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The Netherlands narrowly passed new legislation on Tuesday that will register
every citizen aged 18 and over as a potential organ donor, unless they
explicitly choose to opt out.
荷兰在周二时的修法惊险通过，之后18岁以上的所有国民都将成为潜在器捐者，除非他们特别明确的选择取消。
Senators in the Dutch upper house of parliament voted 38 to 36 to pass the
draft bill put forward by the progressive D66 party.
荷兰国会议员的票数以38:36票通过D66党提出的该修法的预算。
Under the new law, every Dutch adult who has not yet registered as an organ
donor will receive two letters asking them to indicate whether or not they
want to become donors. If they don't respond after the second mail they will
automatically be added to the list, but are free to amend their status at any
time.
根据新法，
所有荷兰成人尚未被登记为器捐者将会收到两张信件，
询问是否她们想要成为器捐者。若他们对第二封信没有做回应，
他们会自动被登记在名单上，但是他们仍然能够自由修改他们的状况。
The bill was already approved by the Netherlands' upper House of
Representatives in September 2016, albeit by a narrow vote of 75 to 74.
Critics of the bill complained that it put too much authority in the hands of
the government over what happens to a citizen after their death.
该预算在2016年的九月时众议院即以75票比74票通过。有些批评声浪认为官方在国民死掉之后的事情管太多了。
The drafter of the legislation, D66 MP Pia Dijkstra, said she made a number
of changes in a bid to ease its passage through the lower house. As part of
the changes, authorities must consult with the deceased's relatives. The
family will also have the final say over whether the procedure goes ahead,
according to Dijkstra.
修法的起草者，D66党的Pia Dijkstra说她在力拼通过下议院时就对草案做了很多改变。其中一些改变为，官方一定要对过世者的亲属咨商协调。家人有对该过程决定的最终权利。
Organ donor shortages have long been a problem in the Netherlands. According
to Dutch public broadcaster NOS, some 57 people died waiting for a new organ
during the first half of 2016.
在荷兰，器捐者的短缺一直是个问题。根据荷兰官方电视，2016年上半年就有57个人因为等不到器捐而死亡。
"Hopefully that number will decline under the new system," it said.
“希望新制度下这数字会减少。”
The Netherlands follows the likes of Spain, which has had its own opt-out
organ donor system since 1979, and France, which introduced similar
legislation in January 2017.
荷兰学习的国家是西班牙，一个从1979年开始就有自订器捐逃出系统；另外还有法国，在2017年年初做了类似的修法。
In Spain, which is widely viewed as a world leader in organ donations, there
were an average of 43.4 individual donors per million people in 2016,
markedly more than that year's EU average (19.6) and US average (26.6).
西班牙以器捐而言被认为是世界的领头羊，平均一百万人就有43.4个器捐者。遥遥领先欧盟的平均(19.6)还有美国平均(26.6)。
Germany, which has an opt-in registration system, continues to lag behind,
partly thanks to a 2012 organ donor scandal.
德国也拥有选择加入的系统，但它们大幅落后，有些人认为是2012年的器捐丑闻。