Re: [新闻] 台湾寿险业者恐成美债市场的一大威胁,甚

楼主: pikakami (我买不起徕卡)   2019-06-04 23:19:50
※ 引述《spirit119 (一二三木头人)》之铭言:
: 1.原文连结:
: ※过长无法点击者必须缩网址
: https://ec.ltn.com.tw/article/breakingnews/2811775
: 2.原文内容:
: 〔编译卢永山/综合报导〕英国“金融时报”专栏作家威格沃斯(Robin Wiggleworth)撰文指出,台湾寿险业者买进大量的美国公司债、抵押担保证券,一旦台湾金融市场出现动荡,可能对美国债券市场构成风险,甚至影响美国联准会(Fed)决策。
:  文章指出,台湾虽然面积狭小,但因民众节俭爱存钱,经常帐盈余高到约占GDP的15%,而成为金融强权,目前台湾的金融体系相较于GDP已居全球第2大。根据摩根大通,台湾的寿险业资产占GDP比重更高达145%,在整体金融业中居冠。
:  台湾经济无法容纳寿险业如此大的资产,因此业者把1.2兆美元资金投向海外市场,且大部分是购买美国国债和高评级公司债。但摩根大通预估,台湾寿险业的美元债务和其累积的美元资产之间有巨大落差,占总资产负债表的比重从2013年的34%升至目前的一半左右。以美元计算,这样的落差相当于4200亿美元,或占台湾GDP的72%。
:  这个数据令人担忧。外汇曝险过去是在滚动的基础上进行两面押注,但近来因外汇波动的避险成本升高,寿险业者大都没有进行对冲。倘若未来台币贬值,可能引发的损失远高于上述债券代来的年利息支付,将迫使台湾寿险业者撤离美国市场。
:  这无疑会成为系统性风险。摩根大通预估,台湾寿险业者拥有约4%美国投资级公司债、14%长天期公司债,过去5年持有的美国抵押担保正券规模已增加近1倍至2600亿美元,这使台湾成为拥有这类证券的第2大国家。
:  台湾银行业在决定美国利率的联邦资金市场也是重要操盘手,目前占所有交易量的约12%。因此,如果台湾国内金融市场出现动荡,甚至可能影响美国货币政策的执行。
:  台湾金管机构已试图处理这个问题,透过监管措施缓和升高的货币危机。但寿险业者也想出投机的方法来规避监管机构的限制,如开发规模达14兆美元的台币计价ETF基金,只用来购买美国元债券。
: 3.心得/评论:
: ※必需填写满20字
: 我都不知道原来台湾的寿险业者这么威,足以影响联准会决策
帮忙把FT的英文原文Po上来,这篇其实是社论
https://www.ft.com/content/967d7d96-8567-11e9-a028-86cea8523dc2
The Sino-American trade war is rattling markets, but a lesser-appreciated and
potentially significant tail risk is lurking off the coast of China.
中美贸易战令市场感到不安,但在中国沿海地区潜伏著一个不那么为人所知、且潜在重大
的尾部风险。
Taiwan may be small, but the island has emerged as a financial superpower
thanks to the thriftiness of local savers and an eye-watering current account
surplus of about 15 per cent of gross domestic product. The country now has the
second-largest financial system in the world, relative to gross domestic
product. And its life insurance industry is the biggest, with assets-to-GDP of
145 per cent, according to JPMorgan.
台湾或许很小,但由于当地储蓄者的节俭,以及约占国内生产总值(gdp) 15%的巨额经常账
户盈余,台湾已成为一个金融超级大国。按国内生产总值(gdp)计算,台湾目前拥有全球第
二大金融体系。摩根大通(JPMorgan)表示,台湾的人寿保险业规模最大,资产与gdp之比达
到145%。
The local economy is not big enough to accommodate these enormous sums, so
Taiwanese financial institutions have funnelled a whopping $1.2tn abroad. Other
countries have large overseas stashes of money, but largely in the form of
central bank reserves or sovereign wealth funds. Taiwan is anomalous both in
terms of the size relative to its economy, and that this pool of money consists
of private, rather than public savings.
台湾经济规模不足以容纳这些巨额资金,因此台湾金融机构向海外注入了1.2万亿美元的巨
额资金。其他国家拥有大量海外资金储备,但主要是以央行储备或主权财富基金的形式。
台湾在规模与经济的关系上是异常的,而且这一资金池由私人储蓄而非公共储蓄组成。
The money has been invested conservatively, largely in US government and
corporate bonds with high credit ratings. But there is a widening gap between
the US dollar liabilities of the insurance sector and the US dollar assets the
insurers have accumulated, rising from 34 per cent of total balance sheets in
2013 to just under half today, on JPMorgan estimates. In dollar terms, the
mismatch amounts to about $420bn, or 72 per cent of Taiwan’s GDP.
这些资金投资较为保守,主要投资于信用评级较高的美国政府和企业债券。但据摩根大通
(JPMorgan)估计,保险行业的美元债务与保险公司积累的美元资产之间的差距正在扩大,
从2013年占总资产负债表的34%升至目前的不到一半。以美元计算,这种错配约为4200亿美
元,相当于台湾GDP的72%。
That is worrying. Currency exposures have historically been hedged on a rolling
basis but these days they are increasingly unhedged, given the rising cost of
buying protection against FX movements. If the Taiwanese dollar were to weaken,
it could trigger losses far beyond the measly coupon payments that are
collected on the bonds, forcing the country’s insurers to pull back from the
US market.
这是令人担忧的。从历史上看,外汇风险缺口一直是在滚动基础上进行对冲的,但考虑到
防范外汇波动的购买成本不断上升,这些风险缺口如今越来越不进行对冲。如果新台币走
软,可能引发的损失将远远超出这些债券的票面价值,迫使台湾保险公司撤出美国市场。
This is arguably a systemic risk. Taiwanese insurers hold about 4 per cent of
the entire US investment-grade corporate bond market, and 14 per cent of
longer-term corporate bonds, according to JPMorgan. Insurers’ holdings of US
mortgage-backed securities have nearly doubled over the past five years, to
$260bn. That makes Taiwan the second-biggest foreign owner of such securities.
这可以说是一种系统性风险。摩根大通(JPMorgan)表示,台湾保险公司持有整个美国投资
级企业债券市场约4%的份额,以及较长期企业债券的14%。过去5年,保险公司持有的美国
抵押贷款支持证券(mbs)几乎翻了一倍,达到2600亿美元。这使得台湾成为此类证券的第二
大外国持有者。
That is not all. Taiwanese banks have also become big players in the Fed funds
market, where US interest rates are set, now accounting for about 12 per cent
of all trading volume. It is therefore possible that domestic financial
ructions in Taiwan could even affect the implementation of US monetary policy.
这还不是全部。台湾各银行也已成为美联储(Fed)基金市场的重要参与者。美国利率由美联
储制定,目前台湾各银行约占全部交易量的12%。因此,台湾国内金融动荡甚至可能影响美
国货币政策的实施。
Authorities in Taiwan have attempted to grapple with these issues, through
regulatory measures that attempt to ameliorate the rising currency risks. But
this has become a game of whack-a-mole, with insurers finding innovative ways
to skirt restrictions — such as developing a $14bn market for Taiwan
dollar-denominated exchange traded funds that simply buy US dollar bonds.
台湾当局试图通过监管措施来解决这些问题,试图缓解不断上升的汇率风险。但这已成为
一场“打地鼠”游戏,保险公司找到了规避限制的创新方法,例如为只购买美元债券的以
新台币计价的交易所交易基金(ETF)开发一个140亿美元的市场。
So far the US-Taiwan financial entanglement has been beneficial to both sides.
But deterioration is a risk that investors need to be aware of — especially
at a time when markets are already frazzled.
到目前为止,美台金融纠结对双方都有利。但恶化是投资者需要意识到的风险——尤其是
在市场已经疲惫不堪的时候。
其实就是台湾闲钱太多,市场不足以吸收这些资金
结果一大堆都跑去美国,这点应该是大家都知道的
之前有个东西叫做福尔摩沙债券Formosa Bond,外国公司来台发行,以外币计价的债券
原本不列为外国投资,结果保险业狂买
现在已经被金管会ban掉惹
日经亚洲评论有一篇"Emerging-market bonds lose luster as capital flees"
https://tinyurl.com/yxh5nghr
正如文中所述,最近好像又有很多保险业者用国内ETF的名义投资外国债券
已经达到140亿美元
金管会如果看不下去可能又要ban了
台湾真的是钱太多没地方用R
作者: realtw (realtw)   2018-03-06 00:33:00
我前面早就阐述得很清楚了
作者: joshua781021 (youren)   2019-06-05 01:07:00
美债4% 完全看不出储蓄险的优势在哪

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