1.新闻网址︰
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj4v0rey0jzo.amp
2.新闻来源︰
BBC
3.完整新闻标题
Putin approves changes to Russia's nuclear doctrine
4.完整新闻内容︰
Vladimir Putin has approved changes to Russia’s nuclear doctrine, setting out n
ew conditions under which the country would consider using its arsenal.
The doctrine now says an attack from a non-nuclear state, if backed by a nuclear
power, will be treated as a joint assault on Russia.
The update was proposed in September and rubber stamped on Tuesday, the 1,000th
day of the war with Ukraine.
It also follows Washington’s decision on Monday to allow Ukraine to fire long-r
ange US missiles into Russia.
Under the changes, a large attack on Russia with conventional missiles, drones o
r aircraft could meet the criteria for a nuclear response, as could an attack on
Belarus or any critical threat to Russia's sovereignty.
Any aggression against Russia by a state which is a member of a coalition would
be seen by Moscow as aggression from the whole group.
The updates expand the number of countries and coalitions, and the kinds of mili
tary threats, subject to a possible nuclear response, according to state-run new
s agency Tass.
Putin has threatened the use of nuclear weapons before, and Ukraine has criticis
ed it as "nuclear sabre-rattling" to deter its allies from providing further sup
port.
But Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said "we strongly are in favour of do
ing everything to not allow nuclear war to happen".
Speaking at a press conference at the G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, Mr Lavrov sa
id a declaration signed by the group, which includes Russia "clearly said we wan
t to move towards a world free of nuclear weapons".
Announcing the change, the Kremlin urged other countries to study the changes.
"This is a very important text," Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said, accord
ing to Tass, adding "it should become a subject to a very deep analysis".
On Monday, Russia warned of "an appropriate and tangible" response to US Preside
nt Joe Biden's move to let Ukraine use ATACMS missiles to strike the country.
Such an attack inside Russian territory "would represent the direct involvement
of the United States and its satellites in hostilities against Russia", a foreig
n ministry statement said.
Mr Peskov said on Tuesday that the new doctrine was published "in a timely manne
r" and that Putin had requested it be updated earlier this year so that it was "
in line with the current situation", AP reported.
普京已批准对俄罗斯核武准则的修改，设定了该国考虑使用核武库的新条件。
新准则指出，如果非核武国家在核武大国支持下对俄罗斯发动攻击，将被视为对俄罗斯的联
合攻击。
这项更新是在9月提出，并在与乌克兰战争第1000天的周二获得批准。
这也是在美国周一允许乌克兰向俄罗斯发射美制长程导弹之后的回应。
根据修改后的准则，使用常规导弹、无人机或飞机对俄罗斯发动的大规模攻击，以及对白俄
罗斯的攻击或对俄罗斯主权的任何重大威胁，都可能符合核武回应的标准。
莫斯科会将联盟成员国对俄罗斯的任何侵略行为视为来自整个集团的侵略。
据国营塔斯社报导，这次更新扩大了可能遭受核武回应的国家和联盟数量，以及军事威胁的
类型。
普京此前曾威胁使用核武器，而乌克兰批评这是"核武恫吓"，意在阻止其盟友提供进一步支
持。
但俄罗斯外长拉夫罗夫表示："我们强烈主张竭尽所能防止核战争发生。"
在里约热内卢G20峰会的新闻发布会上，拉夫罗夫说，包括俄罗斯在内的各国签署的宣言"明
确表示我们希望迈向一个无核武器的世界"。
在宣布变更时，克里姆林宫敦促其他国家研究这些改变。
据塔斯社报导，克里姆林宫发言人佩斯科夫说："这是一个非常重要的文本"，并补充说"它
应该成为深入分析的主题"。
周一，俄罗斯警告说，对于拜登总统允许乌克兰使用ATACMS导弹打击该国的举动，将作出"
适当且具体"的回应。
俄罗斯外交部的一份声明称，在俄罗斯领土内的此类攻击"将代表美国及其卫星国直接参与
对俄罗斯的敌对行动"。
据美联社报导，佩斯科夫周二表示，新准则的发布"时机恰当"，而且普京早在今年就要求更
新准则，使其"符合当前形势"。
5.附注、心得、想法︰
干 现在真的有那种冷战时期 古巴核弹危机的港觉
普丁把使用核武的标准降低到
核武国(ex.美国)提供的武器攻击俄罗斯也能用核弹
胆小鬼游戏快到极限惹
感觉窝窝三要来惹 要躲去哪里比较好？