https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1945538.pdf
https://i.imgur.com/aooI5xO.png
美国学者George B. Galloway 1927的论文
"The Investigative Function of Congress" “国会的调查权”
前言 https://i.imgur.com/SF8yd8u.png
1923至1924年的冬季和春季，一场国会调查的暴风雪席卷了美国首都。政党线路被阻塞，
政治家们被埋没，而华盛顿的官僚体系则被一连串对政府部门行为的质询所冷冻。政府行
政体系几乎无一幸免于审查。调查的主题范围从茶壶圆顶和麋鹿山的海军石油储备租赁，
到在声誉可疑的福布斯主任之下的退伍军人局的管理。国会透过其委员会对国家政府行政
部门的官员行为，发起了超过四十项的审查。
他给的结论 https://i.imgur.com/PEczyJS.png
In conclusion, it seems safe to say that the investigating committee has
acquired a permanent, important, and salutary place in governmental practice.
On the whole, its use has clearly justified its existence. Members of
Congress do not fully appreciate the important part it has played in the
course of our history.
总的来说，调查委员会在政府运作中已获得了一个永久性、重要且有益的地位。整体而言
，它的使用已充分证明了其存在的正当性。国会成员并未完全意识到它在我们历史进程中
所扮演的重要角色。
Busied with the tasks of the present, most of them enjoying short tenures
only, they fail to realize that Congress has kept pace with the expanding
powers of the President, thanks, in large part, to these legislative
inquests. They do not suspect that the cumulative effect of almost three
hundred inquiries has been a change in our constitutional arrangements not
envisaged by the Fathers. The investigating committee has become more than a
particular form of parliamentary procedure. Together with the standing
committee system, it is "the buckle that binds, the hyphen that joins" the
legislature to the executive. It has taken the place of the cabinet in the
English constitutional system, has provided an effective means of control,
has informed public opinion, and has considerably augmented the power of
Congress. In it may be discerned the inevitable extra-constitutional growth
which, like the bi-party system, has spread its influence throughout the
federal government.
忙于当下的工作，大多数国会成员任期短暂，他们未能察觉到国会是如何在这些立法调查
的大力协助下，与总统职权的扩张保持同步的。他们也没有意识到，近三百次的调查累计
起来对我们的宪政安排产生了一种创始人未曾预见的变化。调查委员会已成为超越特定议
会程序形式的存在。与常设委员会系统一起，它成了“绑定立法与行政机构的扣环，连接
两者的连字号”。它在英国宪政系统中取代了内阁的角色，提供了有效的控制手段，普及
了公众意见，并显著增强了国会的权力。在其中可以看到不可避免的宪政体制外成长，这
种成长就像双党制一样，其影响已遍及整个联邦政府。
备注
原来100年前就有了....
看得懂英文真的很重要XD