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1.媒体来源:
约瑟夫·亨利，《科技时报》
2.记者署名:
约瑟夫·亨利，《科技时报》
3.完整新闻标题:
Is Betelgeuse Becoming Supernova? Study Says Pulsations Indicate Nearing
Explosion
参宿四会变成超新星吗？研究称脉动表明即将爆炸
4.完整新闻内文:
Is Betelgeuse Becoming Supernova? Study Says Pulsations Indicate Nearing
Explosion
The red giant might be hinting at its supernova phase, but it will still take
some decades before it explodes.
Joseph Henry, Tech Times 04 July 2023, 12:07 pm
Betelgeuse, a prominent star in the constellation Orion, has caught the
attention of astronomers due to its unusual brightness. While the cause of
this phenomenon remains uncertain, a research team has analyzed Betelgeuse's
long-standing variability patterns and proposed a fascinating theory.
According to their findings, Betelgeuse is not only in the carbon-burning
stage of its life but is approaching the end of this phase.
参宿四会变成超新星吗？研究称脉动表明即将爆炸
这颗红巨星可能暗示着它的超新星阶段，但它仍然需要几十年的时间才能爆炸。
约瑟夫·亨利，《科技时报》 2023 年 7 月 4 日，中午 12:07
参宿四是猎户座的一颗著名恒星，因其异常的亮度而引起了天文学家的关注。虽然这种现
象的原因仍不确定，但一个研究小组分析了参宿四的长期变化模式，并提出了一个有趣的
理论。
根据他们的发现，参宿四不仅处于其生命的碳燃烧阶段，而且正接近该阶段的末期。
If their hypothesis is correct, this red giant could potentially go through
subsequent stages of its evolution within a few decades, culminating in a
supernova explosion within the lifespan of current generations.
From Betelgeuse to Supernova
Is Betelgeuse on its Way to Become Supernova? Study Says its Pulsations
Indicate its Nearing Explosion Phase
A preprint study about Betelgeuse suggests that its explosion could happen a
few decades from now.
Betelgeuse, as a highly evolved red supergiant, is destined to undergo a
core-collapse supernova, emitting light comparable in brightness to a full
moon.
如果他们的假设是正确的，那么这颗红巨星可能会在几十年内经历其演化的后续阶段，最
终在当代人的寿命内引发超新星爆炸。
一项关于参宿四的预印本研究表明，它的爆炸可能会在几十年后发生。
参宿四作为一颗高度演化的红超巨星，注定会发生核心塌缩超新星，发出亮度与满月相当
的光。
The biggest debate about the explosion of this star is the timeframe,
according to IFL Science. Up to this day, scientists have not figured out the
estimated longevity of the event.
Many astronomers grew frustrated in predicting this stage and no one has even
come close to proving years for this phenomenon.
The conventional wisdom that every astronomer knows is that it will go
supernova for approximately a hundred or a million years.
To smash the doubts about the Betelgeuse explosion, a preprint of a paper
submitted to the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society suggests
contrasting information.
据IFL Science称，关于这颗恒星爆炸的最大争论是时间范围。直到今天，科学家们还没
有弄清楚该事件的预计持续时间。
许多天文学家对这一阶段的预测感到沮丧，甚至没有人能够证明这一现象的存在。
每个天文学家都知道的传统观点是，它会在大约一百或一百万年内变成超新星。
为了消除人们对参宿四爆炸的疑虑，提交给《皇家天文学会月刊》的一篇论文预印本提出
了对比信息。
Betelgeuse's Evolution
All stars begin their lives by fusing hydrogen into helium, a process that
dominates their existence. As they deplete the hydrogen in their core, they
transition to helium burning, while hydrogen fusion may persist in the outer
layers.
Subsequently, helium transforms into carbon, followed by a sequence of fusion
processes involving neon, sodium, and magnesium, collectively known as carbon
burning. It's important to note that carbon burning is distinct from the
chemical ignition process associated with oxygen.
参宿四的演化
所有恒星的生命都是从氢聚变成氦开始的，这一过程主导着它们的存在。当它们耗尽核心
中的氢时，它们会转变为氦燃烧，而氢聚变可能会在外层持续存在。
随后，氦转化为碳，随后进行一系列涉及氖、钠和镁的聚变过程，统称为碳燃烧。值得注
意的是，碳燃烧不同于与氧气相关的化学点火过程。
Predicting Betelgeuse's Future
Supernova explosions occur only after successive rounds of neon, oxygen, and
silicon fusion. To estimate when Betelgeuse might experience its spectacular
finale, it is crucial to determine its current stage. The preprint study, led
by Dr. Hideyuki Saio from Tohoku University, suggests that Betelgeuse is not
only burning carbon but also beginning to deplete its carbon supply.
Betelgeuse's Pulsation Cycles
Like other stars in the late stages of their lives, Betelgeuse undergoes
pulsations, causing it to expand and contract with corresponding changes in
brightness.
Astronomers have tracked regular cycles of various durations, such as 185,
230, 420, and 2,200 days, along with other unpredictable fluctuations. The
recent significant dimming in 2019-20 resulted from a dust outburst combined
with the convergence of several pulsation cycles.
预测参宿四的未来
超新星爆炸只有在氖、氧和硅连续发生聚变之后才会发生。为了估计参宿四何时会经历其
壮观的结局，确定其当前阶段至关重要。由东北大学 Hideyuki Saio 博士领导的预印本
研究表明，参宿四不仅在燃烧碳，而且开始耗尽其碳供应。
参宿四的脉动周期
与其他处于生命后期阶段的恒星一样，参宿四也会经历脉动，导致其膨胀和收缩，并伴随
相应的亮度变化。
天文学家追踪了各种持续时间的规律周期，例如 185 天、230 天、420 天和 2,200
天，以及其他不可预测的波动。最近 2019-20 年的显著变暗是由爆发和几个脉动周期的
收敛造成的。
What the Research Paper Says
The research paper challenges the conventional view regarding the radial
fundamental mode (RFM), which determines the pulsation period intrinsically
linked to the star's radius.
The authors propose that the 2,200-day cycle, rather than the previously
believed 420-day cycle, represents the RFM.
If their argument holds, Betelgeuse must be even larger than previously
estimated, reaching a size of around 1,300 times the radius of the Sun. Such
proportions for a star of its mass would indicate that Betelgeuse is nearing
the end of its carbon-burning phase.
Within a few decades from now, Betelgeuse will meet its untimely demise that
will happen when the carbon-burning phase comes to a full stop.
研究论文说了什么
该研究论文挑战了关于径向基本模式（RFM）的传统观点，该模式决定了与恒星半径本质
上相关的脉动周期。
作者提出，2,200 天的周期，而不是之前认为的 420 天的周期，代表了 RFM。
如果他们的论点成立，参宿四一定比之前估计的还要大，达到太阳半径的 1,300 倍左右
。对于同等质量的恒星来说，这样的比例表明参宿四的碳燃烧阶段已接近尾声。
从现在起的几十年内，当碳燃烧阶段完全停止时，参宿四将过早消亡。
The final stages of the red supergiant are challenging to assess because
astronomers do not know how much carbon reserves are left in its tank.
The depletion of its components only suggests that its end is drawing near
before it goes kaboom.
The research paper "The evolutionary stage of Betelgeuse inferred from its
pulsation periods" is accessible on ARXIV.org.
这颗红超巨星的最后阶段很难评估，因为天文学家不知道它的储罐中还剩下多少碳储量。
其成分的耗尽仅表明它在坍缩前已经停止碳燃烧阶段。
研究论文“从脉动周期推断参宿四的进化阶段”可在ARXIV.org 上访问。
5.完整新闻连结 (或短网址)不可用YAHOO、LINE、MSN等转载媒体:
https://reurl.cc/p6K3ol
6.备注:
猎户座也会连带消失了(缺角)，哭啊。