※ [本文转录自 Gossiping 看板 #1Nd_WQeg ]
作者: czqs2000 (青山) 看板: Gossiping
标题: [新闻] 美国的南海外交策略貌似已经失败
时间: Tue Aug 2 09:32:07 2016
1.媒体来源:
路透社
2.完整新闻标题:
U.S. diplomatic strategy on South China Sea appears to founder
美国的南海外交策略貌似已经失败
3.完整新闻内文:
In the lead-up to an international court ruling on China's claims in the Sou
th China Sea this month, United States officials talked about rallying a coa
lition to impose "terrible" costs to Beijing's international reputation if f
louted the court's decision.
在国际法庭仲裁中国南海主张之前，美国官员这个月谈到，如果中国藐视国际法庭的决
定，美国将召集联盟对中国施加压力，让其付出国际形象受损的代价。
But just two weeks after the July 12 announcement by the Permanent Court of
Arbitration in The Hague - which at least on paper, appeared to be a humilia
ting defeat for China - the U.S. strategy appears to be unraveling and the c
ourt's ruling is in danger of becoming irrelevant.
但是就在2周后，7月12日，海牙国际常设仲裁法庭宣布结果-至少在理论上中国遭到了耻
辱的失败-美国的战略好像明确了，法庭的裁决处在不痛不痒的境地。
Earlier this year, U.S. officials spoke repeatedly of the need for countries
in the Asia-Pacific region and elsewhere, including the European Union, to
make it clear that the decision of the court should be binding.
早些时候，美国官员反复谈到，亚太地区的国家和任何其他国家包括欧盟有必要澄清法
庭的决定的约束力。
"We need to be ready to be very loud and vocal, in harmony together ... to s
ay that this is international law, this is incredibly important, it is bindi
ng on all parties," Amy Searight, the then-U.S. deputy assistant secretary o
f defense for South and Southeast Asia, said in February.
“我们需要准备非常大声和直言不讳得……说：国际法非常重要，并且在任何地方都有
约束力。”时任美国国防部东亚和东南亚事务助理部长Amy Searight在二月份说。
Then in April, U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Antony Blinken said China risk
ed "terrible" damage to its reputation if it ignored The Hague's ruling.
四月份美国副国务卿Antony Blxen说中国如果忽略海牙的仲裁，就将会冒着其国际声誉
受损的危险。
The top lawyer from the Philippines, which brought the case against China, e
ven said Beijing risked "outlaw" status.
接手针对中国诉讼案的菲律宾高级律师，说北京冒着“非法”的风险。
The United States had backed Manila's case on the grounds that China's claim
s to 85 percent of the South China Sea, one of the world's busiest trade rou
tes, were a threat to freedom of navigation and international law.
美国支持马尼拉的立场，中国声称世界最繁忙的航道之一，南中国海的85%属于中国，这
威胁了海上航行自由和国际法。
Yet after the international court rejected Beijing's position, the U.S. call
s for a united front appear to have made little headway, with only six count
ries joining Washington in insisting that the decision should be binding.
尽管在国际仲裁庭拒绝了北京的立场之后，由美国带头形成了联合阵线。但似乎他们少
有进展，只有6个国家加入华盛顿方面，坚持要中国服从仲裁结果。
They include the Philippines, but not several other countries with their own
claims to parts of the South China Sea that might benefit if Beijing observ
ed the decision.
其中包括了菲律宾，但没有包括其他在南海上也声称主权的国家。如果北京方面服从仲
裁结果，那些国家可能也将从中获利。
China also scored a major diplomatic victory earlier this week, when the Ass
ociation of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) dropped any reference to the rul
ing from a joint statement at the end of a meeting of the 10-country group's
foreign minister in Laos. This followed objections from Cambodia, Beijing's
closest ASEAN ally.
这周初，中国也取得了一个外交上的重要胜利。在老挝，10国集团的外长在会议结束时
做出联合声明：东盟放弃对仲裁结果做出任何评论。而在此之前北京在东盟最亲密的盟
友柬埔寨提出了反对意见。
On July 15, the European Union, distracted after Britain's vote to leave the
bloc, issued a statement taking note of the ruling, but avoiding direct ref
erence to Beijing or any assertion that the decision was binding.
在7月15日，欧盟从英国脱欧中抽身，发表声明称他们会关注仲裁结果，但不会对北京方
面，或是任何坚持仲裁结果的约束力的方面做出直接评价。
RULING RISKS IRRELEVANCE
On Wednesday, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry expressed satisfaction that
ASEAN had issued a communique that championed the rule of law and said the
omission of any reference to the arbitration case did not detract from its i
mportance.
上星期三，美国国务卿John Kerry表示满意，东盟已经发表公报，倡导遵守规则，说对
仲裁案件的忽略并没有贬低其重要性。
He also said it was "impossible" for the ruling to become irrelevant because
it is legally binding.
他表示规则“不可能”变得无关紧要，因为它具有法律约束力。
But analysts said it now risks exactly that, not least because Washington ha
s failed to press the issue effectively with its friends and allies.
但分析人士说，现在的风险正是如此，尤其是因为华盛顿没有有效地将问题与他的朋友
和盟友公开讨论。
"We should all be worried that this case is going to go down as nothing more
than a footnote because its impact was only as strong as the international
community was going to make it," said Greg Poling, a South China Sea expert
at Washington's Center for Strategic and International Studies think-tank.
“我们应该担心仲裁案的关注度下降到沦为一个无关紧要的境地，因为（对中国的）冲
击只有在国际社会强有力关注下才能产生。”华盛顿战略和国际研究中心的南海专家智
囊团的Greg Poling说。
"And the international community has voted by not saying anything. The conse
nsus seems to be 'We don’t care. We don’t want to hold China to these stan
dards.'"
“国际社会选择对此不不发声，共识似乎是'我们不关心，我们不想敦促中国遵守这些标
准。'”
Dean Cheng, an expert on China with the Heritage Foundation think-tank, said
Washington appeared reluctant to push a tougher line with Beijing - a vital
economic partner as well as a strategic rival - with only a few months to g
o in President Barack Obama's tenure and a presidential election in November
.
中美传统基金智库的专家Dean Cheng表示，华盛顿似乎不愿意在奥巴马还剩下几个月的
任期，并且11月份将要进行总统大选的这个时期——对北京——-这个重要的经济合作伙
伴采取强硬的立场。
"What we have is China pushing very hard into the South China Sea, physicall
y, politically, illegally and diplomatically, and the United States refraini
ng from doing very much at all," said Cheng.
“我们得到的结果是中国十分努力得在军事和政治上非法并且有外交技巧的进入南中国
海。”Dean说。
One reason for the administration's relative passivity may be its desire to
prevent any major escalation of the dispute after the ruling, including furt
her land reclamation by China or the declaration of a new air defense identi
fication zone.
政府相对被动的一个原因是或许他们想在仲裁后阻止南海问题进一步扩大，包括中国更
进一步的填岛或者宣布新的防空识别区。
China has so far responded only with sharpened rhetoric, but analysts and of
ficials worry that Beijing might take bolder action after it hosts the Group
of 20 meeting of the world's biggest economies in September.
中国目前的反应只有尖锐的言辞，但分析师和官员担心，北京可能会在九月举办的G20—
—这个世界最大的经济体峰会上采取更加大胆的行动。
(Reporting by David Brunnstrom and Matt Spetalnick in Washington and Ben Bla
nchard in Beijing; editing by G Crosse)
4.完整新闻连结 (或短网址):
http://tinyurl.com/j2ag9l6
5.备注:
美国：啊呀仲裁案过去就过去了，我们还得忙大选，还得和中国做生意，没空管这摊子事
了，菲菲你自求多福吧！