原文标题：
Global LNG Supplies Are ‘Sold Out’ for Years, Top Importer Warns
原文连结：
https://tinyurl.com/48vzxe2b
发布时间：
November 21, 2022 at 12:27 PM GMT+8
记者署名：
Shoko Oda
原文内容：
- No long-term contracts available before 2026, says Japan
- This is set to intensify worldwide competition for the fuel
- 日本表示2026前已经没有长约可以购买
- 全球对能源的竞价将会更白热化
Japan warns that global competition for liquefied natural gas is set to
intensify over the next three years due to an underinvestment in supply.
日本警告因为供给面投资的不足，未来三年LNG竞争将更加剧烈
Long-term LNG contracts that start before 2026 are sold out, according to a
survey of Japanese companies conducted by the trade ministry and released
Monday. These types of contracts are essential for buyers, as they offer
stable pricing and reliable supply for many years.
根据日本贸易部的调查，周一公布2026年前的长期LNG合约已经售完。
这种合约对买家们非常重要，因为其提供了复数年稳定的价格和可靠的供应
Countries around the world are scrambling to secure shipments of the power
plant and heating fuel from major exporters like Qatar and the US, but there
is little new supply coming online before 2026. Meanwhile, Europe is racing
to replace Russian pipeline gas with LNG, further exacerbating the global
shortage of fuel.
世界各国都在争抢并保住发电和暖气燃料的供应量，从像是卡达和美国产地，但在2026年
前几乎没有新的产能可以上线。同一时间，欧洲正在竞价已填补俄罗斯天然气管的缺口，
使得全球燃料短缺状况更加严重。
This means importers will be forced to depend more on the volatile and
expensive spot market, which is currently trading nearly three times higher
than long-term contracts. Roughly 30% of all LNG deliveries were via the spot
market last year, according to the International Group of Liquefied Natural
Gas Importers.
这状况代表燃料进口会更加依赖价格波动大且更贵的现货市场，而目前现货市场的价格是
长期合约的3倍。根据国际LNG供应商组织的数据显示，去年约有30%总交易量是现货市场。
Japanese ministry officials and energy company executives met on the same day
to discuss LNG procurement plans. Japan is poised to be the world’s biggest
LNG importer this year, and the fuel is the nation’s top choice for power
generation.
日本官员和能源进口商进行了会议讨论LNG采购计画，日本今年可能会成为世界最大的LNG
进口国，因为日本发电来源主要源自于LNG。
A lack of investment in LNG export projects means that supply will be very
tight for years, the trade ministry document said. If Russian pipeline gas to
Europe is cut completely, the world could see a shortage of 7.6 million tons
of LNG in January 2025, equivalent to one month’s worth of imports to Japan,
according to the document.
贸易部记录表示，LNG供应面的缺乏投资将会使未来的供给"非常"紧张多年
如果欧洲完全切断俄罗斯管道的供应，到2025年一月欧洲将会出现760万吨的缺口
相当于日本一个月的进口量
Japan has been taking steps to ramp up energy security by enabling the
government to purchase LNG from the spot market in the event companies cannot.
日本一直在持续强化能源安全，允许政府在私人公司买不到的情况下进行现货采购
心得/评论：
LNG将会在未来3~4年间有极大的供货问题
目前欧洲只是暂时靠着储藏过冬到了冬末还是一样会碰到供货问题
台湾要在2025年达到50%燃气发电 (可能还会更高因为绿能已经落后)
而TSMC高阶制程能源消耗也会越来越大
也许分散风险去AZ也是好事