大家在研究SC的时候，总是有一种迷思：“having/being”少选，
但是事实上，OG/PP里也不乏有正确选项带有having/being的。
那么，究竟该怎么判断呢？
在这里，Dustin一如以往从句意上的逻辑出发，而不谈技巧，
跟大家分享个人认为having/being何时应该出现的判断准则。
（以下所举出的皆为OG正确句子）
Referring to the current hostility toward smoking,
smokers frequently express anxiety that their
prospects for being hired and promoted are being stunted by their habit.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
注意“smokers frequently express anxiety that
their prospects for being hired and promoted…”为什么要用being呢？
因为for是介系词，介系词之后必定要接Ving/N，
但若是接hiring and promoting不能表示“被动”的概念，
所以要接由被动式（原形beV＋Vpp）改成的动名词（being+Vpp），
是为表被动的动名词，being不可省，
否则“for hired and promoted”在文法上有错，
“for hiring and promoting”又无法表达被动意思。
请看另外两个正确句子：
In his research paper, Dr. Frosh, medical director of
the Payne Whitney Clinic, distinguishes between mood swings,
which may be violent without being grounded in mental disease,
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
and genuine manic-depressive psychosis.
Archaeologists in Ireland believe that a recently discovered
chalice, which dates from the eighth century, was probably
buried to keep it from being stolen by invaders.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
继续回到这句分析：
Referring to the current hostility toward smoking,
smokers frequently express anxiety that their prospects
for being hired and promoted are being stunted by their habit.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
这里的“promoted are being stunted…”
因为是同时要表达“被动”跟“进行”的概念，
所以要补出being，将原形beV Vpp变成进行式的being Vpp。
不能只写成“are stunted”（只读出被动的意思），
或者“are stunting”（只读出进行式）。所以being是必要的，不算冗长。
同样的用法，请参照此句：
The recent surge in the number of airplane flights
has clogged the nation's air-traffic control system,
leading to a 55-percent increase in delays at airports
and prompting fears among some officials that
safety is being compromised.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
至于，having出现的时机？
请连读下面两个正确句子：
1. Egyptians are credited with having pioneered embalming methods
as long ago as 2650 B.C.
2. Pablo Picasso, the late Spanish painter, credited African art
with having had a strong influence on his work.
大家第一个注意到的共通点是credited with跟having一起出现。
但我必须说，这并不是固定搭配。
我们应该注意的是句意上的共通点：都是在强调时间的持续性。
“Pablo Picasso, the late Spanish painter, credited African art
with having had a strong influence on his work.”
在强调“（在他credited的当下）已经持续影响一段时间了”
而“Egyptians are credited with having pioneered embalming methods
as long ago as 2650 B.C.”
在强调的也是“埃及人 持续 拥有pioneered embalming methods”。
当我们要特别强调“一段时间（持续）”的时候，可以使用have + Vpp的完成式来表达。