[外絮] 谈热火进攻

楼主: idiotsmart (不吃蕃茄)   2013-12-12 22:45:53
LeBron James controls the chessboard
LeBron James掌控全局
(底下签名档有图文好读版)
This won't surprise you: The Miami Heat have one of the best offenses in the
NBA. But as entertaining as it is to watch the two-time defending NBA
champions execute, it's been equally fascinating to watch them evolve. The
Heat's approach to scoring has changed drastically over the past few years.
Just ask LeBron James.
迈阿密热火队是联盟进攻最佳的球队之一,不意外吧。但这支二连霸的球队不单
只在执行战术方面值得欣赏,其战术进化更是迷人。热火队进攻战术在过去这几
年的改变之大。问LeBron就知道了。
"No one cares who shoots," James told me. "We went from a team that played a
lot of isolation basketball to [being] first or second in the league in
assists. Everyone on the team feels so comfortable offensively. We get the
ball from one side to the other side, shifting the defense then attacking it
or spraying out for 3s."
“没人在乎谁出手。”James告诉我。“我们从一支大量单打的球队,变成一支联
到另一边,去转移敌方防守阵势,然后进攻篮框或传出去丢三分。”
Scoring in the NBA is by no means easy. But when James is on the floor, Miami
sure makes it look that way. The Heat are currently averaging an insane 111.9
points per 100 possessions with James on the floor. It's convenient to
suggest that Miami's proficient scoring is merely a byproduct of its talent,
but that overlooks a remarkable transformation in the team's philosophy and
system. Yes, Miami has several gifted players, but as we saw last season in
Los Angeles, talent alone guarantees nothing in the NBA. Teamwork and
intelligent schemes are still required. Getting players to collectively
generate value rather than just contribute as individuals is still the
hallmark of winning basketball; it's also the hallmark of the current Heat
offense.
在NBA场上得分不是件简单的事。不过当James在场上,热火队让得分看起来颇轻
松。热火队在有James时,其进攻效率是夸张的每百回得111.9分。你可以轻易的
解释说热火精通于得分纯粹是球员天份使然,但这么说便忽略球队进攻哲学和系
统的惊人转变。没错,热火队有几位天赋异禀的球员,但看看上季的湖人队,只
有天份在NBA并不代表什么。要成功依然需要团队合作和高明的策略。赢球的保证
是让球员们能合作产生效益,而非单打独斗。这也是现在热火进攻的正字标记。
In November, I visited Miami to talk about the team's offense with James. As
always, he is constantly thinking a few moves ahead and meditating on
progress. At 28 he is squarely in his prime but remains obsessed with
improvement, both as an individual player and as a member of a team. Of all
the things to appreciate about the four-time MVP, one aspect has still gone
relatively uncelebrated: The best individual player in the world is also one
of the most thoughtful teammates another basketball player could have.
十一月时,我去热火队和James谈谈热火的进攻。一如往常地,他持续思考下一步
棋该如何走。28岁的他,正处于巅峰期,但依旧执著于进步,无论在个人技巧或
是身为团队的一份子。在所有人们该欣赏这位四次MVP的特质中,有一项依旧较少
提起。这位地表最佳球员,同时是每个篮球员所想要有的体贴队友。
"Our offense has grown over the years," James said. "We've all had to make
sacrifices for our offense to become better. But as far as where we are
today, I feel great. We're at a record pace, assists are high, efficiency is
high, field goal percentage, 3-point percentage, we're doing it all. So I'm
feeling really good. But I'm always thinking about ways to improve."
“我们的进攻在这几年持续进步。”James表示。“为了让团队进攻更好,我们都
该要有所牺牲。但至今为止,我觉得很赞。记录上显示我们很好,助攻高、效率
佳、命中率和三分球命中率都做得很好。所以我感到很开心。但我一直在思考如
何更进一步。”
James discussed the key elements of the team's offense in a folding chair at
the edge of the Heat locker room on a quiet off day after a breezy home win
against Milwaukee; it was the team's first victory on what would become a
nine-game win streak. As one of the team's leaders, he has helped to engineer
and implement the tactics that are now dominating the league. It didn't
happen overnight, but the offense has steadily improved and its diverse
collection of talent has gradually coalesced. This is a very different team
from the one that lost to Dallas in the Finals two and a half years ago.
在主场对公鹿队愉悦的胜利后的一个休兵日,James在热火休息室的折椅上和我讨
论球队进攻的关键。而这场胜利开启了九连胜。身为球队领袖之一,他帮助球队
操作及实行现在立于联盟顶端的进攻战术。这并非一蹴可几的,不过热火进攻稳
定的进步,并且球队找来的各方好汉渐渐产生化学效应。现在这支热火队和两年
半前在总冠军输给小牛队的球队已大为不同。
I wanted to look at this offense through James's eyes, analyzing each of his
key teammates and talk about how these individual parts add up to a
terrifying whole.
我想要透过James的眼里来观察热火进攻,分析每个关键球员并谈论这些零件如何
组合成可怕的进攻武器。
Chris Bosh: The Disrupter
Chris Bosh:防线破坏者
In 2010-11, the season in which Miami last lost a playoff series, the Heat
ranked 25th in the NBA in assist percentage. By last season, they ranked
13th. And so far this season, they're ranked second, assisting on 64 percent
of their field goals.
在2010-11球季,也就是热火队最后一次输掉季后赛系列的球季,球队的助攻率是
联盟第25。上一季,他们排第13。这季目前为止,他们排第2,64%的入球是由助
攻产生。
Chris Bosh is one of the most frequent recipients of those assists, and
according to James he is also the catalyst for many of the team's key
offensive actions. "Our offense is predicated through CB playing a lot of the
high-post and 18-foot areas, knowing that he's going to be played by a lot of
5s," said James. "The centers in our league are always trying to protect the
rim, and CB is always like our outlet on offense."
Chris Bosh是最常接这些传球的人之一,而且根据James所说,他也是许多球队关
键进攻的催化剂。“我们许多进攻战术基于CB打很多高位和在18呎左右的进攻,
你要知道他很多时间将会打5号位。”James表示。“联盟中的中锋都试着保护禁
区,而CB一直是我们的进攻砲管。”
Bosh gets a lot of open shots when defenders cheat off of him to double an
attacker and that attacker gets the ball to Bosh in his sweet spot.
当防守者不理会Bosh去包夹持球进攻者时,持球者便把球传到Bosh出手舒服的位
置,他因此从中获得相当多空档出手机会,
http://ppt.cc/LqxY
Bosh, who would be the primary scorer on many other NBA teams, has become one
of the most efficient jump-shooting big men in the league. He made a
ridiculous 53 percent of his shots from those areas between 16 and 24 feet
last season (as a whole, the league shoots 38 percent there), a level of
efficiency that demands defensive attention and forces opposing big men to
rove far from the basket. In Miami, Bosh's role as a scorer is secondary to
his ability to set obstructive screens and disrupt the effectiveness of the
opposition's interior defense.
本能在多数其他NBA球队当得分王的Bosh,现在是联盟中最有效率的跳投长人之一
。上季,他的16到24呎跳投命中率是夸张的53%(联盟整体平均是38%),这种准
度让防守必须盯着他,而且能逼使对方长人在外围徘徊。在热火队,Bosh的得分
角色是次要的,而主要的是他能帮持球者档人及扰乱对手内线防守的效率。
"It becomes a matchup problem," James said. "Anytime you can bring one of the
best defenders out of the paint — you know, like Roy Hibbert, Dwight Howard,
Tyson Chandler, or any of these guys like Marc Gasol that protect the paint
so well — that allows driving lanes for myself and D-Wade to come much
easier."
“这会造成对位困扰。”James表示。“每当你可以把最好的油漆区防守球员吸引
出来,你知道像是Roy Hibbert、Dwight Howard、Tyson Chandler或是Marc Gasol
这些优秀的禁区保卫者,便让我和D-Wade的切入空间更大。”
Space has become one of the core concepts as the team has migrated away from
the isolation-heavy schemes that characterized the unsuccessful first year of
the Big Three era. According to head coach Erik Spoelstra, "We learned a lot
from the pain of the Dallas Finals loss. One of the things that was clear was
that it would be essential for us to utilize more movement, especially off
the ball, and in general to move the ball more. Less self-will plays, less
isolation, less dribbling, less holding. We coined it 'pace and space.'"
自从第三年的三巨头时代后,热火队便那从不成功的重单打的进攻策略,转移成
视进攻空间为核心概念的策略。根据总教练Erik Spoelstra所说:“我们从总冠
军战输给小牛的痛苦中学到很多。我们搞清楚利用更多跑动更为重要,尤其是无
球的跑动,而且整体而言要有更多球的转移。少一点固执、单打、运球,以及持
球。我们称之为‘节奏和空间’。”
This pace-and-space approach forced the team's primary scorers to change
their approaches. Along with James, another player who was asked to change
his game was Dwyane Wade, who morphed from one of the most effective
isolation players in the league to one of the game's best cutters.
这套节奏和空间法门迫使球队的主要进攻手改变他们的进攻招式。除了James外,
另一外被要求要改变打法的就是Dwyane Wade。他从联盟中最有效率的单打好手,
转变为球场上最佳空切高手。
Dwyane Wade: The Cutter
Dwyane Wade:撕裂者
"We figured out ways through the years to play without the ball. D-Wade makes
great cuts into the lane," said James. "It definitely helps our team get
paint points. Paint points are the easiest shots. The game has evolved over
the years with the long ball, and you have to have that in your game because
it definitely helps a lot, but paint points are still the easiest shots. We
run a lot of spread offense, we run a lot of pick-and-rolls, but we do have
paint guys, guys who get into the paint and score, guys like myself and
D-Wade, who shoots 65 percent in the paint — that's huge for us."
“我们花了几年时间找到无球的打法。D-Wade能做出漂亮禁区空手走位。”James
表示。“这确实帮助我们球队在油漆区得分。篮下得分是最简单的。多年来比赛
渐渐进化出许多长距离跳投的进攻,而因为这些远距离跳投很有帮助,进攻少不
了它们。但油漆区得分依旧是最容易的。我们跑很多拉开距离的进攻战术、很多
档拆。不过我们也有很多在禁区讨生活的球员,像是我和D-Wade都会想办法到篮
下得分。像D-Wade有65%的出手在油漆区,这对我们来说很重要。”
This season, you can see the maturation of James and Wade's basketball
relationship. There have been countless eye-popping highlights, but one play
from this season in particular sticks out in James's mind. It was late in the
second quarter of an early-season home game against the Wizards.
这个赛季,你可以看到James和Wade在场上合作的成熟程度。虽然有过无数让人眼
睛为之一亮的精彩镜头,但James脑中所浮现的是这季某次的进攻。这一球是开季
不久,在一场主场对战巫师第二节末发生的。
http://i.minus.com/iAAiGQURgotZN.gif
In the box score it looks like just another Dwyane Wade field goal and LeBron
James assist. But there's much more to it than that. There's the underlying
architecture; there's the way James visualized Wade's slip to the rim before
it happened; there's the ruthless quickness and energy of the cut itself;
there's the impeccable delivery of the pass, hitting Wade in perfect stride.
This play not only demonstrates Wade's incredible cutting abilities — it
provides a glimpse into the playmaking mind of James and his keen ability to
envision basketball plays before they happen. This kind of action is far more
common now than it was three years ago.
在数据盒子中,这球看起来只是Dwyane Wade其中一个入球以及LeBron James的
一次助攻。但数据不能展现出这球代表的意义。这球里面隐含着精密的设计、显
示出James在Wade溜到篮下前便能预见这件事、代表空手切本身快又充满能量、
包含无懈可击的传球,让Wade能有最佳的上篮步伐。这球不但展示出Wade的惊人
的空切能力,也可以从中看到James的控场能力,以及在脑中事先构想进攻战术
的锐利预见能力。这些进攻战术比起三年前更为常见。
http://ppt.cc/Ordt
Rumors of Wade's demise as a scoring force have been greatly exaggerated.
He's never been an elite jump shooter, but that's not his game — he's one of
the league's premier "attack guards" or "power guards." Last season, he led
all guards in scoring efficiency in the NBA's most important real estate,
making 65 percent of his 549 shots near the basket.
说Wade的得分力消失的谣言是过于渲染了。他一直没有顶级的跳投能力,但跳投
不是他的比赛习性。他是联盟顶尖的“进攻型后卫”或“强力后卫”。上季,他
在NBA球场最重要区块的得分效率领先全联盟,549球的篮框附近出手(7.5尺内)
能命中65%。
Wade's impressive interior production is the result of plentiful transition
chances and the open spaces generated by Miami's improved half-court schemes.
The scoring area in the NBA is about 1,300 square feet. In other words, the
tactical zone in which NBA offenses operate is about the same size as a
spacious three-bedroom condo on Biscayne Boulevard. Like the league's other
great offenses, Miami forces opponents to defend every nook and cranny of
that space, diluting the defense and attacking the middle of the floor with
frequent pick-and-rolls. It's not uncommon for Miami to stash shooters in the
corners and dare defenders to collapse in to protect the hoop from Wade or
James.
Wade令人赞叹的内线得分效率来自于相当多攻守转换的机会,和热火改善后的半
场战术所创造出的空档机会。NBA球场能得分的区域约为1,300平方呎。换句话说
,NBA进攻战术可以运用的空间大致上和Biscayne大道上的三房公寓一样宽敞。如
同其他NBA球队的优秀进攻,热火队迫使对手要防守这个空间的每一寸,削弱防守
压力,并且利用频繁的档拆来进攻中路。热火习惯在角落埋伏射手,让对手不敢
内缩防堵Wade或James。
"Our offense is predicated on space," James said. "We have our shooters out
there spacing the floor with Shane, Ray, Rio, and James Jones — we have some
snipers on our team. They come in and spread the floor and just knock down
shots if you're not paying attention to them."
“我们进攻的中心思想是空间。”James表示。“我们有许多射手在场上拉开空间
,像是Shane、Ray、Rio和James Jones。我们队上可是有一些狙击手呢。他们在
场上拉开空间,然后趁你不注意他们时便能砍进外线。”
As a possession unfolds, the offense collectively reads and reacts like a
prizefighter waiting for one little opening or one tiny mistake. The Heat
have the best corner men in the game. They use Shane Battier, Ray Allen,
Rashard Lewis, and James Jones like rooks on a chessboard. At times it may
seem like the shooters are standing idle. In actuality they're acting as
spatial anchors, forcing the defense to mind the entire width of the
offensive area and providing even more freedom for the Hall of Fame attackers
to operate inside the arc.
进攻开始时,团队集体去解读对方防守,并做出适当反应。像是职业拳击手等待
一点点空档或是一丝丝的失误空隙。热火队有着联盟最佳的角落射手。他们把Shane
Battier、Ray Allen、Rashard Lewis和James Jones这几位球员用的像西洋棋的
城堡般。有时,这些射手看起来只是在那边呆站。事实上,他们负责拉开空间,
迫使防守方去注意整个进攻区域,然后让那些名人堂级进攻手能更舒服在三分线
内进攻。
Shane Battier and Ray Allen: The Rocket Launchers
Shane Battier和Ray Allen:重砲手
Nobody made more corner 3s last season than Shane Battier. He made 48 percent
of his shots in the right corner and 44 percent in the left, marks much
greater than the league averages. Battier has never been a terribly versatile
offensive threat, but the way he's used in the Heat offense demands defensive
attention.
上季,没人比Shane Battier投进更多角落三分球。他的右边角落三分命中率是48%
,左边则是44%。这数据比起联盟平均好上许多。他一直都不是手段多变的进攻威
胁,但他在热火进攻定位使防守方需要花心思在他身上。
http://ppt.cc/eUI~
And if Battier is on a cold streak, the Heat can always turn to the best
3-point shooter in NBA history. Ray Allen, despite being at the end of his
career, continues to be a difference-maker — just ask the Spurs. James loves
having Allen on his side and is constantly looking for a chance to get him an
open look.
而每当Battier手感冰冷时,热火队永远能转而依靠NBA史上最佳三分射手。尽管
Ray Allen现在处于生涯末段,依旧持续能在场上做出改变,问问马刺队便知。进
攻时,James热爱Allen和他在同一边,并持续的让Allen有空档出手机会。
http://ppt.cc/1rdA
"When I'm in attack mode, I get a lot of eyes and I know that," James said.
"I attract a lot of attention. For some odd reason teams seem to forget that
Ray Allen is the best shooter ever created, and so they pay attention to me
and all I need is a split second — and all he needs is a split second; he
gets the ball off faster than [anyone] I've ever seen — and once I can see a
defender's eyes pay attention to me and come off Ray, I'm going to him."
“当我在进攻状态时,我知道我被很多防守者注意。”James表示。“我吸引很多
防守者的注意。不知道为什么,其他队似乎忘记Ray Allen是史上最佳射手。所以
他们会把注意力放我身上,而我只需要几秒钟,他也只需要几秒钟。他的出手速
度是我看过最快的。而只要我看到防守者的眼睛在注意我并离开Ray,我便会传球
给他。”
For the Heat, it's a very basic basketball play, but it's simply unstoppable.
对热火而言,这是非常基本的篮球战术,但就是无法阻止。
Those shooters are a major reason why Miami's roster is full of made men with
two rings. James calls them "rocket launchers." Over the past few seasons as
the team has meshed, the on-court synthesis between perimeter threats and
paint attackers has become downright unfair. If you watch the Heat, you can
see a perpetual awareness — particularly in James — of exactly where those
shooters will be.
这些射手是热火队球员能带上两个冠军戒的主因。James称呼他们为“重砲手”。
在过去几季球队的磨合后,外线威胁和内线进攻手的场上默契好的有点犯规。如
果你看热火队比赛,你可以发现球员一直能察觉射手会身在何处,尤其是James持
球时。
http://i.minus.com/iQ6Ohe0fCEm0p.gif
That awareness wasn't there a few years ago when James first moved to South
Beach. But the arrivals of Battier and Allen made the team smarter and
further justified Spoelstra's pace-and-space philosophy. The result is the
best offense that James has ever been a part of. Not only is it much more
efficient than that first year of the Big Three era, it's also far more
advanced than Mike Brown's clunky Cleveland schemes. The new offense keeps
every offensive player involved and ensures that each player is weaponized.
Everyone gets touches, everyone feels more invested, and now Miami has the
best "inside-outside" sequences in the league. The Heat are currently making
a ridiculous 41 percent of their 3-point attempts, good for fourth-best in
the NBA.
在几年前James刚到南滩时,这些默契并没产生。但Battier和Allen到来后,让球
队更聪明,也佐证了Spoelstra的“节奏和空间”进攻哲学。结果便是James所在
球队里,进攻最好的一支。这不单比第一年三巨头时代更为有效率,也比Mike
Brown在骑士队的笨重进攻策略更为先进。新的进攻策略让每个球员都能参予进攻
,并确保每个球员都是进攻武器。每位球员都能碰到球、每个人都觉得被赋予进
攻责任,而现在热火队有联盟最佳的“内外”配合。现在热火队的三分命中率是
夸张的41%,排名NBA第四。
LeBron James: The Kasparov
LeBron James:球场棋王
There are very few scoring forces more frightening than Ray Allen's
long-range jumper. LeBron James attacking the basket in single coverage is
definitely one of them. When he talks about that "odd reason" defenders
forget about Allen, he only needs to look in the mirror. You don't leave
Jesus Shuttlesworth alone in the corner for just anyone.
联盟中比Ray Allen三分砲还要有威胁的得分力并不多。不过LeBron James一对一
进攻篮下便是其中之一。当他谈到“不知为何”防守者遗忘Allen,他只要照镜子
便知道原因为何。你不会为了随便一人,放Jesus Shuttleworth(译按:Ray
Allen在电影He Got Game中饰演的脚色)在角落空档无人防守。
James is the team's leading scorer. Last season, he became a very good
3-point shooter, making more than 40 percent of his attempts. In 2011-12, he
added a post game. Still, as a scoring threat, he remains most effective
attacking the basket, getting dunks in transition, drawing fouls on dribble
drives, or catching and finishing alley-oops. Perhaps no stat reveals James's
overall domination more than this one: He led the league in both scoring and
efficiency near the rim last season.
James是球队的得分王。上季,他成为优秀的三分射手,命中率超过40%。在2011-
12球季,他增加了低位进攻。身为一个得分威胁,他依旧保持最佳的进攻篮框效
率,在攻守转换时灌篮、运球切入时造成犯规,或是接获空抛并想办法把球放进
。或许没有数据比下面这个能展现出James的整体统治力。他上季在篮下的得分和
效率都排名联盟第一。
http://ppt.cc/G8Hp
And yet … he is a playmaker at heart. James's willingness to think ahead and
facilitate for his teammates is what sets him apart from his fellow NBA
megastars. Spoelstra credits the Heat's team-first culture to James: "Your
team naturally takes on the personality traits of your best player. We are
very fortunate that LeBron is such an unselfish and giving player for someone
so talented. Same for Dwyane and Chris. It makes it much easier for everyone
else to buy into team basketball."
不过,他内心依旧热爱传球。James有意愿去提前一步思考进攻并帮助队友这件事
,让他和其他NBA巨星有所区分。Spoelstra把热火队有团队至上的文化归功于James
:“你的球队会自然而然的受球队最佳球员的个人特色影响。LeBron这么有天分
的球员却能无私又愿意牺牲,我们能拥有这种球员是非常幸运的。Dwyane和Chris
也是这种球员。这对于其他人融入团队篮球来说便会更为简单。”
On the court, James knows he can beat almost any individual defender in the
league. So as he attacks, he often focuses on the eyes of help defenders,
allowing their behavior to key what happens next. If they collapse, he kicks;
if they don't, he attacks. But James sees the play unfold in his mind before
he makes it on the court.
球场上,James几乎可以单吃联盟中任一位防守者。所以当他进攻时,他常常会专
注于协防者的眼光,为了去预测这些防守者的下一步。如果他们防线崩溃,那他
就会把球传出去。若非,则他会进攻篮框。不过James在进攻发生前,便会预先构
想接下来会发生的事。
"For me, the one-on-one guy I believe I can get around every time," James
said. "But it's always the second or third guy that I'm paying attention to,
and I'm seeing plays before they happen."
“对我来说,我相信每次都能单吃一对一防守。”James表示。“但我总是注意第
二位或第三位防守者,而我会在进攻发生前预想之。”
Is he clairvoyant? Well, that would help explain some things. But what's more
likely is that he is a studious player who has seen so much help defense, and
so much collapsing, that he now knows not only what's going to happen before
it goes down, but also precisely what to do about it. Ten years into his NBA
career, he is now able to convert that information into the perfect
basketball play.
他有念能力吗?如果有的话,那倒能解释些事。但更可能的解答是他是一位认真的
球员,因为看过太多协防和防线崩溃,所以他不单知道接下来会发生什么事,而且
能精确的做出反应。十年的NBA生涯,让他现在能把脑内资讯完美转换成的场上进
攻。
It's a cliché to say that LeBron James makes the players around him better.
But that is exactly what is happening. If you placed any member of the Heat
on another team, his efficiency would likely suffer. James is a rising tide
that lifts all the boats on Miami's roster. The combination of his poise,
vision, athleticism, and basketball IQ enables him to survey the court as if
it were a chessboard. It's this ability that separates him from "pure
scorers" like Carmelo Anthony. He is more Kasparov than Kobe. Even the people
closest to him see him as a chess player: "All my family members have been
saying, 'Listen, you need to learn how to play chess, because that will be
your game.'" But James already has a game, and he is already its grand master.
说LeBron James让队友更好已经是老生常谈了。不过这的确是事实。如果你把热火
队的任一成员放到其他队,他的效率可能就会变差。James像是撑起热火这艘大船
的涨潮。他的冷静、视野、运动能力和篮球智商的组合,使他可以像审视棋盘般综
观全场。这种能力让他和Carmelo Anthony这类“纯得分手”有了区分。他比较像
世界西洋棋王Kasparov,而非Kobe。甚至连他身边的人都视他为西洋棋手,他说:
“我所有家人都一直跟我说:‘听着,你应该学习如何下西洋棋,因为这将会成为
属于你的游戏。’”但James已经有属于他的比赛了,而且他已经是这比赛的大师
级人物。
原文网址-
http://tinyurl.com/o62oefv
心得:
由于文章已经是几天前的了
所以内文的数据或和现在有所出入
但图片数据皆为上季资料
热火进攻由几年前的无双式进攻
演变成现在的团队打法
实在是不容易
不过就像马刺打了10年的团队篮球一样
打团队篮球绝对比单纯球星自干有效率,而且有更加好看
不管立场如何
能看到这些球星合作无间真的是一件球场上的好事情
作者: jack19931993 (三無少年)   2012-02-19 19:30:00
这脸快烂掉了吧....
作者: galaxiehuang (misterdonut来看^_^思,1)   2013-12-12 23:00:00
推一个认真翻译

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