1.新闻网址︰
https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2024/01/Einstein_Probe_lifts_off_on_a_
mission_to_monitor_the_X-ray_sky

https://reurl.cc/eLW52M

2.新闻来源︰ ESA website


3.完整新闻标题
Einstein Probe lifts off on a mission to monitor the X-ray sky

4.完整新闻内容︰

The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) spacecraft Einstein Probe lifted off on a
Chang Zheng (Long March) 2C rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in C
hina at 15:03 CST / 07:03 GMT / 08:03 CET on 9 January 2024. With the successful
launch, Einstein Probe began its mission to survey the sky and hunt for bursts
of X-ray light from mysterious objects such as neutron stars and black holes.

Einstein Probe is a collaboration led by CAS with the European Space Agency (ESA
) and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Germany.

“I would like to congratulate our colleagues at CAS on the successful launch of
an innovative mission that is set to make great strides in the field of X-ray a
stronomy,” says Carole Mundell, ESA’s Director of Science. “At ESA, we value
international collaboration to advance science and deepen our understanding of t
he cosmos. I wish the Einstein Probe team a very successful mission.”

To efficiently monitor the entire sky and routinely discover new X-ray sources,
Einstein Probe is equipped with two instruments that together deliver a wide and
sensitive view of the celestial sphere: the Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT) an
d the Follow-up X-ray Telescope (FXT). The design of WXT’s optics is inspired b
y the eyes of lobsters; in a modular layout, it employs hundreds of thousands sq
uare fibres that channel light onto the detectors. This gives Einstein Probe the
unique capability to observe nearly one tenth of the celestial sphere in a sing
le glance. New X-ray sources spotted by WXT will be immediately targeted with FX
T, which has a narrower view but is more sensitive and will capture more details
.

ESA supported testing and calibrating of the X-ray detectors and the optics of W
XT and developed the mirror assembly of one of FXT’s two telescopes in collabor
ation with MPE and Media Lario (Italy). MPE contributed the mirror assembly for
the other telescope of FXT, as well as the detector modules for both FXT units.
ESA also provided the system to deflect unwanted electrons away from the detecto
rs (the electron diverter). Throughout the mission, ESA’s ground stations will
be used to help download the data from the spacecraft.

In return for these contributions ESA will get access to 10% of the data generat
ed by Einstein Probe’s observations.

The ability of the mission to spot new X-ray sources and monitor how they change
over time is fundamental to improving our grasp of the most energetic processes
in the Universe. Powerful blasts of X-rays occur when neutron stars collide, su
pernovas explode, and matter is swallowed by black holes or ejected from the cru
shing magnetic fields that envelop them.

“I am looking forward to the discoveries that Einstein Probe will enable,” say
s Erik Kuulkers, ESA’s Einstein Probe Project Scientist. “Thanks to its unique
ly wide gaze, we will be able to catch the X-ray light from collisions between n
eutron stars and find out what is causing some of the gravitational waves we det
ect on Earth. Often, when these elusive space-time ripples are registered, we ca
nnot locate where they are coming from. By promptly spotting the burst of X-rays
, we will pinpoint the origin of many gravitational wave events.”

After launch, Einstein Probe reached its orbit at an altitude of approximately 6
00 km. The spacecraft circles the Earth every 96 minutes with an orbital inclina
tion of 29 degrees and it is able to monitor almost the full night-sky in just t
hree orbits.

In the next six months, the operation team will be engaged in testing and calibr
ating the instruments. After this preparation phase, Einstein Probe will spend a
t least three years attentively watching the entire X-ray sky.

中国科学院（CAS）的爱因斯坦探测器于2024年1月9日15:03中国标准时间，搭载长征二号丙
运载火箭从西昌卫星发射中心升空。成功发射后，爱因斯坦探测器开始了其任务，对天空进
行调查，寻找来自神秘物体（如中子星和黑洞）的X射线光脉冲。
爱因斯坦探测器是由CAS牵头与欧洲太空总署（ESA）和德国马克斯·普朗克天体物理研究所（
MPE）合作的项目。
ESA科学总监卡罗尔·门德尔表示：“我要祝贺CAS同事成功发射这项创新任务，将在X射线天
文学领域取得巨大进展。在ESA，我们重视国际合作，以推进科学并深化对宇宙的理解。我祝
爱因斯坦探测器团队取得极大成功。”
为了有效监测整个天空并定期发现新的X射线源，爱因斯坦探测器配备了两个仪器，共同提供
广泛且灵敏的天球视野：广视场X射线望远镜（WXT）和跟踪X射线望远镜（FXT）。 WXT的光
学设计灵感来自龙虾的眼睛；它以模块化布局，使用数十万平方光纤引导光线到检测器。这
使爱因斯坦探测器具有一瞥观测近乎天球十分之一的独特能力。WXT发现的新X射线源将立即
被FXT定位，后者的视野较窄但更灵敏，能够捕捉更多细节。
ESA支持对X射线检测器和WXT光学的测试和校准，并与MPE和Media Lario（意大利）合作开发
了FXT的其中一个望远镜的镜组装。 MPE为FXT的另一个望远镜提供了镜组装，以及两个FXT单
元的检测器模块。ESA还提供了将不需要的电子偏离到检测器外的系统（电子分流器）。在整
个任务期间，ESA的地面站将用于协助从太空船下载数据。
作为这些贡献的回报，ESA将获得爱因斯坦探测器观测产生的数据的10％访问权。
这项任务发现新的X射线源并监测它们随时间的变化的能力，对于提高我们对宇宙中最高能量
过程的理解至关重要。当中子星相撞、超新星爆炸，以及物质被黑洞吞噬或从包裹它们的巨
大磁场中喷射时，就会发生强烈的X射线爆发。
ESA的爱因斯坦探测器项目科学家埃里克·库尔克斯表示：“我期待着爱因斯坦探测器将带来
的发现。由于其独特的广视野，我们将能够捕捉来自中子星碰撞的X射线光，并了解引起我们
在地球上检测到的某些引力波的原因。通常，当这些难以捉摸的时空涟漪被记录时，我们无
法确定它们来自何处。通过迅速发现X射线爆发，我们将能够确定许多引力波事件的起源。”
发射后，爱因斯坦探测器达到约600公里的轨道高度。该太空船每96分钟绕地球一圈，轨道倾
斜度为29度，仅需三个轨道即可监测几乎整个夜空。
在接下来的六个月中，运营团队将参与仪器的测试和校准。在这个准备阶段之后，爱因斯坦
探测器将花费至少三年的时间，专注地观察整个X射线天空。
5.附注、心得、想法︰
台湾今天吵的主角Einstein probe已经在正确的轨道上囉！
蛮好奇发射轨道偏离如国防部所示，卫星有办法如期在正确轨道上运作吗？
有没神人来分享一下？

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