来看看从美国出境要那些文件
一、航空公司 checkin
http://bit.ly/1mS5B3p
联合航空网站上写
Departure requirements
U.S. law requires all customers, regardless of citizenship, age or
destination, to hold a secure document to depart the United States
by air (one-way or roundtrip itinerary). A secure document is a
passport, U.S. permanent resident card, Refugee or Stateless travel
document, Re-Entry Permit, NEXUS card, U.S Merchant Mariner Card,
military ID or emergency travel document issued by an embassy or
consulate.
绿卡过关。
二、TSA 安检
http://www.tsa.gov/traveler-information/acceptable-ids
Acceptable IDs
Acceptable IDs for screening purposes include:
U.S. passport
U.S. passport card
DHS trusted traveler cards (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, FAST)
U.S. military ID (active duty or retired military and their dependents, and DoD civilians)
Permanent resident card
Border crossing card
DHS-designated enhanced driver's license
Driver's licenses or other state photo identity cards issued by Department of Motor Vehicles (or equivalent) for the sole purpose of identification
Native American tribal photo ID
HSPD-12 PIV card
Airline or airport-issued ID (if issued under a TSA-approved security plan)
Foreign government-issued passport
Canadian provincial driver's license or Indian and Northern Affairs Canada card
Transportation Worker Identification Credential
Note: a weapon permit is not an acceptable form of identification.
绿卡过关。
三、海关
http://www.cbp.gov/travel/us-citizens/whti-program-background/docs-air-travel
Document Requirements for Air Travel
Lawful permanent residents must continue to present a valid
Permanent Resident Card. A passport is not required.
绿卡过关
看起来只要绿卡就可以从美国出境。
但是呢
四、美国移民局
http://1.usa.gov/1nNWpla
Benefits and Responsibilities of Asylees
Travel Documents
Asylees are subject to special rules for traveling outside the United
States. If you plan to leave the United States, you must receive prior
permission to by obtaining a refugee travel document.
For more information, see the “How Do I Get a Refugee Travel Document?
” link to the upper-right.
看起来政治庇护的人一定要拿到 refugee travel document，也就是 I-131 返美证。
才能出美国旅行。
不过没把最后的 link 按下去看就输了
http://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/D4en.pdf
A person with refugee or asylum status who wishes to travel
outside the United States needs a Refugee Travel Document in order
to return to the United States.
In most cases, a refugee or asylee may use the Refugee Travel
Document for travel in place of a passport. The Refugee Travel
Document is similar in appearance to a U.S. passport.
Refugee Travel Document 是用来入境美国用的，
通常的状况下，难民或受政治庇护的人可以用来代替护照。
You should file a Form I-131 for a Refugee Travel Document before
you leave the United States. We recommend that you file the form
no less than 60 days before you leave the United States.
离开美国之前要申请 I-131。建议最好出境前六十天前申请。
If you do not file for a Refugee Travel Document before you leave
the United States, a USCIS office overseas has discretion to accept
your application. You may only apply if you have been outside the
United States for less than 1 year at the time of filing. You should
not, however, assume that an overseas office will automatically
exercise this discretion, particularly if it is evident that you could
have filed your Form I-131 before you left the United States.
这一段又写如果没有申请 I-131 就离境，可以在 USCIS 海外分部申请
(出境一年内)。不过如果没有特殊理由无法在美国境内申请，不保证在海外
申请成功。
We recommend that you file Form I-131 while you are in the United
States. However it is not required for you to be present in the United
States for USCIS to approve your Form I-131 and issue a Refugee
Travel Document if your biometrics (photograph, fingerprints) have
been obtained. You can indicate on your Form I-131 that you want
USCIS to send your Refugee Travel Document to a U.S. Embassy or
consulate, or a DHS office overseas, so you can pick it up from one
of those facilities.
申请之后只要已取得申请者的生物辨视矩阵就不必留在美国境内。
可以指定将 I-131 送到大使馆、领事馆或 DHS 海外办公室。
不过 AIT 有没有这项业务就不清楚了。
结论：美国移民局的文件互有矛盾。
不拿 I-131 有无法出境的风险。
大使馆、领事馆是差在那里？