[SC. ] 浅谈关于“主动一致性”(agreement)

楼主: danyuchn (Javy)   2014-08-02 23:44:33
感谢 甜瓜咖哩 前辈为大家带来自学的补充
(同是自修的我也可以要Ron的签名吗XDDDD
Stacey也可以 tim就免了XD)
小弟 傻瓜干面 突然想要补充一下“主动一致性”(agreement)的概念
一开始在准备GMAT的时候,对主动一致的理解很单纯:
主词单数还复数?动词有没有跟着主词的单复数做正确变化?
可是后来在做题目时渐渐捉襟见肘
后来才发现“逻辑句意”真的非常重要!!!!!
我个人认为,GMAT所称的agreement其实不只是单复数,
更包含了“主词”(动作发出者)在常理下能否合理做出“动词”这个动作这个判断
听起来似乎很简单?以前国高中老师常常提醒过我们:
英文里 动作能不能被人做很重要
比如happen的主词要用事情 车子要用“被开”而不是“车子开了”
但在GMAT里,我们面对的是更为严谨的英语逻辑,以下列出几点:
1. 事件导致事件,改变导致改变:
正确句子#1:
[The rise in the Commerce Department's index of leading economic indicators]
suggests //that the economy will continue to expand in the coming months,//
but the mixed performance of the index's individual components indicates
that economic growth will proceed at a more moderate pace than in the
first quarter of this year.
请注意[ ]的主词部分用的是rise(上升)这个事件
它告诉我们(suggest)了什么呢?// //的受词部分也是事件。
英文里的逻辑是就事论事--事情导致事情,改变导致改变。
“指数的上升”显示了“经济继续成长”
请对照以下的写法:
错误句子 #1-1:
[the Commerce Department, whose index of leading economic indicators rising]
suggests //that the economy will continue to expand in the coming months,//..
(我改了主词部分)
变成“商务部”显示了经济继续成长。
错误句子#1-2:
[The rise in the Commerce Department's index of leading economic indicators]
suggests the economy, which will continue to expand in the coming months,//..
(改受词部分)
变成“指数的上升”显示了“经济”
经济怎样?????完整的意思不能被拆开来放到另一个which结构里阿...
那为什么我们考试时会疏于考虑呢?原因很简单
就是我们看选项依就会用中文的语意去理解。
中文讲:“刚愎自用的他使得这个计画失败”感觉很顺,考试时就会觉得没有问题
e04~因为中文就是一个没什么逻辑性的语言嘛
字凑在一起大家都会揣摩一下意思就能理解
但是GMAT SC要求更严格的、就事论事的逻辑“他的刚愎自用导致这个计画的失败”。
不相信吗?来看一题OG的整句画线题目:
Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action,
especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it
likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret
them when they do appear.
B. An executive who is heavily committed to a course
of action, especially one that worked well in the past,
makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting
ones likely when they do appear.
C. An executive who is heavily committed to a course
of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient
trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well
in the past.
E. Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially
one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an
executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret
them when they do appear.
仔细观察正确选项E跟错误选项BC的主词选用差异:
B,C:“墨守成规的执行长”容易忽略问题前兆
E:“墨守成规的习惯”会使执行长容易忽略问题前兆
两句中文都很顺!但是按照GMAT的逻辑句意,就事论事,
BC的主词跟动词间的逻辑一致性显然没有E好。
是事情导致结果,而不是人本身导致结果。
再留下一题,给大家思考:
Joachim Raff and Giacomo Meyerbeer are examples of the kind of
composer who receives popular acclaim while living, //often goes
into decline after death, and never regains popularity again.//
(C) but whose reputation declines after death and never regains
its former status
(D) who declines in reputation after death and who never regained
popularity again
为什么正确答案C用whose reputation declines,
错误答案用who declines in repuatation。
这个曾经困扰我也可能正困扰著大家的问题,
相信现在已经不再困难。
Reminder:
逻辑句意是进入高分区的必备判题能力,但是代价就是要花比较多的时间读题
因此,一开始看选项的时候宜用文法上大是大非的错误
(不平行、such like...、run-on sentence...)
先筛去一些选项,最后抉择时再好好看句意
不要五个选项都还在就贸然看句意,实战上颇浪费时间
今天先打到这边,欢迎版友们讨论,
往后有空也会陆续分享一些对SC句意逻辑的见解
Dustin
p.s. 推IOH,最近也常常在看这个网站了解他人的申请历程跟资源
作者: yauman (AIT笔记王)   2014-08-03 15:16:00
补充,有好的阅读能力甚至可以边看边理解句意
作者: ccahhu (小天天‧C‧蓝泥)   2014-08-04 11:11:00
真的耶 OG那题用中文思路看会选不出来

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