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1.媒体来源:
外媒 space.com
2.记者署名:
By Sharmila Kuthunur
3.完整新闻标题:
Beavers are helping fight climate change, satellite data shows
卫星证实河狸正在尝试解救地球
4.完整新闻内文:
Beavers are helping fight climate change, satellite data shows
By Sharmila Kuthunur published 16 hours ago
Satellites reveal denser green patches of vegetation where beavers were
reintroduced.
卫星显示，河狸被重新引入的地方有更茂密的绿色植被。
A beaver floating in the water.
一只河狸漂浮在水中。
Scientists are using satellite data to identify streams where beavers can be
reintroduced to help boost the local ecosystem. (Image credit: NASA)
科学家正在利用卫星数据来识别可以重新引入河狸的溪流，以帮助促进当地生态系统的发
展。 （图片来源：美国太空总署）
As global warming intensifies droughts, floods and wildfires around the
world, scientists in western United States are turning to beavers to help
reverse some of the damage.
Scientists at Utah's Boise State University and Utah State University are
using satellite data to identify streams where once-eradicated beavers can be
re-introduced to boost vegetation. They're also recording how water abundance
and vegetation bordering those streams changes once beavers return — metrics
of environmental health.
随着全球暖化加剧了世界各地的干旱、洪水和野火，美国西部的科学家开始利用河狸来帮
助扭转一些损失。
犹他州博伊西州立大学和犹他州立大学的科学家正在利用卫星数据来确定可以重新引入曾
经被消灭的河狸以促进植被生长的溪流。他们也记录了河狸返回后水丰度和溪流周边植被
的变化—环境健康指标。
"The real value of using satellite data for monitoring is that there are
people on the ground working hard and implementing things like increasing
water availability, increasing fish and species habitat," Jodi Brandt, an
associate professor at Boise State University who leads a team using
satellite data to quantify the impact of beavers on local ecosystems, said in
a previous NASA statement. "The more support we can give them, the more
broadly these practices can proliferate."
由博伊西州立大学副教授Jodi Brandt 领导的一个团队表示：“使用卫星数据进行监测的
真正价值在于，人们在地面上努力工作并实施诸如增加水资源供应、增加鱼类和物种栖息
地之类的事情。 ”美国太空总署。 “我们给予他们的支持越多，这些做法就能得到
更广泛的推广。”
Beavers are "furry weapons of climate resilience," according to one New York
Times article. They are innately wired to build dams on rivers and streams, a
measure of protection from predators like bears, cougars and wolves. These
dams, composed of materials sourced from trees, branches, twigs, stones and
grasses cut by beavers' teeth, slow the flow of water that would otherwise
gush through the region, according to the National Park Service. The pools
subsequently created by the dams then offer a safe haven for the beaver to
build their oven-shaped dens while also boosting green vegetation — in turn,
this reduces the risk of forest fires and mitigating the effects of droughts
and floods that have become increasingly frequent and severe in recent years
due to human-induced global warming.
《纽约时报》的一篇文章称，河狸是“适应气候变迁的毛茸茸的武器” 。它们天生就喜
欢在河流和溪流上建造水坝，这是抵御熊、美洲狮和狼等掠食者的保护措施。据国家公园
管理局称，这些水坝由来自树木、树枝、细枝、石头和河狸牙齿切下的草的材料组成，可
以减缓流经该地区的水流。大坝随后形成的水池为河狸建造烤箱状巢穴提供了一个安全的
避风港，同时也促进了绿色植被的生长—反过来，这降低了森林火灾的风险，并减轻了
日益严重的干旱和洪水的影响。
A 3-month-old beaver kit enjoys its new home after its family was relocated
from a concrete drainage ditch in urban Aurora, Colorado, to a private ranch
in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. (Image credit: Sarah Koenigsberg)
一只三个月大的河狸幼崽从科罗拉多州奥罗拉市的一条混凝土排水沟搬到了落基山脉山麓
的一个私人牧场后，正在享受它的新家。（图片来源：莎拉·科尼斯堡）
Until the late 1800s, beavers had been common in lakes, streams and marshes
throughout North America. However, unregulated trapping driven by a new
demand for beaver fur reduced the animal's population from as many as 400
million beavers in the 1600s to just 10 million to 15 million today,
according to the California Department of Fish and Wildlife.
直到 1800 年代末，河狸在北美各地的湖泊、溪流和沼泽中都很常见。然而，根据加州鱼
类和野生动物部的数据，由于对河狸皮毛的新需求，不受管制的诱捕行为导致河狸数量
从 1600 年代的 4 亿只减少到如今的 1000 万至 1500 万只。
In response to the decline, California, Idaho and Utah are among a handful of
U.S. states that have recently launched major beaver restoration programs.
Sure enough, data from a NASA satellite shows denser patches of green
vegetation where beavers have been reintroduced when compared to areas where
their population is limited. For instance, a stream near Preston, Idaho, is
now flowing 40 days longer into the year thanks to over 200 beaver dams that
appeared after ranchers began beaver rewilding, according to a previous NASA
statement.
为了因应河狸数量下降的情况，加州、爱达荷州和犹他州等美国少数州最近启动了大型河
狸复育计画。果然，来自美国太空总署卫星的数据显示，与河狸数量有限的地区相比，河
狸被重新引入的地区有更密集的绿色植被。例如，根据NASA 先前的声明，由于牧场主开
始河狸野化后出现了 200 多个河狸水坝，爱达荷州普雷斯顿附近的一条溪流现在的流水
时间延长了 40 天。
A diagram showing where beavers were relocated and where they were note as
well as the differences between the areas.
这张图显示了河狸被重新安置的位置、它们被记录的位置以及区域之间的差异。
美国太空总署陆地卫星资料有助于识别可以重新引入河狸的溪流，以帮助改善生态系统。
此卫星影像中的植被指示了溪流或小溪的流动位置，并揭示了河狸活动的好处。（图片来
源：美国太空总署）
NASA Landsat data helps identify streams where beavers can be reintroduced to
help improve an ecosystem. The vegetation in this satellite image indicates
where streams or creeks are flowing and reveals the benefits of beaver
activity. (Image credit: NASA)
"Prior to beaver trapping, beaver dams were just about everywhere in the
west. So what we're attempting to do is to bring beaver dam densities back to
historic levels where possible," he said. "In doing so, we're building
important drought resiliency and restoring stream areas."
“在猎捕河狸之前，河狸坝在西部几乎随处可见。因此，我们正在尝试做的就是尽可能将
河狸坝的密度恢复到历史水平，”他说。 “通过这样做，我们正在建立重要的抗旱能力
并恢复河流地区。”
The online Beaver Restoration Assessment Tool, or BRAT, uses data from NASA's
Landsat and European Sentinel satellites to spot restoration sites that would
benefit the most from beaver-led reintroduction. The tool takes into account
available trees that beavers could use for building dams, thereby increasing
water flow, vegetation and supporting in-place human infrastructure. Once the
researchers choose a site, they attract beavers by constructing temporary
beaver-dam-like structures that make the area more hospitable for beaver
families.
线上河狸恢复评估工具（BRAT）使用来自美国宇航局陆地卫星和欧洲哨兵卫星的数据来发
现最能从河狸主导的重新引入中受益的恢复地点。该工具考虑了河狸可以用来建造水坝的
可用树木，从而增加水流、植被并支持当地的人类基础设施。一旦研究人员选择了一个地
点，他们就会透过建造临时的河狸坝状结构来吸引河狸，使该地区更适合河狸家庭。
荒山之中郁郁葱葱的景色。
A view of a lush area amid barren mountains.
Beaver dams and canals create wetlands and retain water, providing a
wildfire-resistant safe haven for wildlife and speeding post-fire recovery,
as this region in Baugh Creek, Idaho, shows. (Image credit: Schmiebel, CC
BY-SA 4.0)
正如爱达荷州鲍溪地区所显示的那样，河狸水坝和运河创造了湿地并保留了水源，为野生
动物提供了抗野火的安全港，并加快了火灾后的恢复速度。（图片来源：Schmiebel，CC
BY-SA 4.0）
Using satellite data allows researchers to not only kickstart these
decades-long restoration efforts but also monitor the results over time, for
which there are often insufficient funds available, Brandt said in a recent
NASA statement. She noted satellite data can also provide empirical evidence
of the restoration efforts which can be used to boost funding and support
from federal agencies, conservation groups, land trusts and other businesses.
布兰特在美国太空总署最近的声明中表示，利用卫星数据，研究人员不仅可以启动长达数
十年的复原工作，还可以随着时间的推移监测结果，而这方面的资金往往不足。她指出，
卫星资料还可以提供恢复工作的经验证据，可用于增加联邦机构、保护组织、土地信托和
其他企业的资金和支持。
"That's what applied science is all about – getting the users whatever is
needed for environmental decision making," Cindy Schmidt, an associate
program manager for NASA Ecological Conservation effort, said in the
statement. "The future of our planet relies on these commercial partners
working with us to do things more sustainably."
美国宇航局生态保护工作副项目经理辛迪·施密特在声明中表示：“这就是应用科学的意
义所在—为用户提供环境决策所需的一切。” “我们星球的未来依赖这些商业伙伴与
我们合作，以更可持续的方式开展工作。”
5.完整新闻连结 (或短网址)不可用YAHOO、LINE、MSN等转载媒体:
https://www.space.com/beaver-dam-nasa-satellite-data
6.备注:
你以为的地球超人
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=leNb3Qqq20s
真正的地球超人
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fESNHnXJO4