EU to vote on declaring robots to be ‘electronic persons‘
Resolution to grant robots legal status in order to hold them ‘responsible
for acts or omissions’ passed by European Parliament legal affairs committee
May Bulman @maybulman Sunday 15 January 2017
欧盟将要进行一个机器人是“电子人”的声明投票
授予机器人法律地位的决议是为了对他们的“行为或不行为”加以管控
MEPs have voted to propose granting legal status to robots, categorising them
as “electronic persons” and warning that new legislation is needed to focus
on how the machines can be held responsible for their “acts or omissions”.
欧洲议会议员已经提出一项将授予机器人法律地位的提案，将他们分类为“电子人”并认
为新的立法必须聚焦在机器如何能够对其“行为或不作为”负责。
The draft report, tabled by Mady Delvaux-Stehres, a socialist MEP from
Luxembourg, states current rules are “insufficient” for what it calls the “
technological revolution”, and suggests the EU should establish “basic
ethical principles […] to avoid potential pitfalls".
草案报告由一个来自卢森堡的社会主义欧洲议会会员Mady Delvaux-Stehres提出，
目前的规则是“不足”以应付所谓的“技术革命”，并建议欧盟应设立“基本道德原则
[...]为了避免潜在的陷阱”。
Ms Delvaux-Stehres’s resolution was easily passed by the European Parliament
’s legal affairs committee, and a vote by the full parliament on the
resolution is likely to take place in February.
这位女士提的草案很容易的就通过了，并很可能会在二月进行投票
The report suggests that robots and other manifestations of artificial
intelligence such as bots and androids are poised to “unleash a new
industrial revolution, which is likely to leave no stratum of society
untouched”.
这份报告建议机器人与其他如安卓等人工智能正准备“发动一场触及各个社会阶层的工业
革命”
“The more autonomous robots are, the less they can be considered simple
tools in the hands of other actors (such as the manufacturer, the owner, the
user, etc.)," they said.
“随着更多自主机器人出现，意味着更难以将他们当成行动者(制造商、拥有这、使用者)
手上的简易的工具”
“This, in turn, makes the ordinary rules on liability insufficient and calls
for new rules which focus on how a machine can be held – partly or entirely
– responsible for its acts or omissions.
使关于责任的普通规则不足，并要求制定新规则，重点关注机器如何能够部分或全部地对
其行为或不行为负责。
“As a consequence, it becomes more and more urgent to address the
fundamental question of whether robots should possess a legal status.”
因此，解决机器人是否应具有法律地位的根本问题变得越来越迫切。
Following the committee vote on her measure, Ms Delvaux-Stehres reiterated
the need for a legal framework for robots, saying: “A growing number of
areas of our daily lives are increasingly affected by robotics.
在草案投票后，DS重申需要机器人法律框架“越来越多的日常生活领域越来越多地受到机
器人的影响。”
“In order to ensure that robots are and will remain in the service of
humans, we urgently need to create a robust European legal framework.”
“为了确保机器人能够并将继续为人类服务，我们迫切需要创建一个健全的欧洲法律框架
”
Sales of robots rose by 29 per cent in 2014, the highest year-on-year
increase ever, compared to an average of 17 per year between 2010 and 2014,
according to the report, while annual patent filings for robotics technology
have tripled over the past decade.
根据报告，机器人的销售额在2014年增长了29％，是2010年至2014年间平均每年增长17％
，而机器人技术的年度专利申请量增长了三倍过去十年。
In June last year Google introduced a life-like ‘robot dog’ that can clean
houses, while in May it was announced German researchers were in the process
of creating an artificial nervous system that could be used to make robots
experience pain.
去年6月，谷歌推出了一个可以清洁房子的生命似的“机器人狗”，而在5月
，德国研究人员正在创造一个人工神经系统，可以用来使机器人感到痛苦。
Academics last year found that driverless vehicles could reduce the numbers
of accidents by up to 90 per cent.
去年的学者发现，无人驾驶车辆可以将事故数量减少高达90％。
But they highlighted a difficult moral dilemma.
但他们强调了一个困难的道德困境。
In some situations, the robot driver might have to deliberately crash,
killing all its occupants, to avoid killing more people outside the car.
在一些情况下，机器人驱动程序可能必须刻意地关闭，杀死所有的乘客以避免在车外杀死
更多的人。
※译注http://i.imgur.com/pvabRsx.jpg ？？？
People were in favour of this system, but only for other people. When asked
what car they would buy, they told researchers they would choose one that
protected the occupants in all circumstances.
人们赞成这个制度，但只适用于其他人。当被问到他们自己会买什么车，他们告诉研究人
员，他们会选择一个在所有情况下保护乘客的车。
http://tinyurl.com/ha6cudv