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1.媒体来源:
外媒 phys.org
2.记者署名:
by University of Reading
创立于1892年。大学现有四个校区，位于英国南部的伯克郡雷丁市周边。1926年接受皇家
宪章。
3.完整新闻标题:
'New El Niño' discovered south of the equator
赤道以南发现“新圣婴”现象
4.完整新闻内文:
'New El Niño' discovered south of the equator
by University of Reading
A small area of the southwestern Pacific Ocean, near New Zealand and
Australia, can trigger temperature changes that affect the entire Southern
Hemisphere, a new study has found.
赤道以南发现“新圣婴”现象
雷丁 大学
一项新研究发现，西南太平洋靠近新西兰和澳洲的一小片区域可能引发影响整个南半球的
温度变化。
The new climate pattern, which shares some characteristics with the El Niño
phenomenon, has been named the "Southern Hemisphere Circumpolar Wavenumber-4
Pattern."
Unlike El Niño, which starts in the tropics, this new pattern begins in the
mid-latitudes. The study, published this month in the Journal of Geophysical
Research: Oceans, highlights how important the interaction between the ocean
and atmosphere is for our climate.
这种新的气候模式与厄尔尼诺现像有一些共同特征，被命名为“南半球绕极波数4模式”
。
与始于热带的厄尔尼诺现像不同，这种新模式始于中纬度地区。这项研究发表在本月的《
地球物理研究期刊：海洋》上，强调了海洋和大气之间的相互作用对我们的气候有多重要
。
Balaji Senapati, lead author of the study at the University of Reading, said,
"This discovery is like finding a new switch in Earth's climate. It shows
that a relatively small area of the ocean can have wide-reaching effects on
global weather and climate patterns.
"Understanding this new weather system could greatly improve weather
forecasting and climate prediction, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. It
might help explain climate changes that were previously mysterious and could
improve our ability to predict extreme weather and climate events."
雷丁大学这项研究的主要作者巴拉吉·塞纳帕蒂（Balaji Senapati）表示：“这项发现
就像发现了地球气候的新转变。它表明相对较小的海洋区域可以对全球天气和气候产生广
泛影响。
“了解这个新的天气系统可以极大地改善天气预报和气候预测，特别是在南半球。它可能
有助于解释以前神秘的气候变化，并可以提高我们预测极端天气和气候事件的能力。”
Hidden in plain sight
Researchers used sophisticated climate models to simulate 300 years of
climate conditions. This model combines atmospheric, oceanic, and sea-ice
components to create a comprehensive representation of Earth's climate
system. By analyzing this simulated data, the team identified a recurring
pattern of sea surface temperature variations circling the Southern
Hemisphere.
隐藏在众目睽睽之下
研究人员使用复杂的气候模型模拟了 300 年的气候条件。该模型结合了大气、海洋和海
冰成分，创建了地球气候系统的综合表示。透过分析这些模拟数据，研究小组确定了南半
球周围海面温度变化的重复模式。
The weather pattern works like a global chain reaction. This pattern creates
four alternating warm and cool areas in the oceans, forming a complete circle
in the Southern Hemisphere. It starts near the ocean of New Zealand and
Australia. When the ocean temperature changes in this small area, it triggers
a ripple effect in the atmosphere. This creates a wave-like pattern that
travels around the entire Southern Hemisphere, carried by strong westerly
winds.
As this atmospheric wave moves, it affects ocean temperatures, creating the
four warm and cool areas.
天气模式就像全球连锁反应一样。这种模式在海洋中形成了四个交替的温暖和凉爽区域，
在南半球形成了一个完整的圆圈。它始于新西兰和澳洲的海洋附近。当这个小区域的海洋
温度改变时，就会在大气中引发连锁反应。这形成了一种波浪状的图案，在强劲的西风的
带动下环绕整个南半球。
当大气波移动时，它会影响海洋温度，形成四个温暖和凉爽的区域。
The ocean plays a big role in this process. When the atmospheric wave changes
wind patterns, it affects how heat moves between the ocean and air. This
changes the depth of the ocean's upper layer of warmer water, which can make
temperature changes stronger or weaker.
海洋在这个过程中扮演着重要角色。当大气波改变风型时，它会影响热量在海洋和空气之
间的移动方式。这会改变海洋上层较暖水的深度，使温度变化更强或更弱。
This new pattern happens independently of other known weather systems in the
tropics, such as the warming El Niño pattern of currents and trade winds, or
its opposite, cooling phase, La Niña. This suggests it has always been a
part of Earth's climate, but it has only just been noticed.
这种新模式的发生独立于热带地区其他已知的天气系统，例如变暖的厄尔尼诺现象和信风
，或其相反的冷却阶段拉尼娜现象。这表明它一直是地球气候的一部分，但只是刚刚被注
意到。
More information: Balaji Senapati et al, Southern Hemisphere Circumpolar
Wavenumber‐4 Pattern Simulated in SINTEX‐F2 Coupled Model, Journal of
Geophysical Research: Oceans (2024). DOI: 10.1029/2023JC020801
Journal information: Journal of Geophysical Research
Provided by University of Reading
更多资讯： Balaji Senapati 等人，SINTEX-F2 耦合模型中模拟的南半球绕极波数 4 模
式，地球物理研究杂志：海洋(2024)。DOI：10.1029/2023JC020801
期刊资讯： 地球物理研究杂志
由雷丁大学 提供
5.完整新闻连结 (或短网址)不可用YAHOO、LINE、MSN等转载媒体:
https://phys.org/news/2024-07-el-nio-south-equator.html
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