楼主:
KennethC (Smith)
2015-05-08 23:51:001.媒体来源:
CNN
2.完整新闻标题:
Why you really are extra tasty to mosquitoes
为什么蚊子这么喜欢咬你
3.完整新闻内文:
With the exception of maybe a mosquito's mother, the world is unified in its
hatred of the little critters. But the world seems divided by those the bugs
ignore and those who too often become the blood soup du jour. This may seem
random, but scientist say there is a real reason for it: blame your parents.
也许除了牠妈之外，整个世界都恨死蚊子了。
但是事实上，世界可以分成两半，一边是不会被蚊子叮的，另一边反之。
虽然这看起来很像是随机决定的，但科学家指出，这现象其实有个理由，
这是属于天生的，要怪就怪你爸妈吧。
For the first time, scientists discovered a possible genetic reason why some
of us are mosquito magnets, at least according to a pilot study from the
London School of Hygiene &Tropical Medicine. It's published in the recent
edition of PLOS ONE.
到底为什么有些人就像是个蚊子大磁铁一样会吸引蚊子呢？
科学家们终于找到了一个可能的原因。
To figure this out, scientists released Aedes aegypti, also known as dengue
mosquitoes, into a tube. The tube was divided into two sections. The bugs
were essentially given a choice to swipe left or swipe right and fly down
either side.
他们做了一个实验，他们把埃及斑蚊放进一个特殊的罐子里面，
这个罐子分成左右两边，小虫虫们一定会决定要往左飞还是往右飞，
最后会停在其中一边的底部。
At the other end of the tube were a pair of twins. Eighteen identical and 19
nonidentical female twins volunteered to be mosquito meat. With these pairs,
scientists saw a difference in who the bugs chose. When the twins were
identical, the two would either be equally attractive or not attractive to
the mosquitoes. When the twins were not identical, the choice varied. That,
scientists say, suggests there is a genetic component to the mosquito law of
attraction. Identical twins have identical genes. With fraternal twins, there
are differences.
而在罐子左右两边的底部，都会有志愿者的手放给蚊子咬。
第一次实验的志愿者是“同卵双胞胎”的女性。
第二次实验的志愿者则“异卵双胞胎”的女性。
而科学家则观察蚊子的移动情况，当“同卵双胞胎”的时候，蚊子会平均
的往两边飞去。而当“异卵双胞胎”的时候，蚊子则不会。
所以科学家认为，基因，是会否吸引蚊子叮咬的一个重要依据。
（同卵双胞胎基因相同，对蚊子的吸引力相同；异卵双胞胎反之。）
This gene that makes people more attractive might influence how someone
smells to the insect.
这种基因也许会影响昆虫闻起来的感觉，以至于更吸引这些虫虫。
This research builds on earlier studies that show a person's body odor may
play a role in who gets bitten more. Earlier studies have found people with a
particular type and volume of bacteria that naturally occurs on skin may make
people more of a target. Same with people with Type O blood, which is linked
to a particular odorant marker in sweat.
这项研究的基础是建立在早期的文献上：人类的体味会影响被叮咬的机率。
早期的文献已经发现，人类身上的特定的细菌会自然的吸引蚊子叮咬。
举例来说，同样流着Ｏ型血的人，流出的汗会有特定的味道。
Pregnant women sweat more because pregnancy raises their average body
temperature about 1.26 degrees, so they are bitten more often. The same has
been shown with people who are heavier.
另外体温比较高的人，会比较常被咬，例如孕妇、肥宅。
Knowing how this works will not keep you safe from the little buggers this
summer, scientists need to do more research. But eventually, this may mean
researchers could figure out a way to neutralize this particular odor, if
that's what the mosquitoes like. This could mean fewer mosquito bites, and it
may mean fewer cases of yellow fever and dengue since these particular bugs
are often the carriers of these viruses.
对了，知道这些并不能减少你夏天被叮咬的机率，科学家们还在努力中。
但是以后一定会有人想出方法来消除这种蚊子喜欢的特殊气味，这也代表
更不会被蚊子咬、更少的黄热病、更少的登革热。
In the meantime, Missy Henriksen from the National Pest Management
Association suggests people wear the bug repellant that is on the market any
time you go outside.
对了，你可以出门的时候就喷防虫剂。
"We've gotten pretty good about sun screen, but people need to get better
about protecting themselves against insects as well, since mosquitoes are
more than just a nuisance. They carry disease."
Henriksen and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend using
products that have one of four active ingredients. Check the label for DEET,
picaridin, IR3535 and/or lemon eucalyptus and para-methane-diol products.
These products are effective, and they are registered with the EPA (meaning
the EPA believes the chemical will only hurt the mosquitoes not you).
略。
Henriksen also suggests you may want to wear shirts with long sleeves and
long pants if you can stand it in the heat of summer.
只要你忍的住热的话，当然你也可以穿长袖长裤。
"Bugs (are less likely to) bite what they can't access," she said. And
hopefully someday, bugs won't be able to suck what they can't smell.
蚊子只要发现牠咬不到你，牠就会比较快放弃，希望哪一天蚊子
再也闻不到人身上的味道，牠们就不会再烦人了。
4.完整新闻连结 (或短网址):
http://tinyurl.com/n88bac6
5.备注:
他缩肥宅比较容易被咬，因为肥宅体温比较～高～高～高～