世界学术顶级的Science期刊，派人来专访以核养绿公投的发起人之一 - 李敏教授
有连结有真相：Science | AAAS https://reurl.cc/OkxAy
标题：Meet the engineering professor who got Taiwanese voters
to support nuclear power
TAIPEI—Taiwanese voters have rejected the island’s policy to phase out
nuclear energy. In a referendum held on Saturday, 59% of voters supported
overturning legislation enacted last year that would end all use of nuclear
power by 2025.
简单翻译：以核养绿公投得到59%的同意票比例，打脸了蔡英文的2025非核家园政策
Taiwan’s three nuclear reactors provided 8.3% of its electricity in 2017,
according to the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The Democratic Progressive
Party (DPP), which controls both the presidency and the legislature, had
hoped to take nuclear power out of the mix by increasing the share of
renewable sources in power generation to 20% by 2025; 50% would come from
liquefied natural gas (LNG) and 30% from coal. But pro-nuclear advocates
gathered more than 290,000 valid signatures in favor of a referendum on
removing the nuclear phaseout clause from the books—enough for the
referendum to proceed.
蔡英文的2025非核家园政策是，2025年是再生能源提高到20%来取代核电
天然气提高到50%、燃煤30%，但拥核人士拿到超过29万份有效连署书，让公投成行
Science spoke with Min Lee, a nuclear engineering professor at National Tsing
Hua University in Hsinchu, Taiwan, and one of the referendum’s
co-organizers. This interview has been edited for clarity and length.
我们science专访到了清大核工的李敏教授
Q: Were you surprised by the outcome?
A: A little bit. We needed about 5 million votes to pass the referendum, and
I thought we would only pass by a small margin. But it turns out we got
almost 6 million. I’m happy because what we’re trying to do is show the
government that a nuclear-free homeland is not the consensus of society.
Q.你对这结果感到惊讶吗？
A.一点点，赢得比我想像的还多，蔡政府说非核家园是全民共识根本是唬烂
Q: What made you decide to become politically active in support of nuclear
energy?
A: My expertise is nuclear engineering and my specialty is reactor safety. I
think I know nuclear power. When the DPP came into power in 2016, they said
all nuclear power plants would be phased out. We cannot make it without
nuclear power, so I decided maybe we should do something about it. Colleagues
and I wrote many articles to remind the government that nuclear power is
important to Taiwan. But they didn’t pay attention, so I decided to organize
a public referendum.
Q.是什么让你决定在政治上积极支持核能？
A.我的专长是核能安全，我知道台湾不能没有核电，我和伙伴们写了很多文章
但蔡英文都不听，所以决定来用公投改变台湾。
Q: Why do you think Taiwan cannot make it without nuclear power?
A: The government says we are going to have 20% renewable energy. I don’t
think we can make it, because Taiwan is a highly populated island, and for
renewable energy you need large pieces of land. But even if we succeed, what
are you going to use for the remaining 80%? Coal is considered a highly
polluted fuel; people don’t like coal at all. That leaves only LNG. But
Taiwan is an island, so we have to rely on ships, LNG terminals, and a big
tank to store LNG. It’s not safe. If anything happened, we could easily be
left without gas and we could face the problem of power shortages. And the
price of LNG is not stable—it fluctuates a lot—so the price of electricity
is not going to be stable.
Q.为什么你认为台湾不能没有核电
A.再生能源则需要大片土地，台湾土地不多，2025达不到20%的。就算能达到20%好了
其他80%还是要用火力发电，人们不喜欢燃煤，但台湾是个海岛，进口天然气要用
液化天然气，液化天然气的缺点是占比太高会有储存天数太少的国安危机，
另外一个缺点是价格波动太大，会造成电价波动。
Q: Hundreds of academics wrote a letter urging the public to vote “no” on
your referendum. They argued nuclear power is unsafe and there is no
long-term solution to nuclear waste. How would you respond?
A: I think nuclear power is safe, even after the Three Mile Island accident,
Chernobyl, and Fukushima. The Three Mile Island accident happened 40 years
ago [in Pennsylvania]; the nuclear industry really made a lot of changes
since then. The Chernobyl reactor [in what is now Ukraine] used a different
design than the light-water reactor designs we use in Taiwan; what happened
in Chernobyl will not happen here. As to the nuclear power plant in
Fukushima, [Japan,] it was not damaged by the earthquake, it was the tsunami.
The Tokyo Electric Power Company really did not pay enough attention to plant
safety related to the tsunami. And we don't think nuclear power plants in
Taiwan could be hit by a tsunami of the same magnitude because the height of
a tsunami is maximal if seismic faults are parallel to the coast, as they
were in Fukushima. Faults near Taiwan are instead at an angle to the coast.
Talking about nuclear waste, there is low-level and high-level waste. We
really do not have much high-level nuclear waste, we only have spent fuel,
but it is all on-site. We can have interim storage for spent fuel in a dry
cask. So, it’s not a problem either.
Q.数百名学者写了一封信，敦促公众对你的公投投反对票。他们认为核电不安全，核废料
没有长期解决方案。你会如何回应？
A.三大核灾都不会发生在台湾核电厂身上，三厘岛事件让我们改进很多；车诺比的设计
跟台湾根本不一样；福岛事件主因不是地震是海啸，但台湾地形跟日本不同，不会
碰到大海啸。
高阶核废料其实叫做乏燃料，是可以再利用的，就算不再利用，用干贮系统也非常安全
Q: Now that the referendum result is out, what’s next?
A: If the government doesn’t do anything, we will push for another public
referendum to request that the government commercialize the fourth nuclear
power plant. We hope it can be on the ballot during the 2020 presidential
election.
Q.现在公投结果出来了，你们下一步是?
A.如果政府不采取任何行动，我们将推动另一次公投。我们将在2020年总统大选再来一次