＠ The World Bank http://tinyurl.com/pvox68z P1
世界银行
Middle-Income Traps Past and Present
In the postwar era, many countries have managed to fairly rapidly reach
middle-income status, but few have gone on to become high-income economies.
二战后 许多国家相当快速的达到中等收入 但只有少数能继续成长 成了高收入经济体
Rather, after an initial period of rapid ascent, many countries have experienc
ed a sharp slowdown in growth and productivity, falling into what has been
called a “middle-income trap.”
在初期的快速增长后 许多国家经历成长和生产力的急速减速 掉入"中等收入陷阱"
the World Bank (2012) estimates that of 101 middle-income economies in 1960,
only 13 became high income by 2008
世界银行在2012年的估计
在1960年 全世界有101个中等收入经济体
这其中只有少数13个 在2008年以前 晋升成了高收入
分别是
— Equatorial Guinea Greece Hong Kong
Ireland Israel Japan
Mauritius Portugal Puerto Rico
the Republic of Korea Singapore Spain
and Taiwan