这是原文:http://ppt.cc/qGNy
在Reddit上的传送门:http://ppt.cc/bz0z
作者为Parth N
Reddit ID parthenon456
在8月18日发表
作者是前波音的工程师/分析师
这是一篇针对TSM vs DIG四连战做的案例分析
但在分析之前，作者对于西方电竞下的赛事分析做了一些简介
会想转译一些他的想法是因为
他提到了分析师的目标和实证分析、脉络分析的二种概念
另外我也不会全翻，以免触犯作者的著作权
分析师目标
Every team is different, and the goal of an analyst is to maximize the
utility of preparation by complementing the team’s strengths with the
evolving meta game and scene.
每个队伍都是特别的，而分析师的目标借由对meta的演进及背景去辅助队伍
以最大化准备的成效。
实证分析 Empirical Analysis
结合经验和观察去对竞赛做适应及调整，因在韩国被广泛使用，而韩国拥有
足够的资源进行有效的创新，所以也成为了各区提取灵感的来源。
脉络分析 Context Analysis
他会提出这个概念的原因在于，他认为西方队伍都过度依赖直接把韩国meta中实证
结果拿来用，而不是深入去分析和评价每个元素背后的成功脉络是什么。
脉络分析的目的去厘清实证分析中成功的结果和情境
事后分析 Retrospective Analysis
类似于Case Study和看RP
从文章开头有提到目前的两种分析风格
Competitive League of Legends analysis in the western scene relies heavily on
empirical analysis, where teams in the competitive scene adapt using a
combination of observation and experience. This concept has been widely
successful because the Korean competitive scene, that has the resources to
innovate efficiently, serves as an adequate model to draw inspiration from.
Meanwhile, context analysis is a more optimal approach because it helps to
translate the utility of particular elements from one setting to another.
在西方环境下的LoL的竞技分析较重依赖实证分析，这里的队伍多是结合观察和经验去
调整自己在竞技上的表现，这个观念在韩国相当成功，他们拥有足够的资源去做有效率的
创新，而韩国经验被用于当作一个合适的模型以从中提取灵感的同时，脉络分析是一个更
为优秀的取向，因为他可以帮助我们从每一个背景中转译出特定元素的效用。
在Dominance of Empirical Analysis中他提到
为什么赛事分析多偏重于实证分析，而这导致什么样的结果
其中我认为有几段可以提出来说
Many teams don't have the ability to invest in a proper coach or analyst, and
the support staff or people in leadership positions are generally
ex-professional players or prominent members of the community, subject to the
same biases who find it difficult to see utility from different perspectives.
Additionally, the interaction between the Riot e-sports team, community, and
the professional teams is more intimate compared to other sports, which
sometimes applies a lot of pressure on teams to conform to the prevailing
ideology by stigmatizing sub-optimal compositions or different play styles,
especially if they don't work as intended.
许多队伍没有能力去投资一个适当的教练和分析师，而且支持团队和领导阶层通常为
退休选手或社群中的知名人物，受限于同样的偏见下，会发现很难去看见一件事情在不同
观点下的效用，除此之外，因电竞队与其社群较于其他运动更为亲密，有时候队伍会承受
更多的压力导致一些次优或是不同的打法被污名化，使队伍被迫让自己符合社群当时意识
型态，特别是在他们没有如预期中的有效时。
While empirical analysis helps to identify the key elements of the current
meta-game, many teams still struggle to adequately apply them to complement
their strengths and mitigate their weaknesses, because they lack the
understanding of the proper context for their application. Consider this
parallel: A common criticism of players in solo queue clamoring to play
champions used in LCS is that those champions may not have the same success
in an environment lacking the proper team coordination and strategic
direction. Similarly, the top Korean teams are constantly adapting the
opportunity costs of their in-game decisions in a way to maximize the
efficiency of their champion picks and strategies, something that can't
easily be determined by observation. Thus, if the underlying assumptions are
mistranslated, the utility that teams gain from using that innovative
advantage decreases considerably.
当时正分析帮助队伍找到当下meta的关键元素，许多队伍仍然在充分运用这些元素来
增强他们的优势和弥补缺陷中挣扎，因为他们缺乏对这些元素应该应用在什么脉络下的
认知，与此相似的，solo-queue的玩家常见的批评就是坚持使用一些在LCS上的那些在特
定队伍协调和战略目标下才能有效发挥的英雄，而韩国也是如此，顶尖韩国队伍不停的
调整他们在游戏中的机会成本去最大化他们在英雄选择和战术上的效益，而有时候这是
不能简单地用观察去决定的，因此，如果观察后的基本假设是错误的，将会导致使用这
个概念的队伍所发挥的效益显著的降低。
这其实在描述他们在学习韩国meta中，仅用实证分析去了解韩国的成功meta
所导致的一些失败结果。
因此他在Introduction of Context analysis中提到
Teams should instead focus on forming an identity around unique proclivities
of their members and establishing their own hierarchy of pre-game and in-game
opportunity costs before using the empirical data to bolster their strategy.
In the same way that players have to understand the fundamentals and nuances
of a role before learning specific champions to fit that role, teams must
recognize the connections between the strengths and weaknesses of their
players and game, before assessing and adapting to the meta or opponent.
队伍应该聚焦建立对于成员的独特倾向的认识，然后在直接使用实证结果支持战术之前
建立属于他们自己的游戏前、中期的机会成本顺序，同时选手也必须选择一个英雄之前
了解角色的基本面向，队伍必须先认识自己的优劣势，进而评估Meta和对手。
打到这里有点累了，会想要转这篇文章过来是因为，很少看见台湾的分析文走的是
脉络分析，绝大多是都是实证和事后，另外也希望能够提供一些范本给想要写分析文
的板友，也想看看各位对这些概念的想法。
另外如果阅读上和翻译上有一些错误，请不吝指教，不过我晚点出门后可能要回家才能
修改了