[中译] Puzzleup 2020 (7) Counterfeit Coins

楼主: LPH66 (-6.2598534e+18f)   2020-12-17 22:08:56
题目网址: https://www.puzzleup.com/2020/
https://www.puzzleup.com/2020/puzzle/?7
答题时限: 12月17日7PM-比赛结束(约12月30日)
加分时限: 12月17日7PM-12月22日6:59PM
答对可得基本分100分。答案可上传5次,每改1次答案从基本分扣20分。 
比赛期间内可随时上传答案,加分时限内答对第n天加(6-n)分       
另依题目的难易有额外加分(如有80%的人这题答错,答对者加80分)  
◆COUNTERFEIT COINS
There are 16 coins, 3 of which are slightly heavier or lighter than the
others. The counterfeit coins have the same weight but it is not known
whether they are heavier or lighter than the genuine ones.
Using a balance scale, what is the minimum number of weighings in order to
determine whether the counterfeit coins are heavier or lighter?
Notes:
-All the coins look identical.
-The genuine coins have the same weight.
-You can compare any number of coins on the balance scale.
这里有 16 个硬币,其中三个是假币;
三个假币的重量都相等但和真币不同,而且假币究竟比真币重或轻也未知。
试问使用天平,要确定假币究竟比真币重或轻最少需要几次称重?
注意:
- 所有硬币外观都相同。
- 真币的重量也都相等。
- 天平上可以放上任意枚硬币比较。
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应该是个满标准的秤硬币题

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