联合王国,我们俗称的英国,是由四个构成国家所组成:
英格兰、苏格兰、北爱尔兰、威尔斯
English除了称英文,还有英格兰人、英格兰的
如果称英国的、英国人,会使用British
翻译这则新闻前,要搞懂英国的四个组成部分,还有英国/英格兰的差异
http://ppt.cc/Mx-L
David Cameron宣布,经过苏格兰独立公投的冲击,他将加速提出一项议题,避免
苏格兰国会议员决定英格兰限定的的事务
David Cameron has announced that he will fast-track proposals to prevent
Scottish MPs voting on English-only issues in the wake of the independence
referendum.
首相表示,在下一次大选前,他将对所谓的《西洛锡安问题》,提出决定性解决方案。
《西洛锡安问题》
1.为什么来自苏格兰的全英国会议员,无权过问涉及他自己选区利益,但被划归苏格兰
议会的事务呢?
2.假如苏格兰的立法事务皆由苏格兰议会处理,为什么一个来自苏格兰的全英国会议员,
有权就无关于苏格兰的英格兰事务投票,而英格兰的议员却不能就苏格兰事务进行投票?
The Prime Minister said that he will provide a “decisive answer” to the
so-called “West Lothian Question” by the time of the next election.
工党的影子部长,Douglas Alexander,迅速反对这项提议。
However, Douglas Alexander, a shadow Labour minister, immediately hit out at
the plans.
工党有40位苏格兰的国会议员,如果国会通过相关法案,避免苏格兰的国会议员
决定英格兰事务,这将会严重影响工党未来通过或阻挡法律。
Labour has 40 Scottish MPs and any move to prevent them voting in Parliament
on a series of devolved issues would severely impact the party’s ability to
block or pass laws in future.
Cameron首相也建议,威尔斯、北爱尔兰的国会议员未来将跟进。
Mr Cameron also suggested that similar proposals would in future apply to
Welsh and Northern Irish MPs.
Cameron首相发誓,主张统一的政党们,将会对苏格兰独立公投时的承诺,予以实现。
Mr Cameron pledged the unionist parties would keep promises made to Scotland
in the heat of the referendum campaign.
但他也提到:“在威尔斯,有提议认为,是否该给威尔斯政府与议会更大权利。
我希望在联合王国(英国)如何为四个构成国家运作,这个议题上,威尔斯能成为讨论中心”
But he added: "In Wales, there are proposals to give the Welsh Government and
Assembly more powers and I want Wales to be at the heart of the debate for
how to make our United Kingdom work for all our nations.
“在北爱尔兰,我们必须确保权力被下放的政府机构,能够有效运作。”
"In Northern Ireland, we must work to ensure the devolved institutions
function effectively.
“长久以来,我认为这项全国性议题(西洛锡安问题),有个关键部分没被讨论,英格兰
我们必须聆听苏格兰的心声,但现在也要听数千万英格兰人民的心声”
"But I have long believed a crucial part missing from this national
discussion is England. We have heard the voice of Scotland and now the
millions of voices of England must also be heard.
英格兰人决定英格兰事务,也就是所谓的《西洛锡安问题》,
解决方案是苏格兰独自决定个别的税赋、财政支出和社会福利等议题。
相同地,英格兰、威尔斯、北爱尔兰也应该跟进,独自决定这些地区的个别议题。
"The question of English votes for English laws, the so-called West Lothian
Question, requires a decisive answer so just as Scotland will vote separately
on their issues of tax, spending and welfare, so too England as well as Wales
and Northern Ireland should be able to vote on these issues.
“当我们跟苏格兰进行相关协议时,将会协同讨论以上事务”
"All this must take place in tandem with and at the same pace as the
settlement for Scotland."
下议院领袖,William Hague,将会着手进行这些计画的细则,以在内阁会议上讨论。
英国政府与苏格兰的细则协议,将会在11月期限前讨论完毕,上述计画也是。
William Hague, the Commons Leader, will draw up the detail of the plans, to
be discussed in a Cabinet committee, with the same November deadline as that
for the detailed proposals for Scotland.
Cameron首相: “还有相同重要的议题,关于如何增进联合王国(英国)的政府管理,
让更多公民参与议题,其中包含如何让大城市有更多权力。
接下来的日子,我们政府将讨论这些议题。”
Mr Cameron added: "It is also important we have wider civic engagement about
how to improve governance throughout our United Kingdom, including how to
empower our great cities. We will say more about this in the coming days."
工党的影子部长,Douglas Alexander,在BBC Radio 4的节目上,如此回应
“Cameron首相的发言让他震惊了,就像是膝盖的反射回应。
Cameron首相的这些议题,可能是政治家产物,而非相关机构需求的合理判断。”
Mr Alexander, the shadow foreign secretary, told BBC Radio 4's Today
programme that Mr Cameron's announcement struck him as a "fairly knee-jerk
reaction which ... may well have been driven more by politics than by a
considered judgement of the needs of the constitution".
但有迹象显示,工党在这些议题的分歧增大。
However, there were signs of a growing Labour split on the issue.
前工党内政大臣,Lord Reid表示:
“首相的发言有三点。第一点是,苏格兰人决定留在联合王国(英国)。
第二点是,政府对苏格兰议会做出承诺,将放出更多权力,并且已有时程表。”
Lord Reid, the former Labour Home Secretary, said: “What the PM said [is]
three things, first of all the decision has been taken by the Scottish people
that they want to be part of the United Kingdom…Secondly however there is a
demand which has been met by a promise for further enhanced powers for
Scottish Parliament and a timetable set out for that.
“我们将着手讨论这点。第三点则是,当首相进行权力下放时,
无法将其他地区的相同困境置之不理,例如英格兰人的问题。
我想这些是合逻辑的、可预料的议题。”
“Let's work on that. Thirdly, he said we can't do that without looking at
the needs in the reformed club if you like of the other nations, including
the English. I happen to think that is perfectly logical and predictable.”
作者 pinwheel1017 (风车1017) 看板 IA
标题 [新闻] 苏格兰公投挫败 但赢得新权力
时间 Fri Sep 19 22:40:10 2014
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标题:苏格兰公投挫败 但赢得新权力
新闻来源: (须有正确连结)
(中央社爱丁堡19日综合外电报导)
苏格兰今天否决独立公投,使英国得以保留数百年来的面貌,但也将进行重大改变,
给予苏格兰及英格兰等其他地区更多自治。
尽管支持独立阵营的比例在最后两周大幅增加,公投结果,拒绝独立的比例仍以
55.30%胜过支持独立的44.70%。
苏格兰公投选举活动激励全世界分离运动,在苏格兰也引燃前所未有的热情,投票率
达84.6%,创下英国最高投票率的纪录。
投票结果在清晨公布时,对独立说不的民众欢呼、互相拥抱、手舞足蹈。首相卡麦隆
(David Cameron)说他很“高兴”。
他在伦敦唐宁街办公室外说:“如看到英国就此告终,我会心碎。”独立公投未过关
,他免赔上首相大位,看起来松了一口气。
尽管苏格兰首席大臣萨孟德(Alex Salmond)敦促独派人士要为160万支持独立的庞
大票数振作起来,爱丁堡街上仍可见众多气馁的民众,也有人流泪。
同时是苏格兰国家党领袖的萨孟德说:“无论我们何时开始从政,我不认为我们当中
有人曾想过这会是件可信或可能的事情。”
公投结果让忧心忡忡的投资人如释重负,使英镑对欧元汇率达到2年来高点。
企业游说团体英国工业总会(CBI)说,全体商业界对公投结果“集体松了口气”。
英国得以继续存活,但可能很快就变得不一样。英国政府必须兑现选战方酣时做出的
承诺,在税务、开支和社会福利方面下放更多权力给苏格兰。
卡麦隆在电视演说表示,将给英国每一地区更多地方权力,正面回应保守党右翼分子
及英国独立党(UKIP)要求给予英格兰更多权力。
他说:“如同苏格兰可自行在苏格兰议会表决他们的税赋、支出和社会福利等议题;
英格兰、威尔斯和北爱尔兰也都应可就这些议题进行表决。”这会带来激进的宪政改革。
史特林大学(Stirling University)政治学教授圣邓尼(Emily St Denny)说,公
投效应使“苏格兰几乎赢得全部,只差没获得全面独立”。
她说:“整体情势艰难,因为英格兰和威尔斯国会议员对于给予苏格兰的承诺很不高
兴。”1030919
http://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/201409190455-1.aspx