※ [本文转录自 Gossiping 看板 #1dI21Mcw ]
作者: STAV72 (刁民党党务主委) 看板: Gossiping
标题: [新闻] 独家！古埃及绝传致幻配方大公开！
时间: Thu Nov 28 15:48:34 2024
备注请放最后面 违者新闻文章删除
1.媒体来源:
外媒 sciencealert
2.记者署名:
Carly Cassella
3.完整新闻标题:
First Traces of Ancient Egyptian Hallucinogens Found in Old Jug
考古学者从古董壶中解析出古埃及致幻剂主要配方
4.完整新闻内文:
First Traces of Ancient Egyptian Hallucinogens Found in Old Jug
Humans
28 November 2024
By Carly Cassella
The 2,200-year-old vessel. (Tanasi et al., Nature, 2024)
A 2,200-year-old ceramic drinking vessel has confirmed what archaeologists
have long suspected: some ancient Egyptians were tripping on hallucinogens.
在旧壶中发现古埃及迷幻药的第一批痕迹
人类
2024 年 11 月 28 日
经过卡莉·卡塞拉
https://www.sciencealert.com/images/2024/11/AncientJug.jpg
古董壶拥有 2,200 年历史。 （塔纳西等人，《自然》，2024）
一件有 2200 年历史的陶瓷饮水器证实了考古学家长期以来的怀疑：一些古埃及人因服用
致幻剂嗨起来。
For the first time, scientists have discovered the organic residue of
psychedelic plants within an ancient Egyptian artifact, which once held a
fruity, fermented sedative, sweetened with honey, tinged with possible
licorice, and deliberately imbued with human fluids.
The alcoholic and hallucinogenic cocktail was probably swallowed in the name
of the god Bes, whose face is featured on the outside of the vessel.
科学家首次在一件古埃及文物中发现了迷幻植物的有机残留物，该文物曾经含有一种水果
味的发酵镇静剂，用蜂蜜增甜，可能带有甘草的味道，并故意注入人体液体。
这种含有酒精和致幻作用的鸡尾酒可能是以贝斯神的名义吞下的，贝斯的脸印在容器的外
部。
"There's no research out there that has ever found what we found in this
study," says archaeologist Davide Tanasi from the University of South Florida.
Bes was an Egyptian deity of music, merriment, and childbirth, sometimes
known as the "giver of dreams/oracles". Scientists have unearthed more than
380 Bes vessels from the ancient Egyptian civilization, and yet it's a
mystery what these drinking containers once held, and why.
南佛罗里达大学的考古学家戴维德·塔纳西 (Davide Tanasi)表示：“目前还没有任何研
究发现我们在这项研究中发现的东西。”
贝斯是埃及的音乐、欢乐和生育之神，有时被称为“梦想/神谕的赐予者”。科学家已经
出土了380 多件来自古埃及文明的贝斯器皿，但这些饮酒容器曾经盛放什么以及为什么盛
放，仍然是个谜。
"For a very long time now, Egyptologists have been speculating what mugs with
the head of Bes could have been used for, and for what kind of beverage, like
sacred water, milk, wine, or beer," explains Branko van Oppen, curator of
Greek and Roman art at the Tampa Museum of Art.
"Experts did not know if these mugs were used in daily life, for religious
purposes, or in magic rituals."
“很长一段时间以来，埃及古物学家一直在猜测带有贝斯头像的杯子可以用来做什么，以
及什么样的饮料，比如圣水、牛奶、葡萄酒或啤酒，”馆长布兰科·范·奥本解释道
“专家们不知道这些杯子是否用于日常生活、宗教目的或魔法仪式。”
https://www.sciencealert.com/images/2024/11/Besjug-768x703.png
Bes Jug
The Bes vessel containing traces of hallucinogenic plants. (Tanasi et al.,
Nature, 2024)
The container found with traces of hallucinogenic plants may not be
representative of all Bes vessels, but it is certainly enlightening. It was
donated to the Tampa Museum of Art in 1984, and was recently studied by a
team of scientists from the US and Italy.
贝斯容器中含有致幻植物的痕迹。 （塔纳西等人，《自然》，2024 年）
发现的带有致幻植物痕迹的容器可能不能代表所有贝斯容器，但它确实具有启发性。它
于 1984 年捐赠给坦帕艺术博物馆，最近由来自美国和意大利的科学家团队进行了研究。
The jug contains evidence of three plants with known hallucinogenic
properties.
壶中含有三种已知具有致幻特性的植物的证据。
The first is a blue water lily (Nymphaea nouchali) – a psychoactive plant
that Bes is often featured emerging from. This flower is also featured on
several other Bes vessels.
第一种是延药睡莲（Nymphaea nouchali） 一种具有精神活性的植物，贝斯经常出现
在其中。这种花也出现在其他贝斯容器上。
The second psychoactive plant is called Syrian rue (Peganum harmala). The
seeds of this plant, sometimes known as African rue, are a sedative that have
hallucinogenic properties when consumed in small amounts, inducing dream-like
visions very similar to what is described in ancient myths about Bes.
第二种具有精神活性的植物称为叙利亚芸香（Peganumharmala）。这种植物的种子有时被
称为非洲芸香，是一种镇静剂，少量食用时具有致幻作用，会引起梦幻般的幻觉，与古代
贝斯神话中所描述的非常相似。
In one such myth, for instance, Bes stops the wrath of a bloodthirsty goddess
by serving her a spiked beverage. The drink lulls her into a deep sleep.
例如，在这样一个神话中，贝斯为一位嗜血的女神提供了一杯加了酒精的饮料，以平息她
的愤怒。酒让她陷入沉睡。
The third plant was from the Cleome genus, which has also been found to
induce hallucinations.
第三种植物来自Cleome属，它也被发现会引起幻觉。
The Bes vessel kept at the museum in Tampa was originally found in a region
of Egypt to the south of what is now Cairo, and it's tentatively dated to the
second century BCE.
During this time, an Egyptian city nearby hosted so-called 'Bes chambers', in
which mysterious rituals were carried out.
Several human proteins identified in the residue suggest "a deliberate
addition of human fluids to the drink prepared for ritual purposes, the team
writes.
保存在坦帕博物馆的贝斯船只最初是在现在开罗以南的埃及地区发现的，其年代初步确定
为公元前二世纪。
在此期间，附近的一座埃及城市举办了所谓的“贝斯厅”，在那里进行神秘的仪式。
研究小组写道，残留物中鉴定出的几种人类蛋白质表明“为了仪式目的而在饮料中故意添
加了人体液体” 。
"This includes fluids like breast milk, mucous fluids (oral or vaginal), and
blood."
“这包括母乳、黏液（口腔或阴道）和血液等液体。”
Perhaps these rituals involved drinking a sedative. The inclusion of human
fluids may have helped personalize the spiritual experience.
"Egyptologists believe that people visited the so-called Bes Chambers at
Saqqara when they wished to confirm a successful pregnancy because
pregnancies in the ancient world were fraught with dangers," explains Van
Oppen.
"So, this combination of ingredients may have been used in a dream-vision
inducing magic ritual within the context of this dangerous period of
childbirth."
也许这些仪式涉及喝镇静剂。人体体液的加入可能有助于个人化精神体验。
范奥本解释说：“埃及学家认为，当人们希望确认是否成功怀孕时，人们会前往萨卡拉所
谓的贝斯宫，因为古代世界的怀孕充满了危险。”
“因此，这种成分的组合可能被用于在这个危险的分娩时期的背景下引发梦境的魔法仪式
。”
Researchers hope that more Bes vessels are analyzed in similar ways. Only
then will we understand how often hallucinogenic cocktails were consumed in
ancient Egypt and why.
"With this study, we've found scientific proof that the Egyptian myths have
some kind of truth and it helps us shed light on the poorly understood
rituals that were likely carried out in the Bes Chambers in Saqqara, near the
Great Pyramids at Giza," says Tanasi.
The study was published in Nature.
研究人员希望以类似的方式对更多的 Bes 容器进行分析。只有这样我们才能了解古埃及
人饮用迷幻鸡尾酒的频率以及原因。
“透过这项研究，我们找到了科学证据，证明埃及神话具有某种真实性，这有助于我们了
解人们知之甚少的仪式，这些仪式可能在吉萨大金字塔附近的萨卡拉的贝斯房间进行，
”塔纳西说。
这项研究发表在《自然》杂志。
5.完整新闻连结 (或短网址)不可用YAHOO、LINE、MSN等转载媒体:
https://reurl.cc/jQ8ZOZ
6.备注:
延药睡莲（学名：Nymphaea nouchali）又名蓝睡莲，为睡莲科睡莲属下的一个种。
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%BB%B6%E8%8D%AF%E7%9D%A1%E8%8E%B2
骆驼蓬（学名：Peganum harmala），又名野芸香，臭古朵。
骆驼蓬的药用历史超过2000年。古希腊人使用种子粉末除绦虫并治疗反复发烧。古罗马时
期的希腊医生与药理学家迪奥科里斯，在他的著作《药物论》中描述：骆驼蓬混合蜂蜜、
葡萄酒、鸡蛋黄、藏红花和茴香汁，有助于治疗视力损害。医学家盖伦也提到过。
千年来它一直应用于传统医药（在古印度、伊朗书籍中被经常提及）在古印度骆驼蓬种子
被用于妇科疾病，据信来自植物的烟雾能促进分娩。在巴基斯坦贫穷的妇女用骆驼蓬种子
烟雾熏蒸，利用特殊的管子将烟雾引入阴道来治疗妇科疾病，这种治疗方式直到今天依然
存在。也用于刺激月经周期，在孕妇中是禁用的，可造成流产。种子烟雾也被用作熏蒸伤
口杀菌。
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%AA%86%E9%A9%BC%E8%93%AC
醉蝶花属
醉蝶花属（学名：Cleome）也称鸟足菜属、白花菜属，是醉蝶花科下的一个属，为草本植
物。该属共有150种，分布于热带和亚热带地区。
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%86%89%E8%9D%B6%E8%8A%B1%E5%B1%AC