※ [本文转录自 RedSox 看板 #1Ht5GDkp ]
作者: kelpiejo (开啤酒) 看板: RedSox
标题: [翻译] Salty深度访谈
时间: Wed Jul 10 02:18:50 2013
http://www.fangraphs.com/blogs/in-depth-with-jarrod-saltalamacchia/
今天看到这篇文章就决定虽然可能翻得不好要翻他了！
今年投手群至今表现还不错，Salty有功劳也有苦劳啊
加上我本身之前练过几年捕手，对于Tek到Salty都很是喜爱（当然还有Mirabelli）
翻起来特别带劲，但还是很多地方可能有误
请各位大大不吝指教
这是最近一场赛前的访问
前言就不翻了
Saltalamacchia on setting the tone: “The first pitch of last night’s game
was a fastball away. Nine times out of 10, that’s what it’s going to be.
Most pitchers throw off their glove side, so for a righty, it’s away to a
righty. But it depends on how that guy likes to pitch. With Jon Lester, there
are times we’ll start hard in. We want that pitch to be a strike so his
cutter becomes more effective. He can throw a four-seam in, for a strike, and
that activates the hitter thinking, “‘OK, now I’ve got to be ready for
that heater in.’ Then we can throw something that looks like a heater, but
it moves and they foul it off. Now the count is 0-2.
小盐谈控场
“昨晚整场比赛的第一球是一个外角速球，大部分的比赛都是这样的。大部分的投手会
丢到戴手套那一手的更外面，所以如果是右投手，就会丢到右打者的外角。不过也是要
看投手的习惯啦，比方说Lester，有时候我们会用内角速球开始比赛。最好是个好球，
这样他的cutter就会更有效率。他可以丢个内角好球进来，然后打者就会开始想啦，‘
OK，我现在准备好要打这颗内角速球了 ’，这时候我们就可以来一颗看起来像是速球，
但是最后转出去然后被打成界外球。这样就两好球没有坏球了。”
“A first-pitch fastball sets the tone. “Every pitcher’s No. 1 pitch should
be a fastball. He needs to trust himself enough to know it can play, that it
can beat the hitter. There are guys like Ian Kinsler — who like to swing at
that first pitch — but that doesn’t mean you go away from the fastball. You
just throw it to the outside corner, as opposed to down the middle or middle
in. When I was in Texas, Mike Maddux always used to stress what the batting
average is when you throw a first-pitch strike and get ahead.
“用速球当第一球可以控制整个局面。每个投手最拿手的球路应该都要是速球，投手必
须信任自己投得更好可以打败打者。有的人，像Ian Kinsler，爱打第一球，但这不代表
你就不丢速球了。只要丢到外角的角落，不要失投到红中就好。我在游骑兵的时候，Mike
Maddux（译注：投手教练，疯狗Greg Maddux他哥）总是强调当你第一球丢好球的时候，
对手的打击率是怎么样。”
“We talk about how we want to pitch guys, but we also have to go by the
situation. We want to establish the fastball — and there are guys who always
want to throw a heater on their first pitch to a batter — but if there are
runners on second and third, with less than two out, it changes. But for the
most part, with nobody on — unless it’s a Miguel Cabrera, who can really do
some damage — you’re mostly going fastball.”
“我们有想要面对打者的方式，但有时候当下的情况也是重点。我们想要用速球抢好球数
，而且有人总是想要第一球就丢速球，但是如果不到两人出局二三垒有人，情况就不同了
。不过大部分的时候，没人在垒上，第一球就是速球啦，除非是Miguel Cabrera上来。
On pitchers moving on the rubber: “You have to be able to throw to both
sides of the plate. Last year, Clay Buchholz had some trouble throwing inside
to lefties. He was on the third-base side of the rubber and had trouble
throwing across his body to get to that side of the plate. This year he moved
to the first-base side, which made it easier for him to do that.
小盐谈投手在投手板上的位置
“投手要有能力投到内角和外角。去年，Buchholz对左打者投不进内角，他那时候在投手
板上站得靠近三垒侧，不太能够把球投过他身体这么大的角度。今年他往一垒方向靠，这
让他好投一点了。”
“Jon Lester moved from the first-base side to the third-base side so he
could throw his cutter to [the glove side] of the plate without throwing
across his body and yanking it. He likes to throw his four-seam in there, and
could still throw his sinker away. He’s since moved to the middle of the
rubber, because he wasn’t completely comfortable on the third base side.
“Lester以前是从靠近一垒移到靠近三垒过，所以他的cutter可以再不用动作很大的情
况之下投到他手套的那一侧。他喜欢在那边投他的四缝线，也可以丢出外角的伸卡。但
是因为他靠近三垒侧并不是非常舒服，所以他又改到投手板中间了。”
“For some pitchers it’s a big adjustment to move from one side to the
other. It doesn’t sound like much, but it is. When Jonny moved to the third
base side, he felt like he could get the inside part of the plate to a
righty, but away to he was struggling a little bit — he was pushing it
there. Moving to the middle kind of cut that gap.
“对有的投手来说，移动自己在投手板上的位置是个大改变。听起来好像还好，但真的
是这样。当Lester移到靠近三垒侧时，他觉得他可以丢到右打者的内角，但是要丢到外
角就不好丢了──好像变成用推的一样。移到中间就好一点。”
“Some guys move around the rubber. Buchholz does. John Lackey has started
doing it. He moves pitch-to-pitch sometimes.”
“有的人在投手板移来移去。Buchholz是这样。Lackey也开始这么做了，有时候他每一
球都会改位子。”
On pitch sequences: “Sequences are based on different things. Maybe our
reports say ‘Pound this guy in,’ but we try working in and don’t have that
pitch today. Then we have to try something else. A lot goes off of feel. You
can’t really go off a guy’s bullpen, because he might be shitty out there
and come in and start spotting.
小盐谈配球
“这跟种种因素有关。或许我们的球探报告写‘对这个打者投内角球’但我们今天就是
无法丢出这样的球，我们就必须试试看其他办法。很多时候都是一个fu。你不太能够尽
信牛棚里的状况，有时候投手在里面烂得要命，一上场却变得很威。”
“In one recent game, we had a power hitter up and wanted to establish the
fastball with his first at bat. We started him heater away for strike one.
Now we had him in a defensive position. We knew he wanted to swing the bat —
he’s an aggressive hitter — so we were thinking something on the outside
corner he probably couldn’t pull out of the park. We went with a cutter a
little off the plate, trying to get him to chase and maybe hit it off the end
of the bat and roll over.
“最近有一场比赛，对手一个大棒子第一打席，我们想要用速球抢好球数。首先用一个外
角速球拿到一好零坏，这让他进入了被动的状况。我们知道具侵略性如他，会想要挥棒的
，所以我们就计画丢外角球，让他无法尻出球场。我们配了一个在本垒外一点点的cutter
，看能不能让他追打，或许碰到球出界。”
“You always want to get as many outs as you can with the least amount of
pitches, so right from the get go, I was thinking strike one. I wasn’t
thinking strikeout. Once we got ahead, we were looking for weak contact. If
he were to foul it off, we’d be in a position where we could do a ton of
things. If he took the pitch, and it was a ball, the count was 1-1 on an
aggressive hitter.
“你总是想要用最少的球数尽可能让打者出局，所以打从一开始，我就想着要抢好球，而
不是三振。一但抢到球数领先，我们追求的就是让打者打出鸟碰。如果他打出界外球，我
们在两好零坏就有很多选项可以来玩了。如果他不打，又被判坏球，那就是一好一坏，打
者又具有侵略性。”
“How a hitter takes a pitch plays into it. We may go sinker in, because he
just saw two pitches away, and his eyes and body are leaning that way. Maybe
we can surprise him by coming in. We can also go back outside, seeing if we
can get what we were trying to do on 1-1, because we know he’s an aggressive
pull hitter.
“这个打者怎么等球的，决定接下来要怎么配。我可能会配一个内角伸卡，因为打者刚刚
才看了两个外角球，眼睛和身体重心都在那个地方。也许一个内角球会让他惊讶。我们也
可以再来一颗外角球，就像刚刚一样看他会不会追打，因为我们知道他具有侵略性。”
“One way you can get a hitter off balance is by changing velocity. Ryan
Dempster is great at that. He can throw one 86 [mph], the next one 89, and
the one after that 92. That surprises the hitter. You can also surprise a
hitter by throwing a 2-1 changeup. That’s a good fastball count and he’s
maybe looking out over the plate, so you throw something that looks like a
fastball and he ends up too far out in front.”
“投手可以用速差让打者失去平衡。Dempster这一点很厉害。他可以先丢一球86英里，然
后89，再来92。这会让打者惊讶。一好两坏的时候丢一个变速球也会让打者惊讶。这是一
个速球的球数，打者也或许正在等这一颗速球，所以来一颗看起来像速球的，会让他过早
就出手去追打。”
On scouting reports versus reading hitters: “I go a lot off the hitter’s
swing percentage. For instance, what does he do on 3-2 counts? If a guy is a
90 percent swinger on 3-2, I feel comfortable calling my pitcher’s
second-best pitch, whether it‘s a slider, a changeup or whatever. If it’s
something we can get the hitter to swing at — out of the zone — that’s
better than giving in and throwing a fastball in the zone. You can go off a
hitter’s tendencies.
小盐谈球探报告vs现场判读打者
“我很重视打者的挥棒率。比方说，他两好三坏的时候会做什么？如果这打者在两好三坏
的时候挥棒率有九成，我可以放心地让投手丢他第二球路，不管是滑球变速球还是什么。
如果我们能让打者追打一个好球带外的球，这比速球对决好多了。打者的习性大可以遵循
。”
“Elvis Andrus is a guy who is usually trying to hit the ball to center or to
right field when he falls behind in the count. Sometimes he’ll do that early
in the count. I’ll use that to my advantage. If he wants to go that way, I’
ll let him sit out there, but maybe we’ll throw a slider that gets him a
little off the barrel. Or I might call a heater in, to jam him.
“Elvis Andrus是一个在球数落后的时候通常会想把球打到中间或是右边的打者。有时候
打席刚开始他就会这么做了。我会将这一点当作我的优势。他要是想要推到右边的话，我
会让他无法这么做，或是给他一个滑球让他只能鸟碰，或是要一个内角速球来挤压他。”
“If one of my pitchers has had success against a hitter, and is comfortable
with it, I’m going to stay with what he’s done until that hitter proves he
can make the adjustment. I’m not going to have my pitcher make an adjustment
for no reason.
“如果一个投手对某个打者一直都很成功，我会让他保持他一直以来所做的，直到这打者
证明他可以做出合宜的改变为止。我不会没事让我的投手调整自己。”
“Before a series, the coaches give us a sheet filled with numbers: 0-0, 1-1,
1-0, etc. Then there’s a section that tells you what their approach has
been. There’s a section with what they’ve done against lefties this season,
and what they’ve done against righties — how many strikeouts they’ve got,
how many walks. They go through that stuff and kind of simplify it for us,
Then I simplify it even more on my own. ‘OK, this guy’s only walked twice
in 150 at bats.’ That tells me he’s not seeing pitches; he’s trying to get
you before you get him.
“开始一个新的系列战之前，教练会给我们一张表格，上面都是一些球数。然后有一部分
告诉你这些打者近来表现如何，有一部分说他们对左投右投各打得怎么样，三振保送之类
的。教练会先看过，再帮我们简化，然后我会自己再简化一次。‘恩恩，这家伙最近150
个打数只保送两次。’这让我知道他最近没在选球，想要在你击败他之前就先击败你。”
“I look into the off-speed data, like, ‘What’s his average against sliders?
’ and ‘What’s his average against curveballs?’ He could be hitting .170,
then all of a sudden, with two strikes he’s hitting .320. What does that
tell you? It tells you that on 0-2, he’s looking soft. Or maybe he’s gone
from a .300 hitter on fastballs to an .080 hitter on 0-2 fastballs.
“我会看打者打变化球的数据，比方说‘他滑球打得怎么样？’‘他曲球打得怎么样？’
之类的。他可能平常只打.170，但是两好零坏的时候变成.320。这透露了什么？两好球没
有坏球的时候，他可能准备好要打变化球了，或是他在两好零坏的时候，速球打得特别地
差。”
“You have to look at what a hitter does on sliders, versus curveballs. On
sliders, he might be a .300 hitter and on curveballs he’s a .150 hitter, so
a slower break is better against this guy. When I was in Texas, Maddux would
be, ‘Nick Swisher is hitting .130 on curveballs this year, so I’m like, ‘
OK, curveballs.’ But Scott Feldman was on the mound for us, and when Scott
threw his curveball, Swisher was crushing it. It was a different curveball
than, for instance, Justin Verlander’s. That’s where I have to get on video
and see what exactly he’s hitting. Or maybe someone has been hitting .200 on
curveballs, but he’s been crushing them right at people.
“你得注意打者对滑球和曲球打得怎么样。对滑球他可能是个三成的打者，但是对曲球只
打一成五，所以对他还是投曲球比较好。以前我在游骑兵的时候，Maddux教练会说‘恩，
Swisher打曲球只打一成三，那就用曲球应付他吧。’但是我的搭档Feldman投的曲球
Swisher却打很好，这就是个不能拿来跟，恩，Verlander所丢出来的相提并论的曲球了。
这种情况我就必须去看录影带，了解他到底是怎么打击的。
“The data we use is usually from the last seven or eight games. Hitters can
be making adjustments, because that’s what this game is about. That’s where
a catcher’s feel behind the plate comes in. It might be, ‘He took a pretty
good swing on that, so let’s try this.’ Playing against these guys more and
more helps, because you get to know them. The first game of a series against
Detroit, if you haven’t seen them in awhile, is tough.
我们所用的资讯通常是来自于最近的七八场比赛。打者可能正在改变，毕竟这就是大联盟
啊，而这也正是捕手的FU发挥作用的时候。比方说‘他刚刚那个球挥棒挥得不错，那来试
试看另一颗球。’和这些球员打得越多，认识他们越多越有帮助。如果你隔了一阵子才又
对上底特律老虎，系列战的第一场真的很难蹲。”
“The biggest thing for me has been getting more comfortable with what my
pitchers can do. I think I’ve always had a pretty good feel for what the
right pitch is, but I can’t ask my pitcher to do something he’s not capable
of doing. Knowledge and trust are important, so the more you know them, the
better.”
“对我来说最重要的就是信赖投手所能做到的。我想我一直都了解最适合的球路是什么，
但我没办法要求我的投手去做他做不到的事情啊。了解和信任是很重要的，你认识他们越
深越好。”
On movement and receiving: “I don’t know if you can get late break on a
breaking pitch, but you can get sharper break. Taz’s [Junichi Tazawa]
curveball kind of tumbles in there, as opposed to Alex Wilson’s slider,
which is sharper — he gets some good tilt. When Jonny Lester throws a good
curveball, it’s got good tight spin and just kind of drops. It’s not late
break so much as sharper break.
小盐论动作和接球
我不知道你能不能看出那些变得很晚的变化球，不过你看得出变化幅度很大的变化球。田
泽纯一的曲球掉的没那么多，Alex Wilson的滑球不一样，很锐利。当Lester的曲球丢得
好的时候，旋得很好，掉得没那么多。”
“Other guys, as soon as it comes out of their hand, it starts to move. Those
are usually the guys who are pushing the ball a little bit, or are underneath
it, and that’s what’s causing the ball to kind of run out of their hands.
Those guys are easier to see. If you know someone is a sinker guy — and you
see it sinking right out of his hand — he’s probably getting under it and
pushing it.”
“有的投手当球一出手的时候，球就开始变化了。这些投手可能都有点在推球，让球有点
从手里面跑出来。这样的投手比较好辨别。如果你知道这个人是一个伸卡投手，而他的球
从一出手就开始沉，他大概就有点在推球了。”
On deception, timing, and being on the same page: “Guys who are deceptive
often have a funky windup, or they hide the ball well and it just kind of
pops out of nowhere. C.C. Sabathia is like that. Felix Doubront, in his last
few outings, has been doing something to be a little more deceptive. We’ve
worked on kind of getting a little… it’s almost like a Felix Hernandez
turn. It’s not as drastic — it’s just a little bit — but it keeps him
loading on his backside and not jumping.
小盐论欺骗打者，时机，和默契
“会骗人的投手通常都有个怪异的动作，或是他们球藏得很好，让球出手看起来像是忽然
出现一样。CC是这样，Doubront这几场也做了一些有点骗人的动作。我们有一起试着让他
看起来有点骗人，有点像是Felix Hernandez的动作，但没那么激烈，只有一点点而已，
而且这调整也帮助Doubront重心维持。”
“A lot of times, it’s just a guy who has a quicker motion and keeps the
timing off the hitter. That acts as deception, because the hitter is
thinking, ‘Okay, when do I get ready,’ as opposed to having a comfortable
at bat where you’re just trying to see the ball.
“很多时候，其实只是投手动作比较快，而且时机掌握得好。这样就像在骗打者，因为打
者会想‘啊，我什么时候该准备好呢’，而不是好好地选球打击了。”
“If you look at Mike Trout, his average and OPS are down with men on base. A
big reason for that, we feel, is timing. When a pitcher is in the windup, he
can time that — he can stay back, lift his leg, and be on time. A pitcher in
the stretch can slide step or lift his leg. That’s a reason some guys maybe
aren’t as good with runners in scoring position.
“来谈谈Trout好了。垒上有人的时候他的打击率和OPS都变低。我觉得一个很大的原因是
时机。当垒上没人，投手开始绕臂的时候，他可以计算时间，好好地准备，抬腿，打击出
去。但是垒上有人的时候，投手动作不同，这时机的差异或许是有的人垒上有人打不好的
原因之一。”
“I think one reason Tampa was so good last year is that, not only are their
pitchers good, they’re on the mound, ready to go, before the ball is even
back to them. As a hitter, that can be frustrating. They want to go quick,
and as a hitter you want things slow. You want to take your time. You can’t
time a guy who is getting the ball and going. That’s tempo. You want your
pitchers to go fast, but at the same time, they have to make their pitch. I
don’t want to ask Koji [Uehara] or Taz, who are kind of high leg-kick guys,
to slide step or quick-pitch. They’re not necessarily capable of that, so
you have to meet them in the middle.
“我觉得光芒去年这么威的原因，不仅是投手表现得好，他们在球还没回到手中的时候，
在投手丘上就已经准备好要投球了。对打者来说，这很挫折。光芒的投手想要快节奏，但
是打者通常都想要慢慢来，你没办法在一个一拿到球就准备要投球的投手身上算时间。这
就是节奏。你希望你的投手快一点，但同时，他们也是要好好投球的。我不会想要求上原
或是田泽这种抬腿比较高的投手出手快一点，还是要折衷一下。”
“Koji is really deceptive. He hides the ball well, for one thing. Two, he
throws strikes. Hitters know he’s not going to miss over the plate, so they
kind of have to look in one spot. He’s also got that good split. We try to
mix back and forth with location. He’s shaken me off maybe twice this whole
year, so I think it’s a matter of him feeling he can throw any pitch, at any
time, where he wants. That’s a good feeling, because in my mind I can call
what I want and have a good feel for it. He’s not going to shake; he’s just
going to throw it.
“上原很会骗人。他藏球藏得很好，这是第一。其次，他投得进好球带。打者知道他不会
投得差太多，所以他们得准备打某一点。他的指叉很不错，我们试着在落点上做各种变化
。这一整季他只对我的配球摇过两次头吧，所以我想要什么时候要往哪里丢什么球，都是
他可以控制的。这感觉很棒，因为我就可以配我感觉对的球路，他不会摇头，他只会投进
来。
“Some guys — especially younger pitchers — aren’t going to shake,
regardless. They’re just going to go off of what the catcher calls. Some
guys — especially veteran guys — you just get a feel for. With Jonny, it’s
taken a few years, but we’ve pretty much gotten close to the same page. We
know what we’re capable of doing and what’s working that day. But a lot of
it — as a catcher — is that a pitcher is going to throw what he wants to
throw. He needs to have conviction to throw that pitch, so I’m not going to
get upset and complain if he shakes. At the same time, I need him to execute.
If he’s throwing a pitch I don’t think is the right pitch, he better
execute.”
“有些人，尤其是年轻投手，不管怎样都不会摇头，他们就只是跟着捕手走。有的投手呢
，尤其是资深一点的，你就是对他很熟悉。跟Lester确实是花上好一些时间，但我们默契
越来越好，我们知道我们能力所及可以做些什么，也知道那天做什么比较有效。但是身为
一个捕手来说，很多时候都是投手投他想丢的球路。他必须要有足够的信念才能投得好，
所以投手摇头的时候我不会不爽或是抱怨，我需要他好好投。如果他要投一个我不觉得应
该投的球，他最好是好好投。”
On raw stuff and heavy fastballs: “Allen Webster’s stuff is as good as
anyone in the league. When he puts it together and learns how to pitch, he’s
going to be good. He throws 97 [mph], with a 95 sinker. We’ve had to go to
his sinker a lot, because that’s what he’s had more command with. He’s got
a changeup, which is his best off-speed pitch. His changeup is good. He’ll
throw his fastball 97 and then his changeup 87. It comes out with good
four-seam rotation, so it’s very deceptive.
小盐论stuff和球质
“Webster的stuff和联盟其他人一样好，等到他振作起来，学会怎么投球就行了。他可以
丢到97英里，伸卡有95，我们之前得依赖他的伸卡，因为他伸卡投比较好。他最好的变化
球是变速球，跟速球差了10英里，而且看起来跟四缝线旋得一样，很容易骗到打者。”
“Some guy throw a heavier ball; it’s literally heavier. For whatever reason
— I don’t know if it’s better backspin, more of a downward angle, or what
it is — the ball is heavier. You can actually feel that when it hits your
glove. Alex Wilson throws a heavy ball, as opposed to someone like Taz. For
some reason it’s just different. I’ve never been able to explain it, but
some guys just throw a heavier ball.”
“有的人投球比较重，真的比较重，不知道什么原因，就是比较重。当你接进手套的时候
会有感觉。Alex Wilson的球很重，田泽比起来就不重。他们丢的球就是不一样，我真的
无法解释，反正有人丢的球就是比较重。”
On developing into a good defensive catcher: “Catcher is the toughest
position to evolve. You can be a great catch-and-throw guy, but calling a
game is going to take some time. And when you’re a taller guy, it takes time
to get under your body and learn the throwing and blocking. I’m not
satisfied with where I’m at — I always feel I can do better — but I feel I
have a good base now. The past few years have been a little tough, but I’ve
gotten better.
小盐论怎么如何在防守端成为一个好捕手
“捕手是球场上最难发展的位置。接球传球都不难，但要掌控全场得花一点时间。你如果
太高的话，还得花时间学习怎么蹲低来接球和挡球。我对我的现况并不满足，应该可以再
进步，但是我想我现在打的基础应该不错。过去这几年有点辛苦，但我现在已经更好了。
“Coaches play a big role in what we do. Knowing your pitching staff, and
what they’re capable of doing, also plays a big role. Two or three years
ago, I didn’t know these guys, so I didn’t always feel comfortable calling
for a 3-1 changeup, or a 3-2 changeup. I wasn’t sure if they could do it.
Now I know if a guy can execute or not, so I’m not afraid to call certain
pitches in certain situations. Knowledge is a big part of calling a game.”
“教练在捕手的工作中扮演很重要的角色。了解投手群和他们的能力也很重要。两三年前
我不认识这些人，所以我在一好三坏或满球数的时候配个变速球会没信心，我不确定他们
是否可以做到。现在我知道这个投手投得好不好，所以我在某个情况要配某颗球就不害怕
了。要掌控全场，这些知识真的很重要。”