1.媒体来源:
华盛顿邮报
2.完整新闻标题:
Men who harass women online are quite literally losers, new study finds
3.完整新闻内文:
Here’s a research finding that should surprise no one: The men most likely
to harass women online … are the men most likely to have their own problems.
这篇报导指出在网络上骚扰女性的男性，通常都有着自身的问题。
That bit of validation comes courtesy Michael Kasumovic and Jeffrey
Kuznekoff, researchers at the University of New South Wales and Miami
University, respectively. For their latest study, published in the journal
PLOS One last week, the duo watched how men treated women during 163 plays of
the video game Halo 3.
两名研究员在新南威尔斯以及迈阿密大学做出的研究，以halo3做工具，在163场游戏中
统计出男性如何对待女性的报告。
As they watched the games play out and tracked the comments that players made
to each other, the researchers observed that — no matter their skill level,
or how the game went — men tended to be pretty cordial to each other. Male
players who were good at the game also tended to pay compliments to other
male and female players.
研究员观察到，不管游戏技巧好或坏，男性通常都对同性比较亲切，而技巧好的男性玩
家对两性通常都给予同样的尊重。
Some male players, however — the ones who were less-skilled at the game, and
performing worse relative their peers — made frequent, nasty comments to the
female gamers. In other words, sexist dudes are literally losers.
而那些技术较差的男性，通常都喜欢用令人感到恶心的话语来与女性玩家对谈，换句话
说，性别歧视的这些家伙就是些losers。
http://i.imgur.com/EJL7c9i.png
A chart from the Halo study that shows how nice male gamers were to other
males (dotted line) and females (solid line) during gameplay. Men always
treat each other about the same. But the better a player gets, the more
likely he is to be nice to ladies. (Kasumovic et al)
这个图表显示了halo的玩家对待男性与女性的差别，男性对男性为虚线、男性对女性
为实线，技术越好的玩家通常会对女性比较好。
In today’s online environment, alas, this is not an idle observation.
According to a recent Pew report, 40 percent of Internet users have
personally experienced harassment. While both genders are frequent victims of
this abuse, women tend to get the worst of it: They are “particularly
vulnerable to sexual harassment and stalking,” Pew said.
根据其他研究，女性通常是网络骚扰的受害者。
I asked Kasumovic, the lead author on the study, how applicable his findings
were in other online or offline settings. In other words, how much of this
derives from human nature, and how much of it relates to the unique demands
of first-person shooters?
记者询问该研究的结论是只能运用在fps或者能够延伸引用到其他领域。
Kasumovic argues that video games actually make incredible proxies for
studying real-life behavior — Halo 3, especially.
研究员指出家机游戏事实上能够反射出现实生活中的行为，特别是halo3这款游戏。
There are three things you should know about the game, for the purpose of
understanding this study: (1) players are anonymous, and the possibility of “
policing individual behavior is almost impossible”; (2) they only encounter
each other a few times in passing — it’s very possible to hurl an expletive
at another player, and never “see” him or her again; and (3) finally, and
perhaps predictably, the sex-ratio of players is biased pretty heavily toward
men. (A 2014 survey of gender ratios on Reddit found that r/halo was over 95
percent male.)
说明以halo这款游戏做研究的背景
That should sound a whole lot like a lot of other, frequently sexist online
spaces: Think Twitter. Or Reddit. Or 4chan.
Twitter还有Reddit以及4chan都被指为性别歧视的大本营。
In each of these environments, Kasumovic suggests, a recent influx of female
participants has disrupted a pre-existing social hierarchy. That’s okay for
the guys at the top — but for the guys at the bottom, who stand to lose more
status, that’s very threatening. (It’s also in keeping with the
evolutionary framework on anti-lady hostility, which suggests sexism is a
kind of Neanderthal defense mechanism for low-status, non-dominant men trying
to maintain a shaky grip on their particular cave’s supply of women.)
处在下层的的网络使用者通常要比上层的使用者更为对女性激进且具有攻击性。
“As men often rely on aggression to maintain their dominant social status,”
Kasumovic writes, “the increase in hostility towards a woman by lower-status
males may be an attempt to disregard a female’s performance and suppress her
disturbance on the hierarchy to retain their social rank.”
男性贬低女性通常是为了维持他们的社交地位。
In other words, like your mother always said, bullies just feel bad about
themselves.
This does not, alas, suggest any solutions for on- or offline sexism, or any
hope that it will ever really end. (“There are so many more questions we’ve
already begun to to ask and our results are looking really interesting,”
Kasumovic said.)
这篇研究并没有指出如何解决网络或现实生活中的性别歧视。
Until then, ladies, Facebook and Pinterest are your friends! Those are, for
better or worse, two of the online spaces where this type of sex-ratio
imbalance isn’t much of a problem: Women on both sites solidly outnumber men.
在最终答案被发现之前，FB和Pinterest是女性最好的朋友，他们是网络上女性数量
超过男性许多的网络空间。
4.完整新闻连结 (或短网址):
http://tinyurl.com/o5qp4a3
5.备注: