[分享] A2GMAT知识文:介词的语意逻辑暗示

楼主: A2GMAT (A兔GMAT)   2020-05-19 21:45:19
原文连结:https://www.facebook.com/groups/A2GMAT/permalink/2995523630501221/
【Idiom在考什么?你不得不知的“介词的语意逻辑暗示”】 by Dustin
“The remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast
region can, in part, be explained as” a very rapid movement of
people from one end of North America to the other.
(C) That Thule artifacts are remarkably similar throughout a vast
region is, in part, explainable as
(D) One explanation for the remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts
throughout a vast region is that there was
这是终结者同学在准备到读书计画week 2的时候,
在线上群组讨论热烈的一道不会解的题目。
很多考生第一次做到这题时,都会好奇:这两个选项到底该怎么解?
但实际上,英语母语考生对这题的判断毫无困难。
这也就是为什么这题在OG里的分类仅被归类在“中难度”的原因。
各位要注意到,介系词本身是有所谓的“语意暗示”的,
同一个动词搭配上不同的介系词,就会呈现不同的逻辑关系。
而GMAT恰好就把这个观念放在idiom的考点下面出题。
各位可以翻翻手上OG的第九章第二节,找到八大策略里的Idiom详细研读,
便会发现这是OG提醒各位要注意的重点测验方向。
简单一点的,像是:
argue ... (主张....)
argue for (支持)
argue against (反对)
复杂一点的像是:
restrict X from Y(禁止X从事Y)
restrict X to Y(限制X只能从事Y)
这些都是不同的介词所表达出的不同逻辑关系。
换句话说,动词跟介词的搭配不是只有一种,
介词隐含的语意暗示会影响整个词组想表达的逻辑关系。
那么,换回来看这题,到底两个选项相互比对,有什么差别呢?
The remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast region
can, in part, be explained as a very rapid movement of people from
one end of North America to the other.
(C) That Thule artifacts are remarkably similar throughout a vast
region is, in part, explainable *as*
(D) One explanation *for* the remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts
throughout a vast region is that there was
各位可以看到,在呈现这个句子最重要的逻辑“解释原因”的概念上,
两句话的作者分别选择不同的介词as / for;那么这两个介词有什么区别呢?
就让我们拿最简单的例子来说:
He is known as an internet celebrity.
He is known for his charity.
我们便可看到不同的介系词代表不同的语意关系。as做介系词时,有“作为”、
等同的观念,陈述的是身份与角色,与其所修饰的对象是“等同”的逻辑关系。
he is known as an celebrity. (他以网红的身份出名,他=网红)
而当我们使用for的时候呢?for本身带有“因为”的语意暗示。
所以:he is known for his charity. 就变成他因慈善事业为人熟知。
那如果我们用错了会怎样呢?
He is known FOR an internet celebrity.
这句的意思大概是跟网红搞多人运动,搞到举世闻名了吧?(我没有说是谁)
He is known AS his charity.
这就完全看不懂了,对吧!“他作为慈善事业?”慈善事业是人吗?
所以换回来这题:
The remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast region
can, in part, be explained as a very rapid movement of people from
one end of North America to the other.
(C) That Thule artifacts are remarkably similar throughout a vast
region is, in part, explainable *as*
(D) One explanation *for* the remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts
throughout a vast region is that there was
在整句的逻辑上,第一件事“各地的文物都非常相像”
跟第二件事“人群在北美曾经迁徙快速”很明显并非同一概念,
而是前面当结果,后面解释原因。所以此时介系词的使用应该要用for才是合理,
使用as会变成“文物相像”=“快速移动”,逻辑明显不通,
在考试时是第一层级的“语意不合理”问题,可以以此首先排除C。
——
看了这么多的讨论,是不是也想要用语意逻辑解题的方式克服SC呢?
如果对于GMAT准备有任何问题,都欢迎来找我们讨论唷~

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