作答雅思Heading题可用“简易法”也可用“常用法”
简易法我分享过了
这次来分享常用法
时代老师教的“常用法”是去分析段落结构然后找主题句
常用法可以用在大多数的段落中做分析判断
我举几个题目来告诉大家老师教的方法
怎么抓出主题句
还有怎么进一步选出正确的Heading
例子一
1. The probable effects of the new international trade agreement
2. The environmental impact of modern farming
3. Farming and soil erosion
4. The effects of government policy in rich countries
5. Governments and management of the environment
6. The effects of government policy in poor countries
7. Farming and food output
8. The effects of government policy on food output
9. The new prospects for world trade
All these activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example,
land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation;
chemical fertilisers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more
intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate
soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding
varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old
varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against
pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land
in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful
measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its
farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil's
productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11
per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China
is vanishing much faster than in America.
<分析>
主题句一般是会出现在句首的位置
要是第一句结束后第二句有关系词
那么主题句在第二句
满常见的是第二句最前面出现for example, for instance这种关系词
这题第一句的主题抓出来是environmental impacts
方向也抓出damaging表负向
第二句开头有for example举例的关系词
而且第二句的各个分句(分号隔开的)也可以看出是负向的
全都用来支持第一句
所以答案选2. The environmental impact of modern farming
例子二
1. Responsibilities of responding police officers
2. Perceived advantages of rapid response
3. Police response to public satisfaction
4. Communicating response time to people requesting help
5. When rapid response is and is not necessary
6. Role of technology in improving police response
7. Response time and success of response
8. Public demand for catching criminals
9. Obstacles to quickly contacting the police
While these may be the desired consequences of rapid police response, actual
research has not shown it to be quite so beneficial. For example, it has been
demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest only
if responses are in the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the
police. When response times increase to 3-4 minutes - still quite a rapid
response - the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced. Similarly,
in identifying witnesses to emergencies or crimes, police are far more likely
to be successful if they arrive at the scene no more than four minutes, on
average, after receiving a call for help. Yet both police officers and the
public define ‘rapid response’ as responding up to 10-12 minutes after
calling the police for help.
<分析>
第一句出现while转折关系词
说明了方向是前正向后负向
转折词之后才是重点
可以判断出主题是rapid police response
方向是has not shown it … beneficial表负向
接下来的内容也在在用负向去支持：
greater likelihood … 1-2 minutes
increase to 3-4 minutes … is substantially reduced
Similarly …
be successful … no more than four minutes
Yet … define … up to 10-12 minutes
所以答案选7. Response time and success of response
例子三
1. The effect of changing demographics on organizations
2. Future changes in the European workforce
3. The unstructured interview and its validity
4. The person-skills match approach to selection
5. The implications of a poor person-environment fit
6. Some poor selection decisions
7. The validity of selection procedures
8. The person-environment fit
9. Past and future demographic changes in Europe
10. Adequate and inadequate explanations of organizational failure
An organization is only as good as the people it employs. Selecting the right
person for the job involves more than identifying the essential or desirable
range of skills, educational and professional qualifications necessary to
perform the job and then recruiting the candidate who is most likely to
possess these skills or at least is perceived to have the ability and
predisposition to acquire them. This is a purely person-skills match approach
to selection.
<分析>
第一句的主题抓出来是两方organization和people的比较
方向是as good as表示组织和人一样好坏
后面讲出“选的人要具备skills, qualifications, ability等等”
接着This is a purely person-skills match …概括并总结前面的内容
可以知道这题的主题句放在最后一句
所以答案选4. The person-skills match approach to selection
如何快速判断Heading我自己还在练习
题目出来我还是要思索一番才能作答
因为真的很考验阅读理解力
单字量也要够才有办法看懂文章
我目前有在实施提升英文阅读能力的方法
如果后来有见效再来分享~