[试题] 109-2 傅皓政 逻辑 期中考

楼主: divestar (凯西)   2021-04-20 00:23:38
课程名称︰逻辑
课程性质︰A4通识
课程教师︰傅皓政
开课学院:
开课系所︰
考试日期(年月日)︰2021/4/19
考试时限(分钟):90分钟
■请按题号顺序作答于答案卷上(Answer all questions on answer sheet provided)
试题 :
一、请建构命题逻辑语言(提示:包括符号与形构规则两个部分)。(10%)
(Construct a suitable language for propositional logic.
Hint: two parts involved, alphabets and formation rules.)
二、请判断下列句式哪些是合宜的句式?哪些是不合宜的句式?(10%)
(Please consider the following formulae and distinguish the well-formed formulae from ill-formed ones.)
(a) ┐A∩┐B→C (b) M┐NL (c) →S)) (d) (┐P∪(Q∩┐R))∩R) (e) (┐A∩A)∪(B∪┐B)
(f) H┐<-> K (g) (L<->M)∩(M→N) (h) (B→(┐C∩┐B))∩D<->C (i) ┐R∩ (j) ┐┐G→H
合宜的句式:______________________
不合宜的句式:____________________
三、请判断下列陈述的真假,并且分别以T与F代表“真”与“假”。(10%)
(Please judge the following statesments which are true or false.
Notice, please use the symbols "T" and "F" which stand for true and false statesments respectively.)
___1.若某论证所有前提实际上为假,该论证一定是无效论证。
___2.若某论证的所有前提与结论一致,该论证可能是无效论证。
___3.结论是矛盾句的论证一定是无效论证。
___4.在前提中出现恒真句的论证一定是有效论证。
___5.若某论证的所有前提与结论不可能同时为真,该论证一定是无效论证。
___6.若某论证的所有前提一致,该论证一定是有效论证。
___7.结论为偶真句的论证可能是无效论证。
___8.若某论证所有前提实际上为真,且结论实际上为真,该论证可能是无效论证。
___9.在前提中出现矛盾句的论证,可能是无效论证。
___10.若某论证的所有前提实际上为真,且结论实际上为假,该论证可能是有效论证。
四、请以真值表法判断下列句式那些是恒真句、矛盾句或者是偶真句。注意:必须列出演算过程。(15%)
(Using truth table method shows that each of the following formulae is tautology, contradiction, or indeterminated formula.
Note: Computational process is required.)
(a) (H<->K)∩(┐K<->H)
(b) ((P∩Q)→R)→(Q→((P∩Q)→R))
(c) T∪(S→┐S)
五、请判断下列各题中的两个句式之间是蕴涵或是等值关系。
如果是蕴涵关系,以φ╞ψ表示;若为等值关系,则以╞φ<->ψ表示,必须列出演算过程。(15%)
(Use the designate method to determine the semantic relation between the following formulae.
If the entailment relation holds then show them of the form φ╞ψ. On the other hand, show them of the form ╞φ<->ψ if they are equivalent.
Computational process is required.)
(a) P→(Q→P);(┐P<->Q)∪(┐Q<->P)
(b) (A∩B)∪(A∩C);A∩(B∪C)
(c) M∪N;M∩(N→┐N)
六、请以真值树法证明下列语法序列是否为有效论证,若为无效论证请显示其反例结构。(20%)
(Please use tableaux system to prove whether each of the following argument is valid. And specify a counterexample if it is invalid.)
(a) (P∩┐(Q∩R))→S , Q∪┐S , ┐R ├ Q
(b) P→(Q→R) , S→(Q∩P) , ┐R ├ ┐S
七、请写出等值于真值表中语句φ的DNF及CNF。(20%)
(Find out the DNF and CNF each which is equivalent to the following formulae φ.)
(a)
────────
L│M│N│φ
────────
T│T│T│T
T│T│F│F
T│F│T│F
T│F│F│F
F│T│T│F
F│T│F│T
F│F│T│T
F│F│F│T
(b)
────────
A│B│C│φ
────────
T│T│T│F
T│T│F│T
T│F│T│T
T│F│F│F
F│T│T│F
F│T│F│T
F│F│T│F
F│F│F│F

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