文明帝国6 中国领袖:永乐、武则天、秦始皇
Yongle 永乐
https://youtu.be/Bx1BbQo3Uaw
朕永乐帝也,商舶之来者即朕之友,违逆朕志者岂有来日乎?
https://i.imgur.com/wOhOM3x.jpg
The Yongle Emperor (personal name Zhu Di) was the fourth son of the Hongwu
Emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty. He was originally enfeoffed as the
Prince of Yan (燕王) in May 1370, with the capital of his princedom at
Beiping (modern Beijing).
永乐帝(本名朱棣)是明朝开国皇帝洪武帝的四子。1370年5月,他最初被封为燕
王,封地的首府在北平(今北京)。
After the Yongle Emperor's overthrow of the Jianwen Emperor, China's
countryside was devastated. The fragile new economy had to deal with low
production and depopulation. The Yongle Emperor laid out a long and extensive
plan to strengthen and stabilise the new economy, but first he had to silence
dissension. He created an elaborate system of censors to remove corrupt
officials from office that spread such rumors. The emperor dispatched some of
his most trusted officers to reveal or destroy secret societies, bandits, and
loyalists to his other relatives. To strengthen the economy, he fought
population decline, using the most he could from the existing labour force,
and maximising textile and agricultural production.
永乐帝推翻建文帝后,中国农村一片狼藉。脆弱的新经济不得不应对低产量和人口
减少的问题。永乐皇帝制定了一项长期而广泛的计划来加强和稳定新经济,但首先
他必须平息分歧。他创建了一个精心设计的审查系统,以将传播此类谣言的腐败官
员赶下台。皇帝派了一些他最信任的官员去揭露或摧毁秘密社团、土匪和对他其他
亲戚的效忠者。为了加强经济,他与人口下降作斗争,尽可能利用现有劳动力,最
大限度地提高纺织和农业生产。
The emperor planned to build a massive network of structures in Beijing in
which government offices, officials, and the imperial family resided. After a
painfully long construction time (1407–1420), the Forbidden City was finally
completed and became the imperial capital for the next 500 years.
皇帝计划在北京建造一个庞大的建筑网络,政府办公室、官员和皇室都居住在其中
。经过痛苦的漫长建设时间(1407-1420),紫禁城终于完工,并成为未来500年的
帝都。
Wu Zetian 武则天
https://youtu.be/pRyFDzDA1-s
朕乃武曌,民皆爱之畏之,天下唯一之后主!
https://i.imgur.com/xgZYxUd.jpg
China’s First Female Emperor 中国首位女皇帝
Wu Zetian was the de facto ruler of the Tang dynasty from 665 to 705, ruling
first through others and then (from 690) in her own right. She was the only
female sovereign in the history of China widely regarded as legitimate. Under
her 40-year reign, China grew larger, becoming one of the great powers of the
world, its culture and economy were revitalized, and corruption in the court
was reduced.
从665年到705年,武则天是唐朝的实质统治者,先是通过他人统治,然后(从690年
开始)靠自己的力量统治。她是中国历史上唯一一位被广泛认为合法的女性君主。
在她40年的统治下,中国发展壮大,成为世界大国之一,文化和经济得到振兴,朝
廷腐败减少。
Qin Shi Huang 秦始皇
https://youtu.be/nk-EV2g21-o
今汝之来也,岂欲观秦国山川之胜?寡人乃秦之主也!
https://i.imgur.com/Cn69Zbs.jpg
The Unifier 统一者
By 221 BC, all Chinese lands were unified under one powerful ruler, and in
the course of conquest, Qin had standardized trade, communication, currency,
and language. In that same year, Qin proclaimed himself with the new title
"First Emperor" (始皇帝, Shǐ Huángdì), to symbolize how far he had
surpassed the achievements of the old Zhou Dynasty rulers.
公元前221年,所有中国土地都统一在一个强大的统治者之下,在征服过程中,秦国
实现了贸易、交通、货币和语言的标准化。同年,秦自立为“始皇帝”,象征他超越
了旧周王朝统治者的成就。