楼主:
enggys (Sam)
2022-11-09 09:54:27请考虑下列两组叙述句改成疑问句:
1. Mary said that she saw John yesterday.
2. Who did Mary say that she saw?
这里 1 和 2 文法都是正确的.
3. Mary said that John saw her yesterday.
4. Who did Mary say that saw her?
这里 3 是对的, 但 4 是错的, 要写成如下才对.
5. Who did Mary say saw her?
母语人士会直觉 4 就是错的, 非母语人士则否.
请问有无方法用传统文法向学生解释呢?
若用 wh-movement 和 that-trace 怕会更糟吧.
Thanks in advance.
我觉得把 that-trace 当作是一种 descriptive filter也未尝不可。Wh-movement 跟 trace 应该在学习造问句时就有点基本概念了。
楼主:
enggys (Sam)
2022-11-09 22:22:00母语小朋友看到 sentence diagram 心情都不美丽了; 非母语小朋友看到更难的 syntax tree 恐怕就和我翻脸啦.
作者:
ewayne (ec)
2022-11-10 00:26:00你那句子，到底谁才是句子的主词？是Who还是Mary?
楼主:
enggys (Sam)
2022-11-13 00:26:00一楼 r 大是位行家, 立刻看出这是 prescriptive 和 descriptive 之间的矛盾. 这并不是把它当作陷阱题来刁难各位,而是因为非母语学生都是透过 prescriptive grammar 学习英文, 要如何教导这种句型会让人感到困扰, 无法单用 usage 解释 (蒙混) 过去. 退一步想, 这些都是常见的句子, 如果考试时被 (刻意或无意地) 出成题目, 老师要如何解释答案呢?
作者:
dunchee (---)
2022-11-13 22:46:00楼主:
enggys (Sam)
2022-11-13 23:17:00母语小朋友不用学 (那虚无缥缈的语感又出现啦), 非母语小朋友的话... 老师教错就会学错, 所以是老师应该学, 但要怎么教小朋友是个问题 (当然不能硬教 generative syntax), 毕竟这些都是生活中常见的句子, 不是吗?
作者: madgina (爱上不该爱的人) 2022-11-15 19:59:00
只有我觉得时间轴怪吗？Mary said that she’d seen….
楼主:
enggys (Sam)
2022-11-18 16:19:00直述和间接转述的时间轴考量是不同的, 所以下列四个都对,但语意不同.Mary said that she saw John.Mary said that she had seen John.Mary said that she would see John.Mary said that she will see John.后两句的差别是 "计划遇见/拜访John" 的时间点, 一个已过, 一个未到.另外加赠四个长得有点像, 但不是间接转述的例子:Mary would say that she saw John.Mary would say that she had seen John.Mary will say that she saw John.Mary will say that she had seen John.有疑惑时, 建议把可能都列举出来, 一一检视对错, 就更不容易忘记.