2/4 （周日下午）SK2 实力X冲刺合办之阅读听力超强公开课即将登场:)
三人同行送免费资源，外加每人咨询机会一次！
报名连结：https://goo.gl/KAzi9Q
详情请见文末！
* * * * *
大家好，我是SK2的Lia～
之前，我曾在写作的系列文章里，探讨写作时切题的重要性。
今天，我想撇开审题想点，从段落的一致性下手，提醒同学撰写段落时最重
要的原则。撰写段落时的重要原则即为：你的段落应具有统一性。
所谓的统一性，意指你所写的每一个段落，应只能发展一个主题或一个主题
中的某一个面向。许多同学在写作时，往往还未厘清自己那一段想表达的核
心为何便开始写作，如此一来，写出的段落便会非常发散，显得不知所云。
请试读以下段落（这个段落是我为教学用途，为同学生出来的）：
People go to college to gain knowledge. In colleges, there are
many different types of areas and majors to learn from. These
courses give people training on the skills they need to enter a
job. If a person does not enter college, he would not be able to
gain the most basic skills for employment. In other words, no
companies would want him because he has no skills. In addition,
people can also choose to explore in a variety of interests. There
are a lot of club activities in universities, and in these clubs,
people can make more friends and broaden their horizon. This is
why college always sound attracting to people.
观察以上段落，同学不难发现，这段作文虽然文法用词等相对简洁，但却很
难让读者抓出其中最重要的论点。段落的一开始告诉大家 People go to
college to gain knowledge；照理来说，读者应会思考：“为什么要进入
大学获取知识呢（Why should they enter college to gain knowledge)？
是用什么方法获得知识，又是获得什么样的知识呢 (How can they gain
knowledge by entering college, and what sort of knowledge would
they gain in this place)？为什么想获得知识，非得靠进大学不可呢
(Why is it that, they MUST enter college this place to gain the
aforementioned knowledge)? ”然而，在这一段落中，只有下一句有暗示
出“这是因为大学里有很多可选择的主修”。之后的句子中，笔者便没有再
提及他主题句所说到的 knowledge 了，反而开始叙述 skill 和 job 的关
系。段落的最后，笔者甚至还带出了一个新概念：大学的社团活动可以帮助
学生建立社交圈，因此上大学这个想法确实很吸引人。读完了这一长串的句
子，你可能会想问：所以，人到底为什么想要上大学？是因为想获取知识
吗？还是为了工作做准备？还是纯粹为了一份文凭？还是是为了拓展视野
呢？还是是为了结交朋友？这样的段落让读者雾里看花，我们不理解笔者想
表达的重点是什么，或是说，我们理解，这全是他想表达的，但是我们终究
没有得到一个明确的答案。
那么，要如何才可以确保自己的段落具有统一性呢？
最简单的方法，就是研发“你该段的主要论述”，然后，记得，就只写这个
主要论述，最好是三句重复一次这个论述里的关键单字。
所谓的统一性，就是当我想写 People go to college to gain knowledge
时，我就真的只着重于：They go to college BECAUSE they DESIRE for
KNOWLEDGE. 这一个概念。因此，我的论述里的关键字词就会是：because/
go to college for, desire/ want, knowledge。
同时，写作前，我也会先询问自己，我想讲的是“大学里可以获得学问”这
个概念的哪个面向呢？若我想讲“大学里可以获得高中时获取不到的专业学
问”，这就和“唯有大学才能提供人热爱的领域的知识”态度上稍有不同。
当然，以上的论述更是和“大学时可以协助人就业，因为人可以于大学里获
取工作相关的技能和知识”大相径庭。
请观察以下几段论述：
范例一：以specific areas 为主去论述的段落
1. People go to college to gain deeper knowledge on more
specific areas. In high school, we learn only on
basic subjects such as math or science, yet in college, people
gain chances to take this knowledge further to investigate in
nano-science, or to major in applied math. These are subjects that
we would never learn in high school. In other words, if people
want to gain expertise in an area, they would desire for college.
范例二：以passion 为主去论述的段落
2. People go to college to gain deeper knowledge in their passion.
In high school, we learn basic subjects, and oftentimes these
subjects are ones we are not interested in. However, college is
intriguing because it offers loads of opportunities to explore in
ideas and areas people truly enjoy and love. Take me as an
example. Ever since I was young, I had taken up an interest in
literature, and I could practically memorize the works I love.
Until high school, however, I had never had the chance to discuss
these works with experts in the field because high school,
unfortunately, never offered such special courses. As a result,
this was mainly my reason for attending college—because I knew
that I would gain more on what I love.
范例三：以job preparation 为主去论述的段落
3. The first and foremost reason for people attending college is
that college prepare people for their job. In college, people are
taught on the basic requisites for work of any sort; in addition,
they are also trained on how to act and perform in their job.
These are basic yet important principles for people to follow;
without entering college, people would not gain any of these
skills. An engineer, for example,to succeed in his work, would
need to learn about programming and de-bugging, and these
techniques come from courses in the university. A nurse-to-be
would learn more on injections by sitting in the classrooms in the
university, and she would be enlightened on the risks of surgery
by listening to professors in class sharing their stories. Both of
these lessons guide her to profession.
读完以上三个段落，各位有无发现，其实段落的主题可以被设置得极细腻。
当你确定你的段落核心之后，想想你“该段的主辩论”是什么？你能用什么
画面或态度字补充你的主要辩论，以帮助读者更快看到你各段的“主题”？
而这些主题，又与题目本身有何关系？以上这些问题，都是写作者在写作当
下必须自行留意的事。所以呀，写作实在是很有趣的一件事！精细的画面，
往往代表作者对于自己的论点有清楚的想法，读者是被引领的那一方，自然
是被带着走的。当你写作时，别忘记，读者其实是一张白纸！我们什么都不
懂，只能从阅读你的文章、你的段落、你的句子理解你想说什么。
最后，为了帮助大家确保自己写出的段落统一，我附上自己所阅读到的三个
准则：
一、确保你的每个句子都跟着主题发展；
二、确保你的每个句子都能够推展或引导下一个句子；
三、确保你并没有省略为了发展主题你必须使用的字句。
（以上三原则来自《Barron’s 英文写作黄金法则》p.209）
希望大家可以借由感受今天的段落，体会到段落统一性的重要。从今天开
始，你也可以用这个准则来严格审阅曾经写过的作文，当然，在开始一篇新
的作文前，先想好你的段落核心和延伸的方法，再下笔吧！
祝大家写作愉快！
P.S. 2/4（日）14:00-16:00 我和冲刺班的 Rosa 将为大家带来托福阅读＋
听力免费公开课喔！虽然课程主题并非写作，但欢迎想更了解托福技巧的同
学参与课程！
当天上课我们将教到主动阅读及主动听力的技巧，我将教大家如何快速听懂
一篇听力。若你有写作或托福各科的问题，欢迎你带着你的问题来找我！
很期待在周日见到同学，与你一起讨论你的念书问题！
* * * * *
课程名称：破除迷思！超强英文架构阅读＋听力公开课
上课时间日期：2/4（周日）下午 2:00-4:00（1:40 进场）
上课地址：台北市信义路四段六号（捷运大安站共构大楼）11F-10
(出电梯后请从右手边走廊进来，正中央教室即是上课教室)
报名课程请点：https://goo.gl/KAzi9Q
直接点选连结，填完表单，不需等待回复信～即报名成功囉！
＊此课程完全免费，欢迎踊跃参加，一起充电！
＊为鼓励更多朋友报名，凡出席此次课程朋友，两人同行即赠送一份
份免费阅读资源，三人同行再加送一份写作佳文范例！
两份讲义皆为专业顾问亲自编撰，针对台湾人最常见的英文问题解惑！
现场再赠送每人一次免费咨询机会，欲报请从速！
* * * * *
～～SK2 Lia