty, the Yongli Emperor. The Yongli Emperor was
fleeing from the Manchus in south-western China with a motley court and
hastily assembled army at the time. Despite one fruitless attempt, Koxinga
was unable to do anything to aid the last Ming emperor. Instead, he decided
to concentrate on securing his own position on the southeast coast.
1650年时，郑成功已经强大到足以统率整个郑家。他对整个明朝仅存的皇室．永历帝宣誓
效忠，当时永历帝和一班杂七杂八的朝臣们坐船从满清手上逃到中国西南方，并仓促的招
募兵力中。尽管做了一次无益的尝试，郑成功仍无法做任何事情来帮助明朝的最后一个皇
帝，他反而决定要专注于保住自己在东南海岸的地位。
Koxinga enjoyed a series of military successes in 1651 and 1652 that
increased the Qing government's anxiety over the threat he posed. The fight
carried out massacre in Zhangzhou. Zheng Zhilong wrote a letter to his son
from Beijing, presumably at the request of the Shunzhi Emperor and the Qing
government, urging his son to negotiate with the Manchurians. The long series
of negotiations between Koxinga and the Qing Dynasty lasted until November
1654. The Qing government appointed Prince Jidu (son of Jirgalang) to lead an
attack on Koxinga's territory after the failed negotiations. The Manchu (Qing
Dynasty) lost a large part of their fleet to a major storm in 1656, allowing
Koxinga to capture several islands.
郑成功在1651到1652年间获得了一系列的军事胜利，清朝对他的焦虑甚至大过了他本身的
实力，这些战斗后来造成漳州的大屠杀。之后郑芝龙在据说是清朝的顺治帝的要求下，从
北京写了封信他儿子，要他和满清谈判。郑成功和清朝的一系列谈判一直持续到1654年秋
天，后来清朝在谈判破裂后派遣济度王子（济尔哈朗亲王的儿子）攻击郑成功的领土。满
清在1656年的风暴中失去了大部分的船舰，使得郑成功多抢了好几座岛屿。
In 1661, Koxinga led his troops on a landing at Lu'ermen to attack the Dutch
colonists in Taiwan. On 1 February 1662, the Dutch Governor of Taiwan,
Frederik Coyett, surrendered Fort Zeelandia to Koxinga. During the siege,
Koxinga's life was saved by a certain Hans Jurgen Radis of Stockaert, a Dutch
defector who strongly advised him against visiting the overrun ramparts,
which he knew would be blown up by the retreating Dutch forces. In the peace
treaty, Koxinga was styled "Lord Teibingh Tsiante Teysiancon Koxin". This
effectively ended 38 years of Dutch rule on Taiwan. Koxinga then devoted
himself to transforming Taiwan into a military base for loyalists who wanted
to restore the Ming Dynasty. Koxinga controlled a considerable area, which
included some of mainland China's coast. However, Koxinga died of malaria at
the age of 37. This marked the decline of the newly established Kingdom of
Tungning, founded by Koxinga.
1661年，郑成功带领他的军队从鹿耳门登陆并攻击荷兰人在台湾的殖民地。在1662年2月1
号，台湾的荷兰总督揆一把热兰遮城交给郑成功。在围城期间，一个来自Stockaert的德
藉中士Hans Jurgen Radis强烈建议郑成功不要去参访被攻下来的堡垒，因为他知道该堡
垒会被撤退的荷兰守军爆破，从而拯救了郑成功的性命。在和平条约中，郑成功被称作“
大明招讨大将军国姓殿下”，这份条约有效终止了荷兰在台湾的38年治理。郑成功之后投
入到把台湾转为一个反清复明的军事基地的工作中。郑成功控制相当大的地区，包括中国
大陆的一些海岸地区。然而，郑成功在37岁时死于疟疾，这也代表着东宁．这个由郑成功
新建立的王国的衰落。
</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_KOXINGA_LIVED">
<Text>西元1624-1662</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_KOXINGA_NAME">
<Text>“国姓爷”郑成功</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_KOXINGA_SUBTITLE">
<Text>台湾的元首</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_KOXINGA_TITLES_1">
<Text>受赐国姓的王侯</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_KOXINGA_TITLES_2">
<Text>延平郡王</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_SUN_YAT-SEN_HEADING_1">
<Text>历史</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_SUN_YAT-SEN_TEXT_1">
<Text>
Dr. Sun Yat-sen was a Chinese revolutionary, first president and founding
father of the Republic of China ("Nationalist China"). As the foremost
pioneer of Republic of China, Sun is referred to as the "Father of the
Nation" in the Republic of China (ROC), and the "forerunner of democratic
revolution" in the People's Republic of China. Sun played an instrumental
role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty during the years leading up to the
Double Ten Revolution. Although he was in St. Louis, Missouri at the time, he
was appointed to serve as president of the Provisional Republic of China,
when it was founded in 1912. He later co-founded the Kuomintang (KMT),
serving as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China,
and remains unique among 20th-century Chinese politicians for being widely
revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait.
孙中山医生是一个中国革命家、中华民国（“中华民族”）的第一个总统及开国元老。作
为中华民国的先驱，孙逸仙被当做是中华民国的“国父”及中华人民共和国的“中国近代
民主革命的伟大先行者”。孙中山在领导推翻满清的活动中起了很大的作用，一直到武昌
起义。尽管他当时是在密苏里州的圣路易斯市，他仍被推举为在1912年建立的中华民国临
时政府的总统。他之后参与建立了国民党并成为第一任党主席。在中国的后帝国时代，孙
中山是一个能够联合众人的象征。在所有20世纪的中国政治家中，他也受到台湾海峡两岸
的人民尊敬而成为一个独特的存在。
Although Sun is considered one of the greatest leaders of modern China, his
political life was one of constant struggle and frequent exile. After the
success of the revolution, he quickly fell out of power in the newly founded
Republic of China, and led successive revolutionary governments as a
challenge to the warlords who controlled much of the nation. Sun did not live
to see his party consolidate its power over the country during the Northern
Expedition. His party, which formed a fragile alliance with the Communists,
split into two factions after his death. Sun's chief legacy resides in his
developing of the political philosophy known as the Three Principles of the
People: nationalism, democracy, and the people's livelihood.
尽管孙中山被认为是现代中国最伟大的领导者之一，他的政治生涯经常遇到挫折，且常常
流亡海外。在革命成功后，他迅速离开新成立的中华民国的权力中心，并领导已成功的革
命政府挑战其他控制着国家大多数地区的军阀们。孙中山并没有活这看到他的党透过北伐
统一全国的势力。他的党与共产党组成了一个脆弱的联盟，并在他死后分裂成两边。孙中
山最主要的遗产在于他发展出的政治哲学，以三民主义：民族主义、民权主义和民生主义
知名。
</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_SUN_YAT-SEN_LIVED">
<Text>西元1866 - 1925 </Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_SUN_YAT-SEN_NAME">
<Text>孙中山</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_SUN_YAT-SEN_SUBTITLE">
<Text>台湾的元首</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_SUN_YAT-SEN_TITLES_1">
<Text>革命先驱</Text>
</Row>
<Row Tag="TXT_KEY_CIVILOPEDIA_LEADERS_SUN_YAT-SEN_TITLES_2">
<Text>中华民国临时大总统</Text>