关于Having said this这段（第二段）
第四行开始
This is surprising given that organizations invest huge amounts of money in deve
loping packaging that they believe is effective
这边that they believe is effective 的 that 所引导的是名词子句当同位语吗？
补充说明organizations invest huge amounts of money in developing packaging这件事
他们（organizations）相信是有效的？
第十行
It has already led to some important findings that challenge the ways….
也是同位语吗？
还是形容词子句？
要怎么去分辨什么时候当同位语，什么时候当形容词子句？ 谢谢。
https://imgur.com/a/CwMIV5Z